The purpose of the present study is to obtain data available for creation of both thermal comfort and clothing comfort through Japan-England comparison. Field surveys were carried out during winter in both Osaka and Surrey, from which the effective data for the analysis was obtained from 400 respondents of each Japanese and English office worker.
1) It was found by means of the quantification method II that factors affecting the comfort sensation in clothing worn were : the amounts of clothing worn, three clothing comfort factors to which importance was attached, sex, nationality and ambient temperature measured in office. The multiple correlation coefficient was determined to be 0.75.
2) Wearing less clothing contributed to create comfort conditions in clothing when the effects of the other factors were controlled.
3) The rate of persons who were thermally comfortable and also felt comfortable in clothing was significantly lower in the Japanese office workers than among the English group. The former three factors in 1) mentioned above were concerned with the difference observed between the two groups in comfort sensation of clothing worn.

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This study aims to estimate the effects of mechanical action for detergency and damage of fabrics in washing process with and without protease. For this purpose, we prepared naturally stained cotton shirting and cotton jersey with a sort of soil containing much of epidermal stratum corneum debris. And we also confirmed the adhering state and the amount of the stains.
The observation with the scanning electron microscope has shown that much of stains adhered on the fiber surface or between the fibers in the case of shirting, and in the thread-core of jersey. After washing, the fibrils (0.20.8μm) appeared on the surface of fiber, corresponding to increased mechanical action, for instance, over 105 c.p.m. of Terg-O-Tometer. After five to ten times repeats of washing cycles, the fibers were furthermore damaged. The soil removal efficiency of cotton shirting was lower than cotton jersey. In the case of shirting, however, pre-soak with bacillus alkaline protease was very effective, so that the efficiency of washing by the heavy duty detergent was remarkably higher than without the pre-soaking. Generally, when the stained fabrics were washed, after pre-soaked with the protease, the higher detergency with the less damage of cotton fabrics was found, even if at low temperature (10°C or 25°C) and on the reduced mechanical action.

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