The authors have investigated preventive effects of the fabrics capable of shielding ultraviolet rays by model tests and actual wearing. The results are as follows:
1) In actual wear, the skin at the back of the human body can be irradiated, through clothes, by 36% estimated from the solar UV-rays and the UV-transmittances of fabrics.
2) Japanese can generally be sunburnt slightly by 20 KJ/m², mildly by 40, and remarkably by 70 of UV-rays through clothes.
3) A fabric, through which UV-rays can transmit by less than 10%, is recommended for wearing under much sunshine.

View full abstract

This study was conducted to construct Clothing Behavior Scale which could measure individual differences of clothing behavior objectively, quantitively, and easily. The questionnaire composed of sixty-four items was distributed to 763 undergraduates (332 males and 431 females) . The results were factor-analysed to indentify dimensions of clothing behavior and select items for the scale. This analysis yielded four factors: 1) fashion-consciousness, 2) tendency to think much of function and amenity, 3) interest to appropriateness for social situations, and 4) practicing economy.
On the basis of this result, we have constructed Clothing Behavior Scale consisting of four subscales available to both sexes. Internal consistency reliabilities (Cronbach's α coefficient) of these subscales were ranging from 0.695 to 0.836.

View full abstract

This study was conducted to examine the effect of relative humidity and air space in knitted fabrics on heat transfer, by means of the Thermo Labo II type, measuring thermal conductivity (λ) thermal insulation value (TIV) and initial maximum heat flux (gmax) for ten kinds of knitted fabrics.
The experimental results were analysed statistically to relate thermal properties to relative humidity, air space, moisture/air transport properties, and so on.
The summarized results of this study are as follows:
1. The TIV of knitted fabrics for underwear showed that the smaller the bulk density and the thicker the air space, the better the thermal insulation, regardless of materials, an increase of about 150% was observed in TIV of about 8mm of air space.
And a constant decrease was observed in TIV of knitted fabrics for underwear as relative humidity increased, but a lesser decrease was observed in TIV beyond 65%RH.
2. The qmax value increaes along with the relative humidity of the environmental condition. And the warm feeling of knitted fabrics for underwear shows that the larger the surface unevenness and the smaller the bulk density, the greater the warm feeling.

View full abstract

The repeated compressive resilience is required for a cotton wadding of a used mattress. The change of the repeated compressive resilience of four used and three new cotton waddings has been determined in the standard condition under the pressure of 2200g/100cm²for the duration equivalet to 230 days assuming the eight-hour sleeping a day. The test results are as follows:
1) The compressive standard value of the washed new cotton wadding is little changed. However, that of the used cotton wadding after care has approached to that of a new cotton wadding.
2) The recovered standard value of new cotton wadding is excellent. The value has been infuluenced by how to use wadding rather than the kinds of fiber of wadding.
3) The washing effect in the change of repeated compressive resilience has been recognized up to 30 times repetition (equivalent to two months of sleeping days) for new cotton wadding, and up to 10 times repetition (equivalent to three weeks of sleeping days) for used cotton wadding.
4) The recovery of compressive resilience of washed cotton wadding is apparently inferior to that of beaten wadding or washed after beaten wadding. Nevertheless, washing is simple and good method for wadding care.

View full abstract

In order to estimate the force necessary to detach solid particulate soils, polyethylene, polystyrene latex and glass particles were adhered to polyester taffeta and removed in the washing device, as has already been reported. F_H1/2, the force necessary to detach the soils, was estimated. The results were compared with the results of particles adhering to a polyester film.
The following insights were obtained:
1) The removal percentage for polyester taffeta was smaller than that for polyester film.
2) F_H1/2was obtained only with polystyrene latex and glass particles, and the values were larger than for polyester film.
3) The removal percentage for particles adhering to the substrate parallel to the direction of the water flow, was larger than that of the right-angle substrate.

View full abstract

The purpose of this study is analysis of silhouetter photographies of adult females and evaluation of the silhouette characterized by age.
At first, we examined 51 item data of 689 adult females from 19 to 82 years old by the method of principal component analysis.
Secondly, 7 representative silhouetter photographies characterized by age are picked out from 689 adult females. The 284 girl students evaluated the 7 silhouettes by semantic differential method.
The results show that the visual evaluation of silhouette is judged to be differentiated by age.

View full abstract

[in Japanese]

View full abstract