The purpose of this investigation was, as a part of the study on the implicit personality theory related to clothing and appearance, to examine the assumed relationship between body features and personality traits.
Two questionnaires were distributed to separate subject groups. In Questionnaire I, subjects were 301 female undergraduates. They were asked to rate ten stimulus persons (SPs) on thirty-one items on a seven-point scale using two opposed body features each. SPs were described by one of twenty personality traits which compose ten antonym pairs. In Questionnaire II, subjects were another 268 female undergraduates. They were asked to rate thirty-one persons (SPs) on ten items on a seven-point scale using two opposed personality traits each. SPs were described by one of sixty-two body features which compose thirty-one antonym pairs.
The results of this study were, in comparison with the previous studies on the implicit personality theory on clothing and appearance from Part 1 to Part 3, as follows:
1. The assumed relationship between body features and personality traits was found clearly.
2. Four factors were extracted as the structure of body features inferred from personality traits. They were, in order of factor contribution, able to be interpreted as follows; I. Fatness, II. Proportion, III. Size, and IV. Roundness. In these four factors, “Proportion”was deemed to contribute most to the estimate of body attractiveness.
3. Three factors were extracted as the structure of personality traits inferred from body features. They were interpreted as follows; I. Sociability, II . Positivity, and III. Intelligence.
4. As compared with the results of the Part 2 that“Discretion”was conspicuously inferred from clothing features, “Sociability”was conspicuously inferred from body features. Therefore, body features and clothing features were assumed to reciprocally. relate with different personality traits, and were deemed to complicate further the impression formation of personality based on appearance in a young female, at least.
5. Based on their factor-loadings on the factors, body scales were divided into a group of four categories, and personality scales into a group of three. The obvious relationship between both groups was observed as follows: Broad-Mindedness went with Fatness; Positivity and Intelligence each went with Proportion ; Positivity went with Size ; Sociability went with Roundness; Positivity went with Angularity.
6. The data in Questionnaire I were analysed using“The Method of Quantification III”. The global relationship was observed between the groups of body features and those of personality traits. Also, by the comparison with the results of previous studies related to clothing and physiognomic features (shown in Part 2), a more synthetic data on implicit personality theory related to appearance was obtained.
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