In order to investigate relations between clothes worn by high school students in winter and air temperature, a survey has been made throughout Japan by means of questionnaires. Except in Okinawa, the higher was local air temperature, the more were found quantities and total clo-value of underwear worn on the upper part of the bodies by both boy and girl students. Since high school uniforms are nearly the same in Japan, then the above findings has led to an interesting relation that, except in Okinawa, students in warmer areas wore more in their classrooms. All respondents were classified into six groups according to the winter air temperature in the areas where they live, and in each group were shown the percentages of items and combination of items of both underwear and outerwear they wore. From these data, students in colder areas were found to wear heavier outerwear with lighter underwear.

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The measurement of twisting properties is of great importance in characterizing complex deformation in relation to drape and soft handle of clothing. Using an apparatus designed to develop twisting deformation on fabric samples, the authors have measured the twisting moment acting on the fabric, along with the in-plane load that is simultaneously developed by the coupling effect between the in-plane and out-of-plane deformation modes. Twisting moment vs. twisting angle and in-plane load vs. twisting angle hysteresis curves are obtained for plain woven, knitted and braided fabrics, aluminum foils and papers as well as for plain woven, twill and satin fabrics with the three different fabric counts. Twisting properties such as twisting rigidity, twisting hysteresis and in-plane load at the twisting angle of 30°are determined from hysteresis curves. Twisting rigidity and in-plane load for fabrics are much smaller compared with those for foils and papers. The twisting properties of fabrics are different from those of sheet material such as foils and papers, giving the differences in their ability to buckle gracefully in round folds of double curvature. The effects of fabric structures, fabric weaves and fabric count on the twisting properties are discussed in terms of the coupling effects between the in-plane and out-of-plane deformation modes.

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