[in Japanese]

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This article reflected psychologically on musical affect experience and it is studied about the following points. (1) I think that musical affect experience stimulates our deep mind by musical characteristics the following point. 1) Music rhythm (simple, methodical) is able to open of deep mind. 2) A medium (a sound) of music stimulate our deep mind immediately. 3) Music is beautiful value which expressed an ideal of human being, then its stimulate reaches to deep mind. (2) Emotional reaction (pleasure, pleasantness) which followed musical affect experience is expression in change of mind. It is the reason why tension of "deep mind" was purified from affect experience and the musical affect experience has characteristics as experience the following point. 1) That experience is "synthetic experience" which all of our mind are stimulated by musical beauty. 2) That experience is "immediate experience" which intuits substance of an object. 3) That experience is "revivifitic experience" which is given old experience our new life and brought us back to life.

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The purpose of this paper is to develop the methodological strategies about teaching-behaviors in the physical education lessons. The human behaviors are generally prescribed by such factors of space, time and the inner factors of the persons concerned. In this context, the teaching-behaviors are classified as the interpersonal behaviors and have many correlated complex factors in them. But Mary Jesen suggested that the teaching-skill was an open-skill and trainable under certain conditions. The microteaching is one of the teacher training programs. However, these programs have some problems about the evaluation system and practical programing. Therefore, the strategies of the study on teaching-behaviors must be conceptualized as follows: 1) The traditional models of teaching-learning process have the tendency of neglecting the time factors. Consequently the hypothetical simple model must be constructed. (See Fig. 1) 2) In these studies it is needful to determine the units of the correlations of the each factors, to quantify of them and to fix the model. 3) The microteaching program based on the studies of 1), 2) must be optimized by repeating the experiments on control factors.

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In my previous study (Tani, 1981) related to the effect of error-restriction emphasis instruction on two-hand coordination learning, it was found that such instruction tended to have a greater effect in the earlier stages of the learning process. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of this same instruction on adaptive process of two-hand coordination learning. Twelve undergraduate female students, unfamiliar with this learning experiment and with the problem under consideration served as subjects. They were divided into two groups (C.G. and E.G), each with six subjects. Both groups received explanations about the learning task, and after that one group (E.G.) received additional instruction "don't make errors". The same instruction was given at random to the subjects throughout the learning process of the initial task. The learning task was a two-hand coordination task and each subject performed twenty-five trails on the initial task and ten trials on the second task. Five dependent measures were analyzed in this experiment: execution time of trials, number of errors, number of directional errors, respiration rate and heart rate. The main results were as follows. In relation to the execution time of trials, no significant difference was found between the two groups. But in relation to errors and directional errors, the E.G. showed a higher rate of errors in comparison with the C.G. in the earlier stages of learning of the initial task and also in the earlier trials of the second task. It was found that error-restriction emphasis instruction tended to have a negative effect upon the adaptive process of two-hand coordination learning. In other words, when error-restriction emphasis instruction is given to the learner, the invariant properties of the skill become overemphasized, and as a result it becomes difficult to acquire flexible motor programs so essential to the adaptive process of perceptual-motor skill learning.

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"Family planning" is an important concept which covers not only the use of contraceptives, but also such contemporary themes as planned childbirth, appreciation of the human rights of women and children, and consciousness of personal responsibility for the overflowing world population. An investigation of various kinds of textbooks currently used in high schools (home economics, social studies, health and physical education, etc.) was carried out. It was found that family planning has been adopted only in the curricula of health and physical education in high schools, stressing only its health aspects. It is, however, necessary to adopt the concept of family planning in home economics curricula as well, stressing its social aspects, to promote the harmonious pursuit of both personal and social prosperity. In this report, the authors discuss the present situation of youth - both male and female - with respect to their consciousness of family planning, and propose a fundamental philosophy of family planning curriculum development for home economics.

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Although "equality of man and woman" is a basic idea of our democratic society, and something which should permeate the whole system of school education, the present situation as a whole is not at all satisfactory. The present investigation was made to clarify upper secondary school students' awareness of the equality between men and women, especially from the standpoint of home economics education. Several items of inquiry were offered to the students in order to obtain their opinions on the equality of the sexes. Views were obtained on discrimination against women in society, whether outside jobs were compatible with being a housewife and mother, if there really was a need to study in school the idea of the equality of the sexes, etc. When the responses were analyzed, it was found that most students recognized that at present equality between the sexes were not observed to a satisfactory degree, and they considered it necessary to take active measures to improve the situation, such as giving male students an opportunity to take a course in home economics.

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