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Volume 56, Issue 6
Displaying 1-11 of 11 articles from this issue
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Masayo MIURA, Toshiharu GOMYO1982 Volume 56 Issue 6 Pages 417-425
Published: 1982
Released on J-STAGE: November 21, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSA marked blue color developed before the initiation of browning when glycine reacted with excess D-xylose in slightly alkaline medium containing sodium bicarbonate as catalyst. The blue color of the reaction solution intensified under an atmosphere of nitrogen and on addition of hydrophilic organic solvents, such as methanol, ethanol, isopropanol and acetone. Higher temperature accelerated the formation of blue pigment, reducing the duration of the color; no blue pigment was produced at cooking temperature.
Three kinds of blue pigments (Blue 1, Blue 2 and Blue 3) were chromatographically separated. Although the structural details of these pigments are under investigation, some chemical and spectroscopic properties were examined. The molecular weight of the pigments was estimated on the basis of behavior in gel permeation chromatography. Blue 1, Blue 2 and Blue 3 were approximately 800, 1200 and 1600, respectively.
The formation pathway of these pigments was discussed, and it was suggested that these substances corresponded to consecutive oligomers produced in the earlier stage of polymerization in browning caused by the amino-carbonyl reaction of D-xylose with glycine.View full abstractDownload PDF (704K) -
Kei YAMANAKA, Kenji WAKABAYASHI, Toru SAITO, Keisuke TUBAKI1982 Volume 56 Issue 6 Pages 427-434
Published: 1982
Released on J-STAGE: November 21, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe pine wilt nematode, Bursaphelenchus xylophilus usually grows well on a mycelial bed of Botrytis cinerea. A variety of fungi isolated from forest soil also supports the multiplication of the nematode. Among 99 strains tested, 13 strains promoted nematode growth most effectively when reared on mycelial beds at 30°C for 7 days. The nematode multiplied to over 105 after an inoculation of 103 heads per petri dish from two strains of Pestalotia species and one strain of Verticicladiella and Penicillium species. Most other fungi tested also supported nematode growth but less effectively than Botrytis cinerea. They included Penicillium, Cladosporium, Eladia, Gliomastix, Acremonium, Helminthosporium, Humicola, and Aspergillus species. On the other hand, some fungi prevented nematode multiplication including Alternaria, Mucor, Penicillium, Trichoderma, Nectria, Aspergillus, Cunninghamella, Paecilomyces, Pestalotia, Pestalotiopsis, Trichothecium, and Phomopsis species. These fungi did not show any nematofagous activity, and the prevention activity might be ascribed to the unfavorable properties of their mycelia for nematode growth.
Two strains of Phomopsis species exhibited strong nematocidal activity in cultural liquid, reaching 96.9_??_99.6% mortality after 48 hr incubation.View full abstractDownload PDF (629K) -
Keiko KATSUTA, Isao HAYAKAWA, Danji NOMURA1982 Volume 56 Issue 6 Pages 435-440
Published: 1982
Released on J-STAGE: November 21, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSA large amount of lysinoalanine (LAL) was found in the spun fiber of soy protein. Thus its inhibition was attempted in preparing dope and spun fiber, and the spinnability of the dope was studied.
The amount of LAL increased with increasing protein concentration. LAL formation was directly proportional to the protein concentration, which might be attributed to the increased frictional heat generated by the high viscosity of the dope.
LAL formation could be controlled in low protein concentration dope, but it resulted in a reduction of the viscoelastic value of the dope. When there was less than 14% protein, the dope could not be spun at 50°C, whereas it showed good spinnability when applied in low temperature process. In the case of 14% protein, dope prepared with 0.4_??_0.7% NaOH showed excellent spinnability (spun at a rate of more than 35m/min). Dope prepared with 0.1% NaOH (pH 8.5) could also be spun at a rate of 20m/min. Low temperature and low alkali treated fibers prepared from 14% protein showed decreased LAL formation.View full abstractDownload PDF (421K) -
Hiromu KAMEOKA, Seiji HASHIMOTO1982 Volume 56 Issue 6 Pages 441-443
Published: 1982
Released on J-STAGE: November 21, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe steam volatile constituents of wild Wasabi and Orandagarashi have been studied by combination of chromatographic and spectroscopic methods. Each oil was separated into hexane, benzene, ether and methanol eluted fractions by column chromatography. As a result of column chromatography, sulfur and nitrogen constituents were eluted with benzene and ether.
14 sulfur and nitrogen compounds in the steam volatile oil of Wasabia japonica and 7 sulfur and nitrogen compounds in the steam volatile oil of Nasturitium officinale were detected.
The characteristic major components of Wasabia japonica were allyl isothiocyanate, 6-methylthiohexanonitrile, 7-methylthioheptanonitrile and 6-methylthiohexyl isothiocyanate, and those of Nasturitium officinale were 3-phenylpropiononitrile, 8-methylthiooctanonitrile and 9-methylthiononanonitrile.View full abstractDownload PDF (204K) -
Goro KAJIMOTO, Hiromi YOSHIDA, Akira SHIBAHARA, Shiro YAMASHOJI1982 Volume 56 Issue 6 Pages 445-449
Published: 1982
Released on J-STAGE: November 21, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSFive cultivars of cotton from harvests in USSR, USA, Thailand, Benin and Japan were grown in Japan (the University field). These cotton seeds obtained by cultivation were called samples I, II, III, IV and V, respectively. The cotton seeds were harvested at eight stages of development from 3 to 80 days after flowering, and the changes in lipid contents and fatty acid and the tocopherol (Toc) compositions were investigated. The Toc contents were determined by high-performance liquid chromatography with a spectrophotometric detector at 295 nm. The weights of the seeds rapidly increased until 30 days after flowering, and the seed weights of samples I, II, III, IV and V were 238, 195, 208, 163 and 167mg/seed, respectively, at 50 days after flowering. These seeds matured 70 days after flowering. Lipids accumulated at a steady rate up to 30 days after flowering, and the lipid contents of the mature seeds of samples I, II, III, IV and V were 28.2, 29.1, 26.4, 27.7 and 24.0mg/seed, respectively. Generally, the amounts of linoleic, palmitic and oleic acids increased with seed maturation, and the amounts of linolenic and cyclic fatty acids decreased. In the developing seeds of these cotton cultivars, the total Toe contents rapidly increased with increasing amounts of unsaturated fatty acids and their esters.View full abstractDownload PDF (334K) -
Kazuhiko SAKATA, Hiromichi YAMAMOTO, Hiroyuki TANAKA, Masatsugu SHINOZ ...1982 Volume 56 Issue 6 Pages 451-453
Published: 1982
Released on J-STAGE: November 21, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe main components in non-volatile acidic fraction of raw corn (1979. 10. 17) were analyzed by GLC, IR and MS. p-coumaric and ferulic acids were identified. In the last growing period, the C3-side chain of hydrocinnamic acid was probably dehydrogenated.
On the other hand, components in volatile phenolic fraction of corn silage (1980. 4. 7) were found to be identical with guaiacol, 4-ethylphenol, 4-methylguaiacol, 4-ethylguaiacol, 4-vinylphenol, 4-vinylguaiacol and eugenol. Two vinylphenols wer thought to be produced from p-coumaric and ferulic acids by thermal decarboxylation during steam distillation.View full abstractDownload PDF (194K) -
Tadakazu TAKEO1982 Volume 56 Issue 6 Pages 455-457
Published: 1982
Released on J-STAGE: November 21, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSIt has been reported that in tea shoots injured by mechanical means monoterpene alcohols, as linalool and geraniol, were produced from the bound type compounds. The content of linalool and geraniol produced in injured shoots was higher in spring season than in summer season. The variations in the amounts of linalool and geraniol were genetically related. Namely, the assamica variety produced mainly linalool and some special clones of the sinensis variety cultured in Taiwan and Fuchien produced a high content of geraniol. Most clones in var. sinensis produced both linalool and geraniol.View full abstractDownload PDF (191K) -
Shozo KOGA1982 Volume 56 Issue 6 Pages 459-462
Published: 1982
Released on J-STAGE: November 21, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (404K) -
1. BIOSIS (1) Data ElementKei YAMANAKA1982 Volume 56 Issue 6 Pages 489-494
Published: 1982
Released on J-STAGE: November 21, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (499K) -
N. Y.1982 Volume 56 Issue 6 Pages 495-496
Published: 1982
Released on J-STAGE: November 21, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (209K) -
N. Y.1982 Volume 56 Issue 6 Pages 497-499
Published: 1982
Released on J-STAGE: November 21, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (228K)
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