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Volume 57, Issue 4
Displaying 1-12 of 12 articles from this issue
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Kenji MAKAJIMA, Akio SATO1983 Volume 57 Issue 4 Pages 299-305
Published: 1983
Released on J-STAGE: November 21, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSRhodococcus (a group of Nocardia spp. in the eighth edition of Bergey's Manual of Determinative Bacteriology; now re-classified as Rhodococcus spp. by Goodfellow and Alderson, 1977) sp. BPM 1613 isolated from soil utilized pristane as the sole source of carbon, and produced monoterminal oxidation products and other pristane-derived metabolites. Results on monoterminal oxidation products, pristanol, pristanic acid, pristyl pristanate and pristyl aldehyde have been reported in our previous paper. In the present work, three acidic metabolites (products A, B and C) and the monoterminal oxidation products were isolated and their chemical structures were determined. The products were extracted with diethyl ether from the culture broth and purified by column chromatography and preparative thin-layer chromatography on silica gel. The yields of products A, B and C were 38mg, 138mg and 90mg/liter, respectively. On the basis of instrumental analysis, products A, B and C were determined as 2, 6-dimethylnonanedioic acid, 2, 6-dimethylheptanedioic acid and 2-methylpentanedioic acid, respectively. These products were recognized to be intermediates in the metabolic pathway of pristane, and this strain metabolized pristane through the following two pathways: (1) pristane→pristanic acid→β-oxidation, and (2) pristanic acid→pristanedioic acid (ω-oxidation)→β-oxidation.
The detailed characteristics of the BPM 1613 strain were examined. This strain was found to belong to Rhodococcus sp. on the basis of morphological and cultural characteristics. The physiological properties of BPM 1613 were similar to those of R. erythropolis, but some properties (not changing litmus milk, not decomposing adenine and L-tyrosine, not producing acid from inositol and trehalose, and not assimilating citrate, formate and lactate) were not consistent with those of R. erythropolis.View full abstractDownload PDF (497K) -
Tadanobu NAKADAI, Tetsuo AISHIMA1983 Volume 57 Issue 4 Pages 307-311
Published: 1983
Released on J-STAGE: November 21, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe relationships between enzyme activities of soysauce koji and mash viscosity and filtration rate were analyzed by using the stepwise multiple regression analysis (SRA) method. Carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) saccharifying activity, pectin liquefying activity and pectin lyase activity were entered at step 1, 2 and 3 into multiple regression models for mash viscosity, and the resulting multiple regression model explained the 64.7% (R2=O.647) mash viscosity. As for filtration rate, pectin liquefying activity, CMC saccharifying activity, pectin lyase activity and pectic acid liquefying activity were selected as independent variables at step 1, 2, 3 and 4 by SRA, and the resulting coefficient of determination (R2) was 0.577.
Contributing proportions (Pi) of pectin liquefying activity, pectin lyase activity and CMC saccharifying activity for mash viscosity were 21.3%, 19.7% and 17.4%, respectively. Pi of pectin liquefying activity, pectin lyase activity, pectic acid liquefying activity and CMC saccharifying activity for filtration rate were 22.0%, 18.3%, 9.7% and 8.4%, respectively. The correlation coefficient (r) between mash viscosity and filtration rate was -0.772 (significant at 1% level).View full abstractDownload PDF (411K) -
Masahide KAWANO, Yukihiko YAMAGUCHI, Ryo TATSUKAWA1983 Volume 57 Issue 4 Pages 313-317
Published: 1983
Released on J-STAGE: November 21, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSHexabromobenzene (HBB) is a commonly used flame retardant. It is mainly used indoors, and its estimated annual production was about 900 tons in Japan in 1976.
Hexane solutions of HBB were exposed to sunlight, fluorescent lamps and high pressure mercury lamps, and the residual as well as photodegradation products were determined by GC and GC-MS. The HBB half lives under sunlight, fluorescent lamps and high pressure mercury lamps were 150, 6400 and 3.2min, respectively. Penta-, tetra-, tri- and di-bromobenzene were found as photodegradation products. The same stepwise debromination process occurred under these three irradiation sources but at different rates. In the case of sunlight, the degradation rate of HBB depended on the diurnal light intensity. Hexachlorobenzene (HCB) showed a half life that was about three times longer than HBB under a high pressure mercury lamp, which indicates the higher photodegradability of HBB. The photodegradation processes and the environmental fate of HBB and its impact on biota are also discussed.View full abstractDownload PDF (373K) -
Yoshihiko IRIKI, Hiroshi MINAMISAWA1983 Volume 57 Issue 4 Pages 319-321
Published: 1983
Released on J-STAGE: November 21, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSFree sugars in the leaf, stem and root of Hydrastis canadensis L. were extracted by boiling with 80% aqueous ethanol and characterized by paper chromatography, gas chromatography and various chemical methods.
Alkaline silver nitrate positive substances were detected by paper chromatography; eleven kinds in the leaf, ten kinds in the stem and nine kinds in the root. D-Galactose and a ribitol-like substance seemed to be characteristic components of this plant. In addition, sucrose, D-fructose, D-glucose and inositol were identified.
The ratios of D-glucose: D-fructose: inositol D-galactose: ribitol-like substance in the monosaccharide fraction of the leaf, stem and root were 1:0.78:1.02:0.07:0.01, 1:0.10:0.01:0.02:0.001, 1:1. 39:0.29:0.00:0.02, respectively.View full abstractDownload PDF (214K) -
Hiromichi NII, Kiyoshi FURUKAWA, Mitsuo IWAKIRI, Takashi KUBOTA1983 Volume 57 Issue 4 Pages 323-327
Published: 1983
Released on J-STAGE: November 21, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSIn the previous paper, we reported on the constituents of the essential oils of M. thunbergii Sieb. et Zucc. grown in Ibaraki-city (Osaka prefecture) and Yawata-city (Kyoto prefecture).
In this paper, we report on the constituents of the essential oil from fruit of M. thunbergii Sieb. et Zucc. grown in five districts: Shiga-cho (A), Kohoku-cho (B) and Otsu-city (C) of Shiga prefecture; Toba-city (D) of Mie prefecture; and Tsuruga-city (E) of Fukui prefecture. The oil components of matured whole fruits were investigated.
The major oil components were as follows: in (A) trans-β-ocimene (72.5%), cisβ-β-ocimene (6.2%) and α-pinene (3.4%);
(B) α-pinene (16.1%), trans-β-ocimene (11.1%) and α-zingiberene (6.8%);
(C) cis-β-ocimene (24.2%), α-pinene (14.0%) and trans-β-ocimene (11.9%);
(D) α-terpineol (14.7%), cis-β-ocimene (10.9%) and trans-β-ocimene (7.4); and (E) α-zingiberene (8.7%), α-phellandrene (6.4%) and cis-β-ocimene (6.3%).View full abstractDownload PDF (311K) -
Hiroshi OGAWA, Satoshi IMAI, Toshikatsu SHIMIZU, Atsuyuki SATOH, Takas ...1983 Volume 57 Issue 4 Pages 329-331
Published: 1983
Released on J-STAGE: November 21, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSBialaphos (2-amino-4-(hydroxy) (methyl) phos. phinoyl-butyryl-alanyl-alanine) is a new herbicide produced by Streptomyces hygroscopicus. As this compound has a methyl group in its structure, vitamin B12 may play an important role in its production. We isolated mutants which showed a vitamin B12 requirement in the production of bialaphos. Using these mutants, we found that bialaphos production was proportional to vitamin B12 concentration, and estimation was made utilizing this phenomenon. Although the detectable concentration was relatively high (1 to 5ng/ml) compared with other assay method, this new method may be useful in estimations of vitamin B12 in commercial reparations or in some samples from natural sources, even in the presence of antibiotics.View full abstractDownload PDF (230K) -
Sachio MATSUMOTO1983 Volume 57 Issue 4 Pages 333-343
Published: 1983
Released on J-STAGE: November 21, 2008
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Masashi ASAEDA, Ryozo TOEI1983 Volume 57 Issue 4 Pages 345-353
Published: 1983
Released on J-STAGE: November 21, 2008
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Kazuo MATSUMOTO, Ken-ichi NUNAMI, Mamoru SUZUKI1983 Volume 57 Issue 4 Pages 355-363
Published: 1983
Released on J-STAGE: November 21, 2008
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[in Japanese]1983 Volume 57 Issue 4 Pages 389-396
Published: 1983
Released on J-STAGE: November 21, 2008
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N.Y.1983 Volume 57 Issue 4 Pages 397-399
Published: 1983
Released on J-STAGE: November 21, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (289K) -
[in Japanese]1983 Volume 57 Issue 4 Pages 400-402
Published: 1983
Released on J-STAGE: November 21, 2008
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