Nippon Nōgeikagaku Kaishi

On Screening Microorganisms That Decompose Sporobolomyces Red Yeast Cell Wall and Cultural Conditions for Lytic Enzyme Production

Atsushi SHIRAISHI, Hisao FUJII

1983 Volume 57 Issue 2 Pages 123-128
Published: 1983
Released on J-STAGE: November 21, 2008

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1271/nogeikagaku1924.57.123

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A bacterium that decomposed the cell wall of Sporobolomyces ruberrimus was isolated from soil and termed No. 98 strain. This bacterium produced lytic enzyme in liquid medium containing NaOH-treated Sporobolomyces ruberrimus cells. For growth and lytic enzyme production by this bacterium, organic nitrogen, especially yeast extract and meat extract, provided favorable results but inorganic nitrogen was not effective. This lytic enzyme was produced inductively by NaOH-treated Sporobolomyces and Rhodotorula cells. Other carbohydrates inhibited the production of the lytic enzyme.

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Metabolism of Cycloheptanone by Nocardia sp.

Yoshie HASEGAWA, Tomokazu SEGAWA, Hitoshi OBATA, Tai TOKUYAMA

1983 Volume 57 Issue 2 Pages 129-134
Published: 1983
Released on J-STAGE: November 21, 2008

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1271/nogeikagaku1924.57.129

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A Nocardia sp. KUC-7N grown on cycloheptanone as the sole carbon source oxidized cycloheptanone, 1-oxa-2-oxo-cyclooctane, 7-hydroxyheptanoic acid and pimelic acid at high Q_O₂ rates. The cell-free extract of cycloheptanone-grown cells contained: NADPH-dependent cycloheptanone oxygenase that converted cycloheptanone to 1-oxa-2-oxo-cyclooctane, 1-oxa-2-oxo-cyclooctane hydrolase that converted 1-oxa-2-oxo-cyclooctane to 7-hydroxyheptanoic acid, and 7-hydroxyheptanoic acid dehydrogenase that converted 7-hydroxyheptanoic acid to pimelic acid. Cycloheptanone monooxygenase (specific activity: 4.25×10^-2 μmole of NADPH oxidized/min/mg of protein) consumed 1 μmole of NADPH and 1 μmole of O₂ in the presence of 1 μmole of cycloheptanone. The reaction sequence of the oxidation of cycloheptanone by Nocardia sp. KUC-7N was: cycloheptanone→1-oxa-2-oxo-cyclooctane→7-hydroxyheptanoic acid→pimelic acid.

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Constituents of Essential Oil of Leaves of Quercus dentata Thunb

Hiromu KAMEOKA, Hitoshi TSUJINO, Yasuyuki ASO

1983 Volume 57 Issue 2 Pages 135-138
Published: 1983
Released on J-STAGE: November 21, 2008

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1271/nogeikagaku1924.57.135

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The composition of the essential oil of dried leaves of Quercus dentata Thunb. was studied. A total of 60 components were identified. The characteristic oil aroma was mainly composed of volatile compounds in the benzene and ether fraction eluted by column chromatography. The compounds included: benzaldehyde, β-ionone, dihydro-actinidiolide, caryophyllene oxide, eugenol and aliphatic carbonyl compounds, such as tetradecanal.

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Novel Dehydrations and Dehydrogenations of Terpin Hydrates (1, 8- and 1, 4- Terpin)

Masato NOMURA, Yoshihito FUJIHARA

1983 Volume 57 Issue 2 Pages 139-142
Published: 1983
Released on J-STAGE: November 21, 2008

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1271/nogeikagaku1924.57.139

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Novel dehydrations and dehydrogenations of 1, 8-terpin hydrate (1) and 1, 4-terpin hydrate (2) were carried out using copper and zinc (Cu-Zn) system, synthetic zeolites (A-3, A-4, A-5 and F-9) or polar aprotic solvents [dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), N, N-dimethyl formamide (DMF), ethylene carbonate (EC) and sulfolane (SF)] as catalysts. With the Cu-Zn system catalyst, the dehydration or dehydrogenation of (1) and (2) gave α-terpinene (5) and 1-methyl-4-isopropenyl benzene (7), respectively, as major products. With DMSO or A-3 zeolite, the dehydration of (1) gave predominantly β-terpineol (10) in high yield (87%). With DMSO, EC or A-4 zeolite, terpinene-1-ol (11) was obtained from (2) as the main product, amounting to 84% of the dehydration product under the best conditions. With SF or F-9 zeolite, terpinene-4-ol (12) was obtained as the main product from (2) in high conversion (80_??_82%) among dehydration products.

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Role of Rennet in Cottage Cheese and Quarg Making

Ichiro SUZUKI, Kunio YAMAKAWA, Tokuzo KITADA, Toshiki MORICHI

1983 Volume 57 Issue 2 Pages 143-146
Published: 1983
Released on J-STAGE: November 21, 2008

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1271/nogeikagaku1924.57.143

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The effect of rennet was investigated on the quality of cottage cheese and quarg. Cottage cheese was made in a 35l tank or 8l bucket scale according to conventional procedure. Quarg was made in a 8l bucket, and the whey was separated from well-mixed curd by centrifugation. A firmer, sweeter and larger-size cottage cheese curd was obtained at cutting when an appropriate combination of rennet quantity and pH (acidity) was adopted. The use of rennet in cottage cheese making appears to increase the feasibility of controlling the curd quality (firmness, sourness, curd grain-size, etc.). On the other hand, in quarg making, rennet resulted in a heat-stable and a viscous curd. The proper quantity of rennet in cottage cheese and quarg were 0.025_??_0.1g/100kg and 0.1_??_0.5g/100kg, respectively.

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Butyl Esterification for Determination of Organic Acids in Sugars

Shoji SAITO, Takeshi MIKI, Hiroshi ITO, Minoru KAMODA

1983 Volume 57 Issue 2 Pages 147-149
Published: 1983
Released on J-STAGE: November 21, 2008

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1271/nogeikagaku1924.57.147

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Aqueous solution containing about 2mg of organic acid was neutralized with 1 _N-NaOH, and the solution was evaporated to dryness under reduced pressure at 40°C. Five milliliters of n-butanol, 0.7g of Amberlite CG 120 (H form, 200_??_300 mesh) and 2g of anhydrous sodium sulfate were added to a flask containing the dried material, and the mixture was refluxed for 2 hours. After esterification, 3_??_5ml of n-hexane was added and filtered through a filter paper. The filtrate was subjected to GLC analysis. This esterification procedure was simple and rapid.

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Constituents of Fruit from Lindera umbellata Thunb

Hiromichi NII, Kiyoshi FURUKAWA, Mitsuo IWAKIRI, Takashi KUBOTA

1983 Volume 57 Issue 2 Pages 151-154
Published: 1983
Released on J-STAGE: November 21, 2008

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1271/nogeikagaku1924.57.151

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The constituents of essential oils obtained from mesocarps and seeds of L. umbellata Thunb. grown in Ibaraki-city (Osaka prefecture), were investigated by chromatographical and spectral methods. A total of 62 compounds were identified. The major components of the seed oil were nerolidol, 1, 8-cineole, bornyl acetate and terpinyl acetate, while those of the mesocarp oil were 11-dodecen-1-al, dodecanal, β-selinene and eudesmol. 2', 6'-Dihy-droxy-4'-methoxychalcone and 4-methoxy-6-styryl-α-pyrone were found in the seed.

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Dextranase

Sadamasa MINATO

1983 Volume 57 Issue 2 Pages 155-166
Published: 1983
Released on J-STAGE: November 21, 2008

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1271/nogeikagaku1924.57.155

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[title in Japanese]

N. Y.

1983 Volume 57 Issue 2 Pages 193
Published: 1983
Released on J-STAGE: November 21, 2008

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1271/nogeikagaku1924.57.193

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[title in Japanese]

[in Japanese]

1983 Volume 57 Issue 2 Pages 194-196
Published: 1983
Released on J-STAGE: November 21, 2008

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1271/nogeikagaku1924.57.194

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