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Kazunobu FUJITAKA, Siro ABE
1984 Volume 33 Issue 6 Pages
343-349
Published: June 15, 1984
Released on J-STAGE: September 07, 2010
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Physical parameters on the exposure indoors from cosmic ray muons were determined in order to undertake computer simulations. The hitherto known information was compiled, and the unknowns were newly calculated. Assumptions and approximations required in making a practical model were also described. The stopping power and the range of muons in a normal concrete as well as the air were calculated for the energy up to hundreds GeV. The consistency of those results with ready-made tables was found satisfactory although the comparisons were available only in the low energy tail. The scattering effect of cosmic ray muons in building's interior was examined numerically through very simple model calculations. It was revealed that the overall scattering effect would be ignorable unless very small variations are wanted. The iron fraction in a reinforced concrete as well as the density of the concrete was also shown to be an ineffective factor.
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Kazunobu FUJITAKA, Siro ABE
1984 Volume 33 Issue 6 Pages
350-356
Published: June 15, 1984
Released on J-STAGE: September 07, 2010
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Computer simulations on the exposure indoors from cosmic ray muons were practiced in the framework of non-scattering and non-cascade assumptions. The model buildings were two-dimensional, rectangular, and were made of a normal concrete. A stratified structure was assumed in each building, where no mezzanine was considered. Walls were not taken into account yet. The distributions of the exposure rates in 26-story buildings were illustrated in contour maps for various sets of parameters. All of them gave basically archlike patterns. Analyses of the results showed that the exposure rate is affected most largely by the floor board thickness. The ceiling height would be an insignificant factor for short buildings. The min/max ratio of the muon exposure rate in a moderate size building was estimated to be more than 0.7.
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Yuichi KONDO, Masahiro SASAKI, Syojiro KIMURA
1984 Volume 33 Issue 6 Pages
357-362
Published: June 15, 1984
Released on J-STAGE: September 07, 2010
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For the purpose of speeding up the tritium enrichment by electrolysis, we have produced an electrolytic cell with the multi-plate-electrode system instead of the commonly used singleplate-electrode, and examined the efficiencies for the tritium enrichment under the conditions of different current densities and electrode gaps. From the results, the tritium recovery and the separation factor, S were found to be maximised under the condition of 70 mA/cm2 of current density and 1.6 mm of electrode gap, and' they were 90 percent and 23, respectively. Using this cell, it took 28 hours to reduce 100 ml of a sample water to 10 ml, and took 2 days, including the time required for other operations, to determine the tritium concentration of 1.85 Bq/l (50 pCi/I) with the counting error of within±10 percent. This method has been applied to determining the tritium concentrations of environmental samples from Yamato River region during July 1981' February 1983. They were in the range of 1.11-9.48 Bq/l (30-256 pCi/l) .
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Toshihiko NAKAMURA, Masayoshi AKISADA, Akiyo SHIGEMATSU
1984 Volume 33 Issue 6 Pages
363-369
Published: June 15, 1984
Released on J-STAGE: September 07, 2010
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Enzymatic synthesis of 11C-
(4) -L-aspartic acid was undertaken using commercially available wheat germ phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase. Whole-body distribution of the radioactive compound in rats showed higher accumulation in the salivary gland, glandular stomach and the pancreas, as well as in the lungs. Within 60 minutes after intravenous injection of 11C-
(4) -L-aspartic acid, about 60% is removed as 11CO
2 by expiration, indicating that the carbon atom at the fourth position of the radioactive compound is easily subjected to decarboxylation.
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Hideo YAMADA, Akira KURODA, Taeko INABA, Tami YATABE, Junichi NAGASHIM ...
1984 Volume 33 Issue 6 Pages
370-375
Published: June 15, 1984
Released on J-STAGE: September 07, 2010
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Automatic calculation of control charts for precision and accuracy of radioimmunoassay was reported by Faure, et al. Duplicate control samples independently measured was assumed to have a bivariate normal distribution. In this case they assumed that the correlation coefficient between each value of the pairs of control samples is zero. Our experience using this method revealed that a considerable number of assayed samples distributed outside the calculated control limits in case of “accuracy control”. It was considered that this happened because in radioimmunoassay the between-assays precision is usually larger than the within-an-assay precision and there is a significant correlation between values of duplicates. We also found equal probability density did not make a true circle but a long circle.Therefore in the present paper we proposed for control charts of radioimmunoassay an equal probability long circle calculated by bivariate analysis of Mahalanobis' generalized distance. It was found that a Mahalanobis' long circle could explain the density distribution of radioimmunoassay with a reasonable percent of samples outside the calculated control limits. What happened here can be interpreted by a large between-assays variability shown by some commercial kits. This automatic calculation method could be applied not only for quality control but also for evaluation and comparison of radioimmunoassay system or commercial kits. Control survey could also be analyzed by such a method.
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Yoshiaki TERAUCHI, Sachiko WATARI, Yuzo UTSUI, Yutaka SEKINE
1984 Volume 33 Issue 6 Pages
376-379
Published: June 15, 1984
Released on J-STAGE: September 07, 2010
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An improved procedure for the sensitive determination of the neuroleptic drug, haloperidol, in human serum is described. The method is based on a single hexane extraction procedure and a radioimmunoassay. Antiserum was elicited in guinea pigs immunized with haloperidol hemisuccinate derivative coupled to bovine serum albumin. Any appreciable cross-reactivity was observed neither with known metabolites of haloperidol nor with haloperidol decanoate (KD-136) . Some devices in the extraction procedure, e.g. the use of 10 ml of extraction solvent, made it possible to measure haloperidol levels as low as 0.05 ng/ml. The accuracy and reproducibility of the method were shown to be sufficient.The present method can be used to study the pharmacokinetics of haloperidol in the phase 1 study of KD-136. In addition, it is simple enough for use in clinical laboratories that are monitoring haloperidol concentrations in the blood of psychiatric patients.
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Kazutami TORIZUMI, Masashi MORIYAMA, Yukiharu OKAMOTO, Eiji SHIMIZU, K ...
1984 Volume 33 Issue 6 Pages
380-382
Published: June 15, 1984
Released on J-STAGE: July 21, 2010
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Kanji KASAGI, Tadako KOUSAKA, Takashi MISAKI, Tetsuo NAKAJIMA, Keigo E ...
1984 Volume 33 Issue 6 Pages
383-386
Published: June 15, 1984
Released on J-STAGE: July 21, 2010
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Tokio SANKE, Michi KONDO, Eiichi SATOGAMI, Yoshihiro MORIYAMA, Kishio ...
1984 Volume 33 Issue 6 Pages
387-390
Published: June 15, 1984
Released on J-STAGE: July 21, 2010
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Makoto NAKAZONO, Toshihiro TSUTSUI, Shiro KOSAKA, Keiichi Lee, Kazuo T ...
1984 Volume 33 Issue 6 Pages
391-394
Published: June 15, 1984
Released on J-STAGE: July 21, 2010
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Shinichi OKUYAMA, Hitoshi MISHINA, Takashi MATSUSHIRO
1984 Volume 33 Issue 6 Pages
395-396
Published: June 15, 1984
Released on J-STAGE: July 21, 2010
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Yoshito IKADA
1984 Volume 33 Issue 6 Pages
397-406
Published: June 15, 1984
Released on J-STAGE: July 21, 2010
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Takeshi IINUMA, Toru MATSUMOTO, Hiroo IKEHIRA, Yasuto SASAKI
1984 Volume 33 Issue 6 Pages
407-412
Published: June 15, 1984
Released on J-STAGE: July 21, 2010
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Toshio NAMBARA
1984 Volume 33 Issue 6 Pages
413-422
Published: June 15, 1984
Released on J-STAGE: July 21, 2010
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1984 Volume 33 Issue 6 Pages
A41P-A64M
Published: June 15, 1984
Released on J-STAGE: July 21, 2010
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