All issues
Volume 13, Issue 2
Displaying 1-15 of 15 articles from this issue
- |<
- <
- 1
- >
- >|
-
Masamichi IKEDA, Lyuji OZAWA, Kazuto HATA, Yoshiharu SHINOZAKI, Gisuke ...1964Volume 13Issue 2 Pages 115-117
Published: March 15, 1964
Released on J-STAGE: September 07, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSRadium salt has been generally used for radioactive self luminous materials. However, this type of self luminous materials has many drawbacks; 1) the phosphor crystal is damaged and deteriorated by a-rays and brightness decreases, 2) γ-rays from radium have high energy and very hazardous. Recently, self luminous materials using /3-emitter instead of radium have been studied. In this paper the emission characteristics of ZnS-phosphors excited by tri-tium gas is described.
As phosphors cubic-ZnS: Cu: Cl (φ=8μ) and hex-5 ZnS· 5 CdS: Ag: Cl (φ=6μ), which gave most intense emission, were used. Inner walls of a 9mmφ glass globe and a 5mmφ glass cylinder were coated with monolayer of phosphor crystals. After evacuating the globe or cylinder, tritium gas (>96%, 2 c) was introduced by a Toepler pump. Emission intensity was measured by RCA-931 A photomultiplier tube.
The relationship between emission intensity and pressure of tritium gas is shown in Fig.2. Emission intensity increased with increasing tritium gas pressure, but in high pressure region, the emission efficiency decreased gradually. The phenomena can be explained by the self-ab-sorption of tritium /3-rays, which is expressed by the following equation.
N=N∞(1-e-μx) (1)
N: apparent radioactivity
N∞: apparent radioactivity at infinite thickness
μ: self-absorption coefficient
χ: thickness of tritium gas
The emission intensity (L) is proportional to the apparent radioactivity (N) .
Thus eq. (2) is obtained from eq. (1) .
L=L∞(1-e-μχ) (2)
The self-absorption coefficient (μ) is proportional to the pressure of tritium gas. On the other hand, the factor (x) can be assumed to be constant in our systems.
Therefore,
L=L∞(1-e-KP) (3)
K=kχ, k=μ/P
From the experimental results, L. and K were calculated using eq. (3) (Table 1) .
L∞ depends on the kind of phosphors and the shape of glass tube, and K depends only on the shape of glass tube. Solid lines in Fig. 2 are calculated curves obtained from eq. (3) using K and L∞ values. It is clear that experimental results can be expressed by eq. (3) .
The absolute measurement of the emission intensity was made at 0.28 atm of tritium gas and found to be 44.3 microlamberts. Putting the values in eq. (3), L∞ is calculated to be about 160 microlamberts for 9 mmφ cubic-ZnS: Cu: Cl.
No decrease in brightness due to phosphor deterioration has been observed during these three months.
The self luminous lamp excited by tritium gas may be useful as a standard light source.View full abstractDownload PDF (315K) -
-Determination of Trace Amounts of Silver-Shizo HIRANO, Atsushi MIZUIKE, Eiichiro NAKAI1964Volume 13Issue 2 Pages 118-121
Published: March 15, 1964
Released on J-STAGE: September 07, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSIsotopic exchange reaction between silver in aqueous ammoniacal solution and silver-110m-labeled silver diethyldithiocarbamate in carbon tetrachloride is applied to the determination of trace amounts of silver in aqueous solution. The decrease in radioactivity of the organic phase due to the isotopic exchange reaction is measured for the determination. The error is within 5% over the range 1 to 20 μg of silver, and the time required for a determination is about 15 min. The method is successfully applied to the analysis of high-purity lead without any preliminary separation.View full abstractDownload PDF (342K) -
Taiji SCHIMIZU, Kenzo TAGUCHI1964Volume 13Issue 2 Pages 122-128
Published: March 15, 1964
Released on J-STAGE: September 07, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSExcised gill pieces of Mytilus edulis incubated at 25°for one hour with 14C-glucose took up 14C-glucose. Glucose taken up by the gills rapidly incorporated into glycogen in one way and was oxidized to respiratory CO2 in another. Dinitrophenol and monoiodoacetic acid which inhibited crawling velocity of the gills, inhibited the glucose incorporation into the gill glycogen. It was also shown by autoradiographic study that metabolically active glycogen was concentrated into the intercellular spaces abutting on the ciliated cells inside of a ciliated groove. Thus, we concluded that ciliary movement relates closely with the metabolism of glycogen in the intercellular spaces abutting on the ciliated cells inside of a ciliated groove.View full abstractDownload PDF (7326K) -
Diagnosis of Thyroid Diseases by 131I-triiodothyronine Red Blood Cell Uptake and Resin Sponge UptakeFumio KINOSHITA, Yasuyoshi KIRYU, Jyuro ARAI1964Volume 13Issue 2 Pages 129-140
Published: March 15, 1964
Released on J-STAGE: September 07, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSUsing 131I-triiodothyronine the thyroid function test with 131I-T3 red blood cell uptake and resin sponge uptake were performed for more than 800 blood and 300 sera respectively.
1) Results of the test were as follows: 131I-T3 red blood cell uptake were 11.0-17.5% (average 14.4%) for 18 normal male persons and 8.7-18.5% (average 12.4%) for 96 females: 16.7-35.1% (average 26.7%) for 13 male cases with hyperthyroidism and 12.5-43.3% (average 22.2%) for 87 female cases: 3.1-9.8% (average 7.8%) for 9 cases hypothyroidism: 8.2-17.2% (average 12.3%) for 21 cases of non toxic nodular goiter: 7.5-16.8% (average 12.3%) for 57 cases of non toxic diffuse goiter: 9.3-14.0% (average 11.9%) for 11 cases of malignant goiter: 10.0-21.4% (average 14.6%) for 11 cases of subacute thyroiditis: 9.7-14.9% (average 12.0%) for 14 cases of chronic thyroiditis. 131I-T3 resin sponge uptake were 31.8-41.7% (average 32.0%) for 34 normal females: 45.0-68.5% (average 58.4%) for 35 cases with hyperthyroidism; 20.0-25.1% (average 22.3%) for 5 cases with hypothyroidism; 30.0-39.2% (average 31.5%) for 12 cases of non-toxic nodular goiter; 22.3-36.7% (average 33.0%) for 7 cases of non toxic diffuse goiter; 33.7% for a case of malignant goiter: 30.8% for a case of subacute thyroiditis; 26.2-35.9% (average 30.1%) for 6 cases of chronic thyroiditis.
2) Two tests were compared with 131I thyroidal uptake and basal metabolic rate. They demonstrated less overlapping of the results among the hyperthyroid, normal and hypothyroid persons in comparison to the other 2 tests, and also showed other superior points.
3) In cases with hyperthyroidism which were effectively treated with 131I, results of the test obtained before and after the treatment demonstrated a significant parallelism with clinical symptoms and other laboratory data. Results of the test returned to normal when cured effectively, as the basal metabolic rate responded similarly. In contrast, 131I thyroidal uptake has not been valid often such a treatment given.
4) Two tests demonstrated only slight overlap in those results among hyperthyroid, normal and hypothyroid persons, and thus they are very helpful in diagnosis of various thyroid diseases. Both tests can be done without giving131I to patients, and need only a few milliliters of patient's blood. Since their results are only minimally influenced by exogenous iodide, they are useful in post-therapeutic observation of patients after131I, anti-thyroid agents and thyroid extracts were given.
5) In contrast to131I-T3 red blood cell uptake, 131I-T3 resin sponge uptake need not to worry about hemolysis, it is not influenced by hematocrit values and further it is extremely simple and safe because serum samples are easy to be stored and easy to prevent from contamination.View full abstractDownload PDF (1510K) -
Hiroshi YASUKOCHI1964Volume 13Issue 2 Pages 141-149
Published: March 15, 1964
Released on J-STAGE: September 07, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSTo evaluate the value of the hepatoscintigram, the cases in our department were analysed: —
1) The scintigrams were classified into four types— normal type, cirrhotic type, swelling type and defect type. And the details of these types were explained. As the results normal cases are popular in normal type, cirrhosis in cirrhotic type and space occupying lesion in defect type.
2) Minimal detected defect diameter is considered about 3cm by the examination of several autopsy and operated cases.
3) The characteristics of the cirrhotic type were demonstrated though our views are different from those reports already published, and the nature and/or ability of the scintigrams were emphasized.
Comparing the hepatoscintigrams with other examinations, the scintigram is one of the very useful examination of the liver, and as the routine examination it is rather easier method.View full abstractDownload PDF (9923K) -
Ichiro KURAMITSU, Shyozo YUWATA, Hisao SHIBATA, Naoyuki KIRIHARA, Yosh ...1964Volume 13Issue 2 Pages 150-158
Published: March 15, 1964
Released on J-STAGE: September 07, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe distribution of203Hg-neohydrin has been studied by means of injection into the tail vein of rats. We know that the chief distributed organ of203Hg-neohydrin is the kidney and on the autoradiogram the blackend dots there are predominantly into the convoluted tubuli.
When ten microcuries of203Hg-neohydrin were injected into the vein of the normal adults also and patients with nephritis or liver diseases disappearance of203Hg-neohydrin from blood stream was proved as follows: in the normal adult it gets to half within one hour and in the patient with nephritis or liver diseases the disappearance of203 Hg-neohydrin to half takes longer. The rate of prolongation was parallel with severity of illness but independent probably of grade of oedema or hypoproteinemia.
We think that the renal scan is a kind of the most useful research techniques for evidence of the damage of renal parenchyma and moreover, the renal scan with the pyelography is the most advantageous method with regard to differential diagnosis of the upper abdominal tumors, and this technique gives no pain to the patients too.View full abstractDownload PDF (12112K) -
Jugoro TAKEUCHI, Yoshihito TAKAZAWA, Masamichi SAITO, Kazuyuki KOBAYAS ...1964Volume 13Issue 2 Pages 159-167
Published: March 15, 1964
Released on J-STAGE: September 07, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe radioisotope renogram has been widely used as a screening test for unilateral renal diseases and as a method for evaluating renal function in bilateral renal diseases. However, its analysis is still rather empirical or semi-quantitative and the thoroughly quantitative interpretation remains to be studied. In this paper a new method for its evaluation is described and clinical application of the renogram in the field of internal medicine is discussed. We proposed a new index to be applied to the renogram as a quantitative test of renal function and called it tentatively the Renal Function Index (RFI) . This index is based on measurements of the initial spike (a), the height of peak point (b), the time from point A to point B (d) and the height of the third segment at the time of d from B (f) and can be calculated by the following formula: RFI= (b/a-f/b) ×1/d. In 12 normal subjects, the mean of RFI was 0.36±0.04 and the ratio of the right kidney to the left 0.98±0.15. Values of RFI were also found to be satisfactorily reproducible in both normal and renal diseases. Features of our index are: 1) it can evaluate the three segments of the renogram as a whole, 2) the calculation is simple, and 3) the time needed for renography is relatively brief.
For evaluating renal function in bilateral renal diseases, the correlation coefficient between RFI and renal plasma flow was calculated in 12 cases of chronic glomerulonephritis and 26cases of essential hypertension, a value of +0.81 being obtained. Because of this highly correlated relationship, RPF could be roughly estimated from values of RFI.
The clinical value of renography as a screening test for detecting unilateral renal diseases was compared with those of intravenous pyelography and aortography. Renography was found to be useful for detecting unilateral renal diseases equally to intravenous pyelography and aortography.
Renograms in hydration and dehydration states were compared in 56 cases of normal, essential hypertension, chronic glomerulonephyitis and unilateral diseases. Values of RFI were usually smaller in the dehydrated state than in the hydrated state, with no specificity to any particular diseases being observed.
Influences of Rontyl (hydroflumethiazide) on the renogram were investigated in 28 subjects. RFI values of five cases out of 28 were significantly improved by intravenous administration of 25 mg of Rontyl. Four of the above five cases were found to be essential hypertension with lower values of RPF. Such an improvement was seldom encountered in chronic glomerulonephritis with the same level of RPF.View full abstractDownload PDF (2830K) -
[in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese]1964Volume 13Issue 2 Pages 168-169
Published: March 15, 1964
Released on J-STAGE: July 21, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (188K) -
[in Japanese]1964Volume 13Issue 2 Pages 170-172
Published: March 15, 1964
Released on J-STAGE: July 21, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (320K) -
[in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese]1964Volume 13Issue 2 Pages 173-175
Published: March 15, 1964
Released on J-STAGE: July 21, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (302K) -
[in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese]1964Volume 13Issue 2 Pages 176-181
Published: March 15, 1964
Released on J-STAGE: July 21, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (8221K) -
[in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese]1964Volume 13Issue 2 Pages 182-186
Published: March 15, 1964
Released on J-STAGE: July 21, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (588K) -
[in Japanese]1964Volume 13Issue 2 Pages 187-195
Published: March 15, 1964
Released on J-STAGE: July 21, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (2988K) -
[in Japanese]1964Volume 13Issue 2 Pages 196-204
Published: March 15, 1964
Released on J-STAGE: July 21, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (882K) -
1964Volume 13Issue 2 Pages A587-A16
Published: March 15, 1964
Released on J-STAGE: July 21, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (6779K)
- |<
- <
- 1
- >
- >|