RADIOISOTOPES

Determination of Fission Products and Uranium Atoms Ejected from the Surface of Uranium-Aluminium Alloys and Uranium Metals

Tetsuo HASHIMOTO

1972Volume 21Issue 11 Pages 635-640
Published: November 15, 1972
Released on J-STAGE: September 07, 2010

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.3769/radioisotopes.21.11_635

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The amounts of fission products and uranium on an aluminium collector, which was placed near toU-Alalloys andUmetals during the neutron irradiation, were determined by gamma ray spectrometry using aGe (Li) detector and by fission tracks on a muscovite.
The ejection rate of FP against²³⁵Uatom in unit weight fromUmetals was evaluated to about 2.6 times higher value compared toU-Alalloys. This result was attributed to the difference of fission fragment ranges in these materials, which have been reported previously by two works.
From the amounts of uranium and the total number of fission fragments on the collector, the uranium atoms knocked out by one fragment (applied thermal neutron fluence: 8.42×10¹⁶cm^-2) were calculated to 0.28 and 233 forU-Alalloys andUmetals, respectively. The great difference between two materials implies that aluminium inU-Alalloys plays a very important role to retard the ejection of uranium atoms from the surface.

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Air Pollution Analysis by the Energy Dispersive X-Ray Spectrometry Using Radioisotopes

Takashi TANEMURA, Hiroshi SUITA

1972Volume 21Issue 11 Pages 641-647
Published: November 15, 1972
Released on J-STAGE: September 07, 2010

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.3769/radioisotopes.21.11_641

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Energy dispersive X-ray spectrometry using radioisotopes has been applied to the analysis of aerosol samples. Radioisotope sources, ²³⁸Pu and⁵⁵Fe, were used for the excitation of characteristic X-rays above 5 keV and below 5 keV, respectively. The spectrometer system is equipped with aSi (Li) detector whose resolution is 198 eV (FWHM) for Mn Kα X-rays. Aerosol samples were collected on glass fiber filters by means of an air sampler.
K X-rays ofS, Cl, Ca, Mn, Fe, Ni, Cu, ZnandBr, and L X-rays of Pb have been observed in the spectra emitted from aerosol samples. Quantitative analyses ofS, Cl, Fe, CuandPbhave been carried out. Thin polymer films containing wanted elements were made as the reference standards for the quantitative analyses. A method for the matrix correction using characteristic X-rays emitted from the glass fiber filter is proposed. This method, which is useful for samples of medium thickness, was applied for correcting X-ray intensities ofSandCl.As the experimental results, atmospheric concentrations of above elements in aerosol samples range in 0.9-5.2 /μg/m³forS, 0.2-6.4 μg/m³forCl, 0.6-7.0μg/m³forFe, 0.03-0.24 μg/m³for Cu and 0.10-0.70, μg/m³ for Pb, respectively. Analytical results forCuandPbrelate to results obtained by atomic absorption forCuand polarography forPb, with average differences of 0.063 μg/cm²for the concentration range from 0.2 to 2.0 μg/cm²ofCuand 0.36 μg/cm²for the concentration range from 0.6 to 6 μg/cm²ofPb, respectively.

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Affinity of Lanthanons for Malignant Tumor (II)

Atsushi ANDO, Kin-ichi HISADA

1972Volume 21Issue 11 Pages 648-653
Published: November 15, 1972
Released on J-STAGE: September 07, 2010

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.3769/radioisotopes.21.11_648

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Affinity of¹⁶⁹Yb and¹⁷⁰Tmfor the malignant tumor was examined. Citrates or chlorides of these elements were prepared and injected intravenously to the rats which had subcutaneously transplanted Yoshida sarcoma and these rats were sacrificed 3 hours, 24 hours and 48 hours after injection. The radioactivities of the tumor, blood, muscle, liver, kidneys and spleen were measured by a well type scintillation counter.
The retention values in these organs were calculated and expressed as a percent dose per gram-tissue weight. The retention values of¹⁶⁹Yb, ¹⁷⁰Tmin tumor were 0.7% /g-1.1%/g (to administered dose) and these values were similar to that of gallium. At 24 hours after injection, tumor-muscle concentration ratio of¹⁶⁹Yband¹⁷⁰Tmwere 24-52, tumor-blood concentration ratio of¹⁶⁹Yband¹⁷⁰Tmwere 43-57, tumor-bone concentration ratio of¹⁶⁹Yband¹⁷⁰Tmwere 0.4-0.3. Values of tumor-muscle and tumor-blood concentration ratio of¹⁶⁹Yband¹⁷⁰Tmwere far superior to that of⁶⁷Ga, but values of tumor-bone concentration ratio of¹⁶⁹Yband¹⁷⁰Tm were inferior to that of⁶⁷Ga.Tumorliver concentration ratio of¹⁶⁹Yband¹⁷⁰Tmwere larger than that of⁶⁷Ga, but tumorkidney concentration ratio of¹⁶⁹Yband¹⁷⁰Tmwere smaller than that of⁶⁷Ga.In our experiments using croton oil-induced inflammation in the rats, ¹⁶⁹Ybalso had strong affinity for inflammation.
The chemical form of¹⁶⁹Yband¹⁷⁰Tmsuitable for the selective uptake by tumor cells should be carrier free or having a little carrier and able to produce the ions of these elements easily in the body.¹⁶⁹Yband¹⁷⁰Tmwere similar to⁶⁷Gain affinity for the malignant tumor and various organs, but these two elements were more rapidly taken up in the bone from blood than⁶⁷Ga.

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Renal Scintigraphy and Renography with ²⁰³Hg-Salyrgan

Shigeru IYORI, Tadamichi MASUOKA

1972Volume 21Issue 11 Pages 654-658
Published: November 15, 1972
Released on J-STAGE: September 07, 2010

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.3769/radioisotopes.21.11_654

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Thirty-five cases with a variety of renal diseases in internal medicine were subject to scintigraphy and renography with²⁰³Hg-Salyrgan. The scintigrams were evaluated from morphologically diagnostic point of view, while the reno grams were interpreted in comparison with the pattern of reno gram with¹³¹I-Hippuran.
In normal cases and slight orr moderate renal insufficiencies, it was suitable to start scanning with a scintiscanner or a scinticamera at 10 or 15 min post iv injection of²⁰³Hg-Salyrgan, so as to make a clear scintigram of kidney. The scintigraphic information of renal morphology is a great clinical value in renal diagnosis.
In severe renal insufficiency, any clear scintigram was not viewed.
The pattern of the reno gram with²⁰³Hg-Salyrgan was different from that of¹³¹I-Hippuran. The prolongation of at+bt value in the reno gram of²⁰³Hg-Salyrgan was indicative of insufficiency. Any reaction did not occur.

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Cross Contamination in Simultaneous Radiochemical Determination of Sr and Cs

Kiyoshi KODAIRA, Akito TSUMURA

1972Volume 21Issue 11 Pages 659-663
Published: November 15, 1972
Released on J-STAGE: July 21, 2010

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.3769/radioisotopes.21.11_659

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Discrimination of Liquid Level Using Backscattered Gamma-rays

Nobuo WAKABAYASHI

1972Volume 21Issue 11 Pages 664-666
Published: November 15, 1972
Released on J-STAGE: July 21, 2010

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.3769/radioisotopes.21.11_664

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The Use of Mini-Computers in High Energy Physics

Tadao FUJII

1972Volume 21Issue 11 Pages 667-674
Published: November 15, 1972
Released on J-STAGE: July 21, 2010

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.3769/radioisotopes.21.11_667

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Radiochemical and Analytical Techniques in the Use of Radioisotopes (XI)

The Use of Radioisotopes on the Studies of Drug Metabolism

Yoshishige SATO

1972Volume 21Issue 11 Pages 675-691
Published: November 15, 1972
Released on J-STAGE: July 21, 2010

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.3769/radioisotopes.21.11_675

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[title in Japanese]

1972Volume 21Issue 11 Pages A1291-A844
Published: November 15, 1972
Released on J-STAGE: July 21, 2010

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.3769/radioisotopes.21.11_A1291

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