RADIOISOTOPES

Absolute Activity Measurement of Tritium by Liquid Scintillation Counting

Osamu YURA

1971Volume 20Issue 10 Pages 493-497
Published: October 15, 1971
Released on J-STAGE: September 07, 2010

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.3769/radioisotopes.20.10_493

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The absolute activity of tritium was measured by liquid scintillation counting using a simplified efficiency tracing method in which ⁶⁰Co and ¹⁴C of known activities were employed as tracers. The activity of a tritium standard solution obtained from the Radiochemical Centre, U.K. was measured by this method within 1% of its original certified value.

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Biological Indicator for Radiosterilization of Medical Supplies and Comparison of the Microbiological Efficiencies of Cobalt-60 Plants

Shiyun TANABE, [in Japanese], Claus EMBORG, Kazushiro NAKANO

1971Volume 20Issue 10 Pages 498-504
Published: October 15, 1971
Released on J-STAGE: September 07, 2010

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.3769/radioisotopes.20.10_498

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Streptococcus faecium A₂l, Bacillus sphaericus CIA and spores of a strain classified as Bacillus cereus S6 were chosen as test strains for the control of radiosterilization procedure of disposable medical equipment.
The biological indicators from these three microorganisms were used for comparison of the microbiological efficiencies of three cobalt 60 plants (Japanese 2, Danish 1) . Identical doses of ionizing irradiation given at these plants have the same microbiological effect.
We recommend a minimum dose of 4.5 Mrad, if the contamination on the medical equipment to be sterilized is not known. If the initial count is known, we can compute a sterilization dose by means of the standard inactivation curves for above three strains.

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Use of Scintillation Camera and ¹³³Xe in the Observation of Disease of the Lung

Toyohiko HISHIDA, Hirotsugu MUNECHIKA, Takashi KITAHARA, Iwao AIDA, Hi ...

1971Volume 20Issue 10 Pages 505-510
Published: October 15, 1971
Released on J-STAGE: September 07, 2010

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.3769/radioisotopes.20.10_505

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Pulmonary function of 85 cases was studied by a scintillation camera to visualize as well as to record pulmonary uptake and clearance of ¹³³Xe administered either by inhalation or by intravenous injection.
To observe ventilation of the lung, xenon gas was administered into spirometer and breathed by the patient in a closed system. By breathing the room air after continuous breathing of xenon-oxygen mixture, the xenon was washed out from the lung of the patient. During these times, several serial scintiphoto grams and counting rate were obtained.
Likewise, to observe pulmonary perfusion, serial scintiphotos and measurement of radioactivity were obtained over the lungs, at first during breath holding after intravenous injection of ¹³³Xe dissloved in saline, and then during normal breathing, the ¹³³Xe being washed out from the alveoli.
These serial scintiphoto grams, using ¹³³Xe and scinticamera, provided a relatively simple means of measuring regional pulmonary arterial blood flow and ventilation. And these methods proved helpful in detecting regional ventilation and perfusion unbalance, and in observing disturvance of gas movement in obstructive disease of the lung.

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Comparison of Liver Scintigram Using Radioactive Technetium Heptasulfide (^99mTc) -Colloid with That Using Radioactive Gold (¹⁹⁸Au) -Colloid

Shunichi FUKAKUSA, Mayumi TSUKADA

1971Volume 20Issue 10 Pages 511-518
Published: October 15, 1971
Released on J-STAGE: September 07, 2010

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.3769/radioisotopes.20.10_511

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We performed the comparison of liver scintigram using radioactive technetium heptasulfide (^99mTe) -colloid with that using radioactive gold (¹⁹⁸Au) -colloid against the cases where remarkable alteration or variation was observed at the time of operation, biopsy or autopsy.
Fifty percent of entire cases reflected well patho-morphism alteration when ¹⁹⁸Au-colloid was used. While, it was 54%, when ^99mTc₂S₇-colloid was employed.
On the other hand, the rate of erroneous diagnosis was 8% in the former case, and in the latter, it was 3.8%.
Both types of liver scintigrams are more effective in order for observing constitution, shape, splenic shadow and blood clearance (Kv) . And, any significant difference of effects was not marked between these two types of liver scintigrams.
However, in the respect of dose, ^99mTc₂S₇-colloid is more advantageous than ¹⁹⁸Au-colloid, since it produces sharp scintigram with much less radiation dose.

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Liver Scintigraphy of ^99mTc₂S₇-Colloid

Katsushi WATANABE, Masataka INAKURA, Kenjiro KAWAHIRA, Yoshiyuki TAKED ...

1971Volume 20Issue 10 Pages 519-524
Published: October 15, 1971
Released on J-STAGE: July 21, 2010

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.3769/radioisotopes.20.10_519

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¹⁹⁸Au has been widely used for liver scintigraphy till now. However, as for detective capacity of liver tumor, ^99mTc is proved to be the better by the simple phantom experiment.
As a result of liver scintigraphy with ^99mTc₂S₇-colloid for 52 clinical examples, very fine scintigram was obtained without any side effect.
The detective capacity of intrahepatic tumor becomes higher. That is, by using scinticamera, very good scintiphoto can be obtained dosing 3-6 mCi of ^99mTc₂S₇-colloid under the condition of stopping the breath for only 10-20 sec.
Liver scintigraphy of ^99mTc₂S₇-colloid shows the remarkable accumulation of ^99mTc to spleen, so it is meaningless to talk about the existence (or non-existence) of spleen image as a symptom of disease.
Nevertheless, ^99mTc₂S₇-colloid will give a useful information for diagnosis of splenomegaly, because it provides a clear spleen figure in liver cirrhosis, in Banti's disease, etc.

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Biological Fate of l-1- (3, 4, 5-Trimethoxybenzyl) -6, 7-dibutyryl-1, 2, 3, 4-tetrahydroisoquinoline Tartrate (BAQ-509) in Rats

Juko SUGIHARA, Yoshishige SATO

1971Volume 20Issue 10 Pages 525-531
Published: October 15, 1971
Released on J-STAGE: September 07, 2010

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.3769/radioisotopes.20.10_525

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Absorption, distribution, excretion and metabolism of ³H-l-1- (3, 4, 5-trimethoxybenzyl) -6, 7-dibutyryl-1, 2, 3, 4-tetrahydroisoquinoline (³H-BAQ-509) and ³H-l-1- (3, 4, 5-trimethoxybenzyl) -6, 7-dihydroxy-1, 2, 3, 4-tetrahydroisoquinoline (³H-AQL-208) in the rat were investigated. When these compounds were orally administered in a dose of 12.5μmoles/kg, BAQ-509 was absorbed more easily than AQL-208. The absorption half-life of BAQ-509 was 80 minutes and that of AQL-208 was 190 minutes. Radioactivity (³H) in each tissue was the highest at one hour after administration of both drugs. When BAQ-509 was administered orally, almost all of the radioactivity in each tissue were found to be due to AQL-208 and its metabolites. The concentration of AQL-208 in the blood, liver, kidney at 20 minutes was 2-11 times higher after administration of BAQ-509 than after administration of AQL-208. Sixty seven per cent of the administered radioactivity of ³H-BAQ-509 was excreted in 48 hour-urine and 29% in 48 hour-feces. It was found that BAQ-509 was hydrolyzed, then was metabolized by either O-methylation or conjugation with glucuronic acid like AQL-208 was metabolized. Of the radioactivity excreted in the 4 hour-urine of rats given ³H-BAQ-509, the largest part (69.3%) was the glucuronide of AQL-208 and 29.3% was the glucuronide of O-methylated AQL-208.
In vitro study of esterase activity showed that the maximum velocity (v max) of esterase in the blood, small intestine and liver homogenates were 1 μmole per minute/ml, 80 μmole per minute/g and 110 μmole per minute/g respectively.

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Compensation Circuits for Dynamic Characteristics of Ionization Chamber

Takami KOYANAGI

1971Volume 20Issue 10 Pages 532-534
Published: October 15, 1971
Released on J-STAGE: July 21, 2010

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.3769/radioisotopes.20.10_532

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Clinical Experience of Liver Scintigram with ^99mTc₂S₇-Colloid

Tatuo SAITOH, Toyohiko NISHIO, Tomizo KATO, Bunshichi AOYAMA, Seiji TA ...

1971Volume 20Issue 10 Pages 535-537
Published: October 15, 1971
Released on J-STAGE: July 21, 2010

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.3769/radioisotopes.20.10_535

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Liver Scintigraphy with ^99mTc-sulfur Colloid

Hideto NISHIKAWA, Motomu KODAMA

1971Volume 20Issue 10 Pages 538-540
Published: October 15, 1971
Released on J-STAGE: July 21, 2010

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.3769/radioisotopes.20.10_538

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Radiogas Chromatographic Separation of ⁸²Br Recoil Products from the Irradiated Mixtures of Bromine and Chlorofluoromethanes

Takeshi TOMINAGA, Yoshihiro MAKIDE, Shigeharu OKADA, Yasushi KUNIMASA, ...

1971Volume 20Issue 10 Pages 541-542
Published: October 15, 1971
Released on J-STAGE: July 21, 2010

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.3769/radioisotopes.20.10_541

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Liver Scintigraphy

Ichiro KURAMITSU

1971Volume 20Issue 10 Pages 543-552
Published: October 15, 1971
Released on J-STAGE: July 21, 2010

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.3769/radioisotopes.20.10_543

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Use of Radioisotopes in Aluminium Industry

Kunio NISHIMURA, Tohru HIRAYAMA

1971Volume 20Issue 10 Pages 553-565
Published: October 15, 1971
Released on J-STAGE: July 21, 2010

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.3769/radioisotopes.20.10_553

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Radioimmunoassay (IV)

Separation of B (Bound) and F (Free)

Minoru IRIE

1971Volume 20Issue 10 Pages 566-571
Published: October 15, 1971
Released on J-STAGE: July 21, 2010

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.3769/radioisotopes.20.10_566

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[title in Japanese]

1971Volume 20Issue 10 Pages A1187-A740
Published: October 15, 1971
Released on J-STAGE: July 21, 2010

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.3769/radioisotopes.20.10_A1187

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