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Volume 62 (1996)
- Issue 6 Pages 857-
- Issue 5 Pages 723-
- Issue 4 Pages 547-
- Issue 3 Pages 347-
- Issue 2 Pages 189-
- Issue 1 Pages 3-
Volume 62, Issue 4
Displaying 1-28 of 28 articles from this issue
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Takeshi Miura1996 Volume 62 Issue 4 Pages 547-550
Published: July 15, 1996
Released on J-STAGE: February 29, 2008
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Takashi Yamakawa1996 Volume 62 Issue 4 Pages 551-554
Published: July 15, 1996
Released on J-STAGE: February 29, 2008
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Masashi Ando1996 Volume 62 Issue 4 Pages 555-558
Published: July 15, 1996
Released on J-STAGE: February 29, 2008
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Hideki Ushio1996 Volume 62 Issue 4 Pages 559-561
Published: July 15, 1996
Released on J-STAGE: February 29, 2008
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Kunio Shirakihara1996 Volume 62 Issue 4 Pages 562-564
Published: July 15, 1996
Released on J-STAGE: February 29, 2008
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Ziyusei Kanamoto1996 Volume 62 Issue 4 Pages 565-571
Published: July 15, 1996
Released on J-STAGE: February 29, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDaily catches of threeline grunt Parapristipoma trilineatum (CP) at the Toshima hook and line fishing ground was studied during April 1988 and March 1989. Total catch (TC) and CP had seasonal changes; many fish were caught in summer and few in winter, and the PC/TC ratio exceeded 30% between May and September. Daily changes of CP were closely related to the daily changes in the number of fishing boats that caught P. trilineatum (NFP) during June and September. Daily changes of CP and the fluctuation of tide level in a day (FTL) were positively corretated during June and September except for August, and the same relation was found between NFP and FTL. Sudden poor CP was caused by poor NFP and/or great changes of water temperature (CWT). Sudden poor NFP was caused by heavy rain, high wind, public holiday and so on. The daily changes of CP at the Toshima hook and line fishing ground were thus influenced by the tidal cycle and the rapid changes of CWT, which were caused by Kyucho.View full abstractDownload PDF (557K) -
Yukio Ueta1996 Volume 62 Issue 4 Pages 572-577
Published: July 15, 1996
Released on J-STAGE: February 29, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe vertical distribution and seasonal change of abundance of benthic shrimps and prawns were studied at six different depths between 10m and 60m in the Kii Channel around Tokushima Prefecture, Japan. Twenty-six species belonging to 16 genera of 11 families of shrimps and prawns were collected in 109 operations with small otter trawls from April 1988 to June 1991. Number of species for which more than 10, 000 individuals in total were collected was seven: Plesionika izumiae, Crangon consobrinus, Atypopenaeus stenodactylus, Parapenaeopsis tenella, Alpheus japonicus, Metapenaeopsis barbata and Trachypenaeus curvirostris. The total number of catches increased with depth from 10m to 60m. Numerically, P. izumiae ocurred most abundantly at 50-60m in depth which contained warm water mass from the Kuroshio while C. consobrinus at 10-30m was influenced by coastal water. P. izumiae increased owing to new recruitment from January to April and then decreased rapidly from April to July because of high fishing pressure. Cluster analysis based on the species similarity index indicated that the study area was divided into three zones: a nearshore zone (10-20m), a transition zone (30-40m) and an offshore zone (50-60m). Species diversity was high in the transition zone followed by the nearshore zone and low in the offshore zone.View full abstractDownload PDF (473K) -
Toshiro Maruyama, Masayo Okuzumi, Yoriyuki Satoh1996 Volume 62 Issue 4 Pages 578-585
Published: July 15, 1996
Released on J-STAGE: February 29, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSWhen one thousand individual Japanese flouns Paralichthys olivaceus of about 900g each were introduced into the closed foam separation-filtration system, changes with the passage of time in the quality of fish rearing seawater (15.5°C) and foam wastewater were examined. The foam separation-filtration system consisted of a fish rearing tank (seawater volume 10m3), two circulation pumps, two foam separating units equipped with air-inhale-discharge type aerator and a filter. The quality of fish rearing seawater was kept clean for several months without any works such as washing filter and changing fish rearing seawater to maintain seawater quality for the living fish. During the 18 hours after the fish were received in the fish rearing tank, the quality of the fish rearing seawater was kept at an average of pH, 7.5; DO, 101%; Turbidity, 0.22 FTU; SS, 0.32mg/l; DOC, 3.17mg/l; NH4-N. 0.80mg/l, N03-N, 47.2mg/l; total viable bacteria, 2.1×104 CFU/ml; and Vibrios, 1.2×103 CFU/ml. Foam generation volume was 30l/day. The foam separation-filtration system was very useful for removing pollutants from fish rearing seawater.View full abstractDownload PDF (606K) -
Takashi Tojima, Akihiko Kuwahara, Shingo Fujita1996 Volume 62 Issue 4 Pages 586-591
Published: July 15, 1996
Released on J-STAGE: February 29, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSLee's phenomen is apparent in the first ring radii on the scales readings of 1-4 years old the red sea bream Pagrus major caught from the Western Wakasa Bay. The compositions of the first ring radii on the scales of the fishing season in spring (April-June) and autumn (September-November), increased in the mean first ring radius from spring to autumn and decreased from autumn to spring in the following year, and the percentage occurrences of small first ring radius increased with their ages. Based upon the regional differences in the first ring radius on the scale of 1 year old fish in the Tsushima Warm Current area, is it partly caused by their movement and migration toward the northern or southern area.View full abstractDownload PDF (441K) -
Yukio Agatsuma, Keiji Matsuyama, Akifumi Nakata1996 Volume 62 Issue 4 Pages 592-597
Published: July 15, 1996
Released on J-STAGE: February 29, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSBimonthly observations of feeding activity of the sea urchin Strongylocentrotus nudus transplanted from coralline flats were carried out between September 1989 through July 1990 by providing the kelp Laminaria religiosa in Oshoro Bay, the Sea of Japan coast of Kokkaido, Japan.
Feeding activity of the sea urchins varied chiefly with their annual reproductive cycle. Feeding activity was high in May when their gonads were in the growing stage, while feeding activity was low in September when gonads were in the pre-mature. The sea urchins could not feed in winter due to low temperature (ca. 5°C) and high wave action.
It was suggested that the sea urchins on coralline flats should be transplanted to calm inlets before June and provided with the kelps as a diet in order to promote the growth of their gonads in short-period.View full abstractDownload PDF (385K) -
Yasuhiro Hayakawa, Terufumi Takeuchi, Shiro Yamamoto, Osamu Ichihashi1996 Volume 62 Issue 4 Pages 598-613
Published: July 15, 1996
Released on J-STAGE: February 29, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe temporal change in the algal population growth of Gymnodinium mikimotoi bloom in Tanabe Bay 1990 was simulated using a one-layer box model which consisted of two submodels for algal proliferation and transport. The algal proliferation process was modeled with daily proliferation rates that depended on its own maximal proliferation rates, light intensities and nutrients in the surrounding waters. The transport process was modeled with advective transport rates between inshore and offshore waters. It was assumed that water movements were induced by wind stress and came immediately to a steady state, with the gradient of sea surface level balanced with vertical eddy viscosity. Inshore cell densities were calculated at a daily interval, starting from an initial cell density of the dinoflagellates in the motile form which had overwintered, and varied according to both the daily proliferation rates and the transport rates associated with the offshore cell densities. Calculated cell densities were in general accord with the observed ones.View full abstractDownload PDF (1691K) -
Hideo Hori, Masahiro Tateishi, Kazufumi Takayanagi, Hisashi Yamada1996 Volume 62 Issue 4 Pages 614-622
Published: July 15, 1996
Released on J-STAGE: February 29, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe applicability of artificial seawater (APHA and LF) as a rearing seawater to examine the acute toxicity and bioconcentration of hazardous chemicals was investigated. The concentrations of hazardous metals in these artificial seawaters were determined and the vawes of LC50 and BCF for the artificial seawaters were compared with those for natural seawater.
The concentrations of Zn, Cd, Pb, Cu, Fe, Mn, As and Sb in the artificial seawaters were as low as those reported in natural seawater. The LC50 values of Cu and Cr(VI) in the artificial seawaters were about half of those obtained in natural seawater. On the other hand, no significant change was observed for LC50 of Hg, PCP-Na and PNP. EDTA included in the artificial seawater reduced the acutetoxicity of Cu. Differences in BCFs of Cd, α-HCH, TBP and PCP-Na were also small between natural and the artificial seawaters used in the experiments. These results suggest that artificial seawater not containing a large amount of EDTA (APHA or LF) was a suitable substitute for natural seawater for the toxicity tests using marine fish species.View full abstractDownload PDF (742K) -
Atsushi Yamasaki1996 Volume 62 Issue 4 Pages 623-630
Published: July 15, 1996
Released on J-STAGE: February 29, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe legal minimum size of male snow crab Chionoecetes opilio has been defined as 90mm carapace width regardless of the terminal molt in the Sea of Japan. However, the multiparous females mate with the terminal molt males, so it is questionable whether sufficient males can be expected under present fishing conditions. In this study, the sex ratio (the number of terminal molt males with hard-shell to the number of multiparous females) was estimated for a variety of minimum sizes and fishing intensities. Assuming that the sex raio 0.47 at no fishing might be reasonable, an optimum carapace width was proposed.
Thus, at present fishing intensity for both sexes, the minimum size of male carapace width was estimated at 95-100mm, and at one-half fishing intensity for females the size was estimated at 100-110mm. By increasing the estimated size, 95-100mm and 100-110mm, simultaneously, it was ascertained that catch values of males might increase by 6-14%, 10-20%, respectively, due to the decrease of soft-shell and pre-terminal molt crabs.View full abstractDownload PDF (598K) -
Yoichi Yoshida, Tokio Okino1996 Volume 62 Issue 4 Pages 631-637
Published: July 15, 1996
Released on J-STAGE: February 29, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSIn 1992, Microcystis and Anabaena blooms occurred in Lake Suwa from 10 June to 10 October, and the first and second peaks of TN (total nitrogen): DIN (dissolved inorganic nitrogen) and DON (dissolved organic nitrogen): DIN ratios in the water were found at near 10 July and 10 September. Microcystis viridis and Microcystis aeruginosa occurred with high cell densities near the first peak, and M. viridis and Anabaena flos-aquae occurred with high cell densities near the second peak. With regard to TP (total phosphorus): DIP (dissolved inorganic phosphorus) and DOP (dissolved organic phosphorus): DIP ratios, the positive peaks of these ratios were found near 10 July and the negative peaks near 10 September. These results suggest that TN:DIN and DON:DIN ratios are important factors which control the occurrence of Microcystis and Anabaena blooms, and TP:DIP and DOP:DIP ratios affect the constituent species of these blooms.
From these results, the relative increase of DON in water and inorganization of DON due to the symbiotic bacteria might have supplied DIN to Microcystis, as many bacteria with the same form were similarly found at the middle layer of mucilage slime of colonies of 3 species of genus Microcystis.View full abstractDownload PDF (578K) -
Hajime Kimura, Masahiro Notoya1996 Volume 62 Issue 4 Pages 638-641
Published: July 15, 1996
Released on J-STAGE: February 29, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSTissues of Ecklonia kurome Okamura were cultured in four sampling times (spring, summer, autumn, winter) for the explants (blade meristematic zone and stipe) under two temperatures (20 and 25°C) and in three media (ASP12-NTA, SW-II, and sterile sea water). A high rate of callus development independent of temperature was seen in tissues from the blade explant in July which was cultured in the medium of ASP12-NTA. Two color types of callus, pale yellow and brown, were formed from blade and stipe tissues. The brown calluses were cultured under 20°C, 30 μM m-2s-1 and 12L: 12D in a liquid medium of ASP12-NTA. Sporophyte-like plantlets differentiated from the callus within three weeks of culture.View full abstractDownload PDF (1006K) -
Sadao Shimeno, Yoko Saida, Toshimi Tabata1996 Volume 62 Issue 4 Pages 642-646
Published: July 15, 1996
Released on J-STAGE: February 29, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSResponses of hepatic NAD-and NADP-isocitrate dehydrogenase (NAD-and NADP-ICD) activities to dietary composition and feeding rates were examined in carp Cyprinus carpio and tilapia Oreochromis niloticus. Soluble NADP-ICD activity was relatively high in fish fed high carbohydrate diets and in those fed at high feeding rates probably causing an active lipogenesis. On the other hand, the activity was relatively low in starved fish and in those fed high lipid diets probably causing an inactive lipogenesis. This result together with the previous study on the enzyme distribution in fish tissues and hepatic cells suggest that the soluble enzyme of fish liver contributes to fatty acid biosynthesis through the supply of NADPH produced by the enzyme reaction. On the other hand, mitochondrial NAD-ICD activity remained practically constant, independent of the different dietary conditions. although its activity decreased slowly during prolonged starvation. This may indicate that the mitochondria enzyme contributes to the production of ATP through the supplementation of NADH to electron transport system.View full abstractDownload PDF (419K) -
Jingguo Zhang, Toshitaka Nishijima, Kimio Fukami1996 Volume 62 Issue 4 Pages 647-653
Published: July 15, 1996
Released on J-STAGE: February 29, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe influence of vitamin B12 concentration in the medium on the production of vitamin B12 binder by H. akashiwo was evaluated, and some of the chemical properties of the B12 binder and its effect on the growth of B12-requiring phytoplankton were determined.
H. akashiwo produced B12 binder and most of it was secreted into the culture medium. The amount of B12 binder secreted was dependent on the B12 concentration in the media for both pre-and test-cultures; the lower B12 concentration increased the secretion of B12 binder. The production rate of B12 binder was highest during the middle exponential growth phase when the alga was incubated at B12 concentrations of 2 ?? 20 ng/l; their production rates ranged from 0.11 to 0.21 fg B12/cell/day. The dissociation constant of bound B12, the complex of free B12 and B12 binder secreted by H. akashiwo, was 52.8ng/l (association constant=2.57times;1010M-1). Binding activity of B12 binder was stable at pH 8 ?? 9 and temperatures of 4 ?? 50°C, but labile under ultraviolet irradiation. The B12 binder inhibited the growth of B12-requiring phytoplankton including H. akashiwo itself and the effect of B12 binder was found to be non-specific.
The present study suggests that the B12 binder secreted by H. akashiwo could inhibit the growth of B12-requiring phytoplankton after blooms of H. akashiwo in natural seawater.View full abstractDownload PDF (498K) -
Yasuo Makinodan, Takayuki Nakagawa, Masashi Ando, Satoshi Matsuno1996 Volume 62 Issue 4 Pages 654-658
Published: July 15, 1996
Released on J-STAGE: February 29, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSAshi (elasticity) of kamaboko from white croaker Argyrosomus argentatus containing 1.5%NaCl in final concentration was weak as known already, but it was strengthened remarkably when the fish paste was set (or preheated) at 40°C for 30min. The ashi of thus obtained kamaboko closely resembled that of high grade kamaboko on the market, and the structure seemed to crowd when observed by electron microscope. The reinforcement effect of ashi by the setting at 40°C for 30min was hardly observed with Alaska pollack paste. However, when white croker paste was mixed to it, the effect appeared with the increase in the amount of white croker paste added. As above, it was elucidated that even if the amount of added NaCl is lowered to 1.5% (1.0% if salty taste is ignored), kamaboko from white croaker or containing its meat can make strong ashi if the salted paste is set at 40°C for 30min.View full abstractDownload PDF (1609K) -
Kõsaku Yasunaga, Yõichi Abe, Masakatsu Yamazawa, Ken-ich ...1996 Volume 62 Issue 4 Pages 659-668
Published: July 15, 1996
Released on J-STAGE: February 29, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSWalleye pollack frozen surimi was ground with 3.0% NaCl in the presence and absence of 0.3% food additive containing transglutaminase. The salt-ground meat was heated at 25°C or 40°C for various durations, followed by heating at 90°C for 30min to obtain kamaboko gels.
Quality of the kamaboko gel was evaluated from the changes in the breaking strength and breaking strain as a function of preheating time, as previously reported. In the present study, the crosslinking profile of myosin heavy chains of the same kamaboko gel was investigated. The results were as follows: (1) The addition of the additive containing transglutaminase remarkably accelerated the cross-linking reaction of myosin heavy chains in the salt-ground meat, accumulating cross-linked products with larger molecular sizes. (2) When such cross-linked products were accumulated in a large quantity, the breaking strength increased at a much higher rate than the increase in breaking strain of the same kamaboko gel.
Considering the rate of progressing of the cross-linking reaction between myosin heavy chains in the gel, the quality of the kamaboko thus formed was shown to be clearly different from that of the ordinary product.View full abstractDownload PDF (649K) -
Feng Zheng, Toshio Takeuchi, Kenzo Yoseda, Masato Kobayashi, Jun Hirok ...1996 Volume 62 Issue 4 Pages 669-676
Published: July 15, 1996
Released on J-STAGE: February 29, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSTwo feeding experiments were conducted to determine the requirement of larval cod Gadus macrocephalus for arachidonic acid (AA), eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) by feeding Artemia nauplii enriched with different levels of AA, EPA, and DHA.
The 20 ?? 22-day old larvae were fed Artemia enriched with different fatty acids for 11, 15 or 19 days. The larvae fed Artemia containing 7.46 ?? 8.94% EPA (dry matter basis) showed good growth and survival, but the survival at the 30 second vitality test was low. Feeding Artemia having EPA lower than 6.46% resulted in no improvement of growth, survival, and vitality. On the other hand, the larvae fed Artemia containing 1.56 ?? 2.10% DHA showed the best growth performances including vitality. The Artemia enriched with AA provided no improvement in survival and vitality for cod larvae.
It has been shown that adequate level of DHA in Artemia nauplii for cod larvae was estimated to be 1.6 ?? 2.1% on dry matter basis. Thus, DHA was found to be far superior to EPA as an essential fatty acid for larval cod.View full abstractDownload PDF (571K) -
Takanobu Goto, Kyoji Yoshino, Mitsuaki Sano, Isao Tomita, Hisashi Mura ...1996 Volume 62 Issue 4 Pages 677-678
Published: July 15, 1996
Released on J-STAGE: February 29, 2008
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Takashi Aoki, Seiichi Watanabe, Fumio Takashima, Nobuhiko Taniguchi1996 Volume 62 Issue 4 Pages 679
Published: July 15, 1996
Released on J-STAGE: February 29, 2008
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Masahira Hattori1996 Volume 62 Issue 4 Pages 680
Published: July 15, 1996
Released on J-STAGE: February 29, 2008
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Yoshiaki Nagamura, Kimiko Yamamoto, Akio Miyao, Masahiro Yano, Nori Ku ...1996 Volume 62 Issue 4 Pages 681-682
Published: July 15, 1996
Released on J-STAGE: February 29, 2008
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Nobuaki Okamoto1996 Volume 62 Issue 4 Pages 683-684
Published: July 15, 1996
Released on J-STAGE: February 29, 2008
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Nobuhiko Taniguchi1996 Volume 62 Issue 4 Pages 685-686
Published: July 15, 1996
Released on J-STAGE: February 29, 2008
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Ikuo Hirono1996 Volume 62 Issue 4 Pages 687-688
Published: July 15, 1996
Released on J-STAGE: February 29, 2008
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Norihiro Okada1996 Volume 62 Issue 4 Pages 689-690
Published: July 15, 1996
Released on J-STAGE: February 29, 2008
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