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Volume 64 (1998)
- Issue 6 Pages 957-
- Issue 5 Pages 755-
- Issue 4 Pages 583-
- Issue 3 Pages 368-
- Issue 2 Pages 171-
- Issue 1 Pages 1-
Volume 64, Issue 4
Displaying 1-23 of 23 articles from this issue
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Masao Adachi1998 Volume 64 Issue 4 Pages 583-587
Published: July 15, 1998
Released on J-STAGE: February 29, 2008
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Shoichiro Ishizaki1998 Volume 64 Issue 4 Pages 588-592
Published: July 15, 1998
Released on J-STAGE: February 29, 2008
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Masato Kinoshita1998 Volume 64 Issue 4 Pages 593-596
Published: July 15, 1998
Released on J-STAGE: February 29, 2008
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Tadashi Tokai1998 Volume 64 Issue 4 Pages 597-600
Published: July 15, 1998
Released on J-STAGE: February 29, 2008
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Hidemi Kumai1998 Volume 64 Issue 4 Pages 601-605
Published: July 15, 1998
Released on J-STAGE: February 29, 2008
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Kazuo Yabe, Sayuri Onodera, Megumi Makino, Minoru Suzuki, Kenji Kagosh ...1998 Volume 64 Issue 4 Pages 606-609
Published: July 15, 1998
Released on J-STAGE: February 29, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSPlanktonic larvae and just settled juveniles of the sea urchin, Strongylocentrotus intermedius, were irradiated with various quantities of UV rays, and the effects 24 hrs after keeping them under a condition 10 L:14 D at 16°C (larvae) or 17°C (juveniles) were observed. The results showed that blastula and pluteus larvae were seriously damaged by irradiation of UV-B (280-320nm) and UV-A (320-400nm). A critical dose of damaging UV (DUV) which induced more than 30% morphologi-cally abnormal larvae was 0.01kJ/m2 for blastula and 4-armed larvae. It gradually increased to 0.05 and 0.08kJ/m2 as the stage advanced to the 6-armed and 8-armed stages, respectively. No effects were observed for juveniles after 24hrs of irradiation of 0.7kJ/m2 DUV, but all the juveniles which received more than 0.2kJ/m2 died within 1 month. It was suggested that the reproduction of the sea urchin might be affected by sun light in shallow water, since a maximum of the mean daily amount of DUV was reported to be 0.7kJ/m2 in July, 1994, in Sapporo.View full abstractDownload PDF (358K) -
Yasushi Hirata1998 Volume 64 Issue 4 Pages 610-617
Published: July 15, 1998
Released on J-STAGE: February 29, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe effects of pretreatment of scallop shell spat-collectors on oyster Crassostrea gigas larval settlement were studied. Spat-collectors were pretreated by immersion in 1 mM L-DOPA, filtered seawater, surface seawater, filtered seawater with oyster shells or live adult oysters for 4 days. An average of 84% spats were found on spat-collectors pretreated in seawater with the presence of live adult oysters after 3 days of the settlement experiment. This settlement-inducing effect was increased by extending the pretreatment period and by increasing the number of adult oysters. The settlement-inducing effect decreased considerably when such pretreated spat-collectors were soaked in hot (50°C) water and dried. The results of these experiments confirmed that the pretreatment with live adult oysters increased the ratio of larval settlement to spat-collectors, and enabled the setting period to be reduced. The pretreatment of spat-collectors with live adult oysters could be applied to the large-scale artificial setting of oyster larvae.View full abstractDownload PDF (684K) -
Kiyoaki Kanashiro1998 Volume 64 Issue 4 Pages 618-625
Published: July 15, 1998
Released on J-STAGE: February 29, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSSettlement and migration of the early life stage spangled emperor were studied in the Hanechi region off the northern part of Okinawa island from 1984 to 1991, by means of underwater observations with SCUBA, samplings of juveniles gathered by lamp and with seine, and also release and recapture experiments of hatchery-reared juveniles.
Juveniles just after settlement, about 17mm in fork length (FL), were first observed in seagrass beds shallower than 3m depth in May and increased in number through July. After August they gradually moved out of the seagrass beds and disappeared after November. Samplings with fish-lamp and seine revealed that a peak of juvenile settlement took place in June, although a few individuals just before settlement were caught as late as in October. The reared juveniles, which were tagged and released in November when they were 5-6 months old and 104mm in mean FL, stayed within 3km of the release point until June of next year, and expanded their distribution range to the outer edges of the coral reef facing the open sea, which was 7km distant from the release point, in October.View full abstractDownload PDF (621K) -
Ei-ichi Hasegawa1998 Volume 64 Issue 4 Pages 626-630
Published: July 15, 1998
Released on J-STAGE: February 29, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSOptomotor reaction has been studied much to examine the visual function of fish. In this study, the optomotor reaction was utilized in order to measure the spectral sensitivity of fish under scotopic conditions, in which two species of cobaltcap silverside and medaka were investigated. Light of various wavelength was irradiated for the fish which had been fully adapted in the dark and the optomotor reaction of the fish was observed. The optomotor reaction developed more slowly in the darkadapted fish than in fish adapted in the irradiating light. When light of a wavelength giving an absorption maximum for the rod visual pigments of the fish was irradiated, the inhibition of the optomotor reaction was greatest. Thus, the spectral sensitivity curve for the optomotor reaction of dark-adapted fish coincided well with the absorption spectrum of the rod visual pigments in both the species of fish. The usefulness of this behavioral method for ascertaining the spectral sensitivity of fish under scotopic conditions was discussed.View full abstractDownload PDF (370K) -
Tsuyoshi Takayama, Hiroshi Inada, Toshihiro Watanabe1998 Volume 64 Issue 4 Pages 631-635
Published: July 15, 1998
Released on J-STAGE: February 29, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSTo apply the photosensory response of neon flying squid for fishing light technology, their eyeballs were investigated for retinomotor response and iris function to lighting conditions. The squid were kept under varied light intensity and duration in an onboard experimental tank. Their retinomotor response was examined histologically, and their iris function was observed between specimens with iris intact and those with iris removed. Adaptive response, which was in proportion to the quantity of light, was not recognized on the specimens with iris, but a significant response was found when the iris was removed. The results suggest that the squid has an iris function that shades excess light for their scotopic vision.View full abstractDownload PDF (1120K) -
Akihiko Nakayama, Yoshihiro Inoue, Yozo Tahara, Shozo Kobayashi, Masah ...1998 Volume 64 Issue 4 Pages 636-644
Published: July 15, 1998
Released on J-STAGE: February 29, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSIt is said that lines could be still made with silk as used to be done in Japan as a countermeasure against pollution by nylon fishing lines. However, it is not clear whether or not silk fishing lines would be decomposed biologically in marine environments. To answer this question, seawater was collected at six stations at the entrance of Tokyo Bay and sterile raw silk threads (27-denier) were added to these seawaters. The final concentrations of raw silk threads in the seawaters were 0.5%. The six seawaters with raw silk threads [silk-decomposing seawater media (SDS media)] were incubated for 2 months at 20°C. The tensile strengths of the raw silk threads in the three SDS media were clearly decreased at least after 2-month incubation. The degree of decomposition of the raw silk threads, which were observed visually, correlated approximately with the ammonia contents of the SDS media. When the incubated raw silk threads were examined microscopically, it was shown that the raw silk threads were split into more and finer filaments after 1-and 2-month incubation. These results suggest the possibility of decomposition of raw silk threads in marine environments.View full abstractDownload PDF (1152K) -
Masaki Ito1998 Volume 64 Issue 4 Pages 645-649
Published: July 15, 1998
Released on J-STAGE: February 29, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSTo investigate the migration pattern of ocellate puffer Takifugu rubripes in the northern Japan Sea, seventy-two specimens of adult ocellate puffer were tagged and released on October 19, 1994 in the waters off Hachimori, Akita prefecture, Japan. Although most recoveries were reported within the Japan Sea from the east side of the Noto Peninsula to the northern tip of Honshu Island, some of them were reported from the Sanriku area that is on the Pacific side of northern Honshu Island. Major recovery was observed in spring (spawning season of the puffer) near Nanao Bay in the Noto Peninsula. There was no recapture at the area on the western side of the Noto Peninsula.
These results suggest that most fishes of this stock in the northern Japan Sea migrate within the Japan Sea from the Noto Peninsula to the northern tip of Honshu Island and spawn in the Nanao Bay, while some migrate to the Pacific side of northern Honshu Island. They also indicate that the stock of the puffer in the northern Japan Sea is a different stock from that in the western part of the Noto Peninsula.View full abstractDownload PDF (379K) -
Sokjin Choi, Hisayuki Arakawa, Yoshihiko Nakamura, Takafumi Arimoto1998 Volume 64 Issue 4 Pages 650-657
Published: July 15, 1998
Released on J-STAGE: February 29, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe spectral distribution patterns of downward irradiance were studied in the squid jigging grounds of the Sea of Japan to examine fishing light transmittance according to the optical characteristics in areas and seasons. The optical water types in the summer season in the Sea of Japan can be classified into oceanic type IB-II for Shakotan peninsula offshore to western Akita prefecture, oceanic type II for northern Hyogo prefecture to San-in offshore, oceanic type II-III for northern Noto peninsula, northern San-in offshore and Tsushima offshore waters. In autumn, oceanic type II-III for San-in and III for Tsushima offshore waters were determined. The fishing light transmittance at 510nm wavelength was calculated as 6.27% at the depth of 50m for the optical condition of oceanic type IB-II, 2.77% for oceanic type II and 1.54% for oceanic type II-III. According to optical observations in the San-in and Tsushima fishing ground in autumn, the relative irradiance of fishing light at the depth of 50m can be estimated to be 34-51% of that in summer.View full abstractDownload PDF (564K) -
Shinpei Furuta1998 Volume 64 Issue 4 Pages 658-664
Published: July 15, 1998
Released on J-STAGE: February 29, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSFeeding behavior of wild Japanese flounder juvenile with progress in starvation was examined to determine whether starvation could increase vulnerability of wild flounder to predation. Laboratory experiments were conducted using a video observation system to analyze feeding behavior of juvenile flounder such as time of swimming to water column, swimming course and number of attacks in a feeding behavior under starvation up to 7 days. Experiments showed that longer starved juveniles spent a longer time in the water column and returned farther from the initial position. The number of attacks in a feeding behavior increased in a few days after onset of starvation. Fed juvenile flounders were not preyed upon by 1-or 2-year-old flounders, while 3 to 7 days starved juveniles were preyed upon in the laboratory experiment. These findings suggest that wild juvenile flounder change feeding behavior toward more vulnerability to predators with progress in starvation primarily due to longer exposure in the water column and frequent changes of landing position. These changes in feeding behavior found in the laboratory suggest that high mortality of juveniles would occur associated with seasonal reduction in prey mysid abundance in their nursery ground.View full abstractDownload PDF (583K) -
Takashi Tojima, Akihiko Kuwahara, Shingo Fujita1998 Volume 64 Issue 4 Pages 665-670
Published: July 15, 1998
Released on J-STAGE: February 29, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe present paper deals with the changes in the radius composition of the first ring on the scale with age of red sea bream Pagrus major, and estimates its migration, or immigration and emigration patterns in Western Wakasa Bay, using fish 1 to 5 years of age in the 1991 year group and fish l to 4 years of age in the 1992 year group.
Scale radius (Rin mm) was related to fork length (FL in mm) in each year group as expressed by the following equations,
1991 year group: ln FL=1.047ln R+3.464
1992 year group: ln FL=1.041ln R+3.473
In the compositions of the first ring radii on the scales in younger age-group (fish less than 3 or 4 years), it was revealed that the percentage occurrences of those with the small first ring radius (northern stock) increased with their ages, while the large first ring radius (southern stock) decreased. Based on the regional differences in the size of the first ring radius on the scale of l year-old fish, it is suggested that the northern stock migrates into Western Wakasa Bay and possibly mixes with local stock (the medium first ring radius) in the Bay. Based on the change in the estimated catch in numbers by age and three types of radius (large, medium and small radius) in the 1991 year group, at least about 30% to 70% of red sea bream at 4 years of age might participate in their immigration or emigration in Western Wakasa Bay.View full abstractDownload PDF (525K) -
Jiangzhou Chang, Hisashi Ichikawa, Nanae Noda, Shinji Goto, Kiyoshi Os ...1998 Volume 64 Issue 4 Pages 671-677
Published: July 15, 1998
Released on J-STAGE: February 29, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSWith the aim of utilizing a freshwater fish, carp, for fish-paste products, the characteristics of heat gelation of carp myofibillar proteins were examined, and compared with those of a marine fish (lizard fish) with a high gel-forming abuility. Transglutaminase was also examined for its additive effect.
Gel-forming ability of salt-ground myofibrillar proteins from carp by heating was lower with myofibirils, almost equal with actomyosin and higher with myosin, when compared with those from lizard fish. Gel-forming ability of carp myofibillar proteins with the additive transglutaminase was higher than those without transglutaminase. Even carp meat with a weak gel-forming ability could be used as a raw material for fish-paste products, if transglutaminase is added.View full abstractDownload PDF (2112K) -
Jiangzhou Chang, Hisashi Ichikawa, Nanae Noda, Shinji Goto, Kiyoshi Os ...1998 Volume 64 Issue 4 Pages 678-684
Published: July 15, 1998
Released on J-STAGE: February 29, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSWith the aim of utilizing a fresh water fish (carp) as a raw material for fish-paste products, the characteristics of gelation of myofibrillar proteins from carp by high-pressure treatment were compared with those of a marine fish (lizard fish) by heating. The effect of food additives containing transglutaminase on gel-forming ability was also examined.
The breaking strength of high-pressure-induced gel was much lower than that of heat-induced gel from the salted carp meat, and that of high-pressure-induced gel from the salted meat of lizard fish. The gel-forming ability of salt-ground myofibrillar proteins by high-pressure treatment was high in the order Mf<AM<M, and was lower for Mf and AM and was higher for M than that from lizard fish. The gel-forming ability of high-pressure-induced gel from myofibrillar proteins largely increased by the addition of transglutaminase. These findings suggest that the utilization of carp meat as a raw material for pressurized fish paste products needs some additional preparation.View full abstractDownload PDF (1318K) -
Kõsaku Yasunaga, Yõichi Abe, Fujio Nishioka, Ken-ichi Ar ...1998 Volume 64 Issue 4 Pages 685-696
Published: July 15, 1998
Released on J-STAGE: February 29, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSFrozen surinis of walleye pollack and chum salmon were ground with 3.0% NaC1 in the presence and absence of 0.5% food additive containing bovine plasma. Each salt-ground meat was heated at 25°C or 40°C for varied durations (preheated gel), followed by heating at 90°C for 30 min to produce two-step heated (kamaboko) gel. Quality of the gels was evaluated from the change in gel properties as a function of the preheating time. The cross-linking profile of myosin heavy chains in each gel was also investigated. The results were as follows:
1) The gel properties (breaking strength and breaking strain) of the two-step heated gel were greatly enhanced by the addition of plasma powder to the salt-ground meat from both frozen surimis.
2) The gel-forming profile of the salt ground meats from both surimis induced by heating at 25, 40, and by subsequent heating at 90°C, were virtually unchanged by the addition of plasma powder.
It is thus evident that the characteristic gel-forming nature of the salt-ground meats from walleye pollack and chum salmon remained even if the plasma powder was added, although the gel properties of the two-step heated gel were mostly enhanced.View full abstractDownload PDF (904K) -
Akira Kishi, Yoshiaki Itoh, Atsushi Obatake1998 Volume 64 Issue 4 Pages 697-701
Published: July 15, 1998
Released on J-STAGE: February 29, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSWhen carp myosin was heated at 80°C with cysteine, the polymerization of protein through SS bonding (SS polymerization) was promoted. The SS polymerization was promoted even in the presence of both EDTA and cysteine, though it was not promoted in the presence of only EDTA. Cysteine was oxidized into cystine. Cystine also accelerated the SS polymerization of myosin heavy chain during the heating, and it was reduced into cysteine.
From these results, it was suggested that acceleration of SS polymerization of myosin heavy chain by adding cysteine is due to the promotion of intermolecular SS bonding by the oxidative effect of cystine which was produced from cysteine during the heating.View full abstractDownload PDF (2182K) -
Kõsaku Yasunaga, Yõichi Abe, Fujio Nishioka, Ken-ichi Ar ...1998 Volume 64 Issue 4 Pages 702-709
Published: July 15, 1998
Released on J-STAGE: February 29, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSFrozen surimis of walleye pollack and chum salmon were ground with 3% NaCl and 0.3% food additive containing microbial transglutaminase (TGase). The salt-ground meats were heated at 25°C or 40°C for various periods to prepare preheated gel and subsequently heated at 90°C for 30 min to obtain two-step heated (kamaboko) gel.
Quality of the gels was evaluated from the changes in gel properties (breaking strength and breaking strain) as a function of preheating time. Subunit composition of myofibrillar proteins in the gels was also analyzed by SDS-PAGE and densitometry. Results were as follows:
1) Gel formation of the salt-ground meat from both frozen surimis was largely enhanced by the addition of TGase.
2) The characteristic gel forming profile of each salt-ground meat induced by heating at 25, 40°C, and subsequent heating at 90°C, changed nearly the same as with TGase.
3) The cross-linking reaction of myosin heavy chains markedly proceeded in the preheating gels by the addition of TGase. During the subsequent heating at 90°C, the cross-linking reaction did not proceed further.
It is evident that the kamaboko gel forming nature of the salt-ground meats from walleye pollack and chum salmon frozen surimis was essentially altered by the addition of TGase. The possible non-covalent type forces between myofibrillar proteins contributing to gel formation in the presence and absence of TGase are discussed.View full abstractDownload PDF (610K) -
Yoichi Ueda, Gaku Hibino, Masanori Kohmura, Motonaka Kuroda, Katsuko W ...1998 Volume 64 Issue 4 Pages 710-714
Published: July 15, 1998
Released on J-STAGE: February 29, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSContents of glutathione (GSH) in several fresh seafoods were determined by the HPLC method. GSH was detected in adductor muscle of scallop at a concentration of 29mg/100g and over the taste threshold of GSH (10mg/100ml). GSH content in salmon (9.2mg/100g) was near the threshold value. Other seafoods contained GSH in lower quantities. Contents of GSH disulfide (GSSG) in some seafoods were higher than those of GSH. The flavor character strengthened by GSSG was compared with that of GSH in the umami solution, showing that GSSG did not contribute to the flavors of foods so much as GSH.
The effects of adding GSH on the flavor of GSH-free synthetic scallop extract at a concentration of 29mg/100ml were examined by sensory evaluation. GSH increased the intensities of sweetness, umami, and some flavor characteristics, such as thickness, mouthfulness, and continuity, suggesting that GSH contributes to the flavor of scallop.View full abstractDownload PDF (387K) -
Mao Qun Lin, Hideki Ushio, Toshiaki Ohshima, Hideaki Yamanaka, Chiaki ...1998 Volume 64 Issue 4 Pages 715-719
Published: July 15, 1998
Released on J-STAGE: February 29, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe effects of distilled water, salt solution, and chilling treatment on erythrosome movements in erythrophores of the red-colored marine fish were investigated to elucidate the mechanism for the inhibition of the red color expression by ice-cold sea water. Soaking in distilled water inhibited the erythrosome dispersion, while erythrosomes of the fish soaked in 3.5% NaCl solution around 1°C dispersed around 10h after death, exhibiting a vivid red skin color. The chilling treatment around 1°C showed a slight inhibition of the appearance of red skin color. These results suggested that ice-cold sea water should not be used in order to reveal the vivid red skin color of marine fish.View full abstractDownload PDF (1785K) -
Shingo Seki, Naozumi Murakami, Akira Takamichi, Nobuhiko Taniguchi1998 Volume 64 Issue 4 Pages 720-721
Published: July 15, 1998
Released on J-STAGE: February 29, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (989K)
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