NIPPON SUISAN GAKKAISHI

Measuring volume backscattering strength of surface fish schools by scanning sonar

YONG TANG, MASAHIKO FURUSAWA, SHIGERU AOYAMA, CHUNMING FAN, YASUSHI NI ...

2003 Volume 69 Issue 2 Pages 153-161,227
Published: March 15, 2003
Released on J-STAGE: February 01, 2008

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2331/suisan.69.153

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Since a quantitative echo sounder uses a sharp and vertical beam and fish near the sea surface avoid approaching the vessel, accurate abundance measurement of surface fish schools can not be achieved by the quantitative echo sounder. A quantitative horizontal scanning sonar is expected to solve this problem. As a first step, this study investigates a quantitative commercial fisheries scanning sonar to measure the volume backscattering strength (SV) of surface fish schools. A sonar system for quantitative use is constructed and the receiver output signals are A/D converted and fed to a personal computer. The transmitting and receiving coefficients of the sonar are calibrated successfully by using a standard sphere. Using this system, experimental observations of surface fish schools are conducted in Tokyo Bay. The raw digital output signals are recorded and analyzed to track the echoes of surface fish schools and to calculate SV of the surface fish schools. Introducing data from a gyrocompass and a GPS, the distribution of SV is exhibited synoptically at absolute position in the surveyed area. Through this study, accurate information regarding surface fish schools by the scanning sonar is found to be effective, and the possibility of making a quantitative sonar is confirmed.

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Sperm motility and short term preservation of testicular spermatozoa obtained from captured and dead red tilefish Branchiostegus japonicus

YUICHIRO FUJINAMI, HIROYUKI TAKEUCHI, TATSUO TSUZAKI, HIROMI OHTA

2003 Volume 69 Issue 2 Pages 162-277
Published: March 15, 2003
Released on J-STAGE: February 01, 2008

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2331/suisan.69.162

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Mature males of red tilefish captured by longline fishing for bottom fish were transported to the laboratory from five to eight hours after death. Since the milt could not be taken from their genital pore, we developed effective methods to obtain potent testicular spermatozoa from the testis and store them in a refrigerator for up to seven days for advantageous artificial fertilization. Testicular spermatozoa obtained by homogenization of the testis showed lower percent motility than those obtained from a minced testis. Testicular spermatozoa were immotile in isotonic NaCl or artificial seminal plasma (ASP ; NaCl 135 mм, KCl 2mм, MgCl₂ 2.3mм, CaCl₂ 1.4mм, NaHCO₃ 20mм buffered with HEPES-NaOH at pH 8.0). Motility was initiated when osmolality was increased, and percent motility was highest in the 450mм NaCl solution buffered with 20mм HEPES at pH 8.0. Duration of movement was over 20 min in the solution. Spermatozoa maintained at 4°C, diluted 50-250 times with ASP buffered at pH 6.0-8.5 showed high motility during seven days' storage.

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Identification of pelagic fish eggs using monoclonal antibody

YOSUKE ONISHI, TOMOJI IKEDA, SHINGO HIROISHI, MUNEO OKIYAMA

2003 Volume 69 Issue 2 Pages 170-177,277
Published: March 15, 2003
Released on J-STAGE: February 01, 2008

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2331/suisan.69.170

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To confirm the efficacy of identification of pelagic fish eggs by the monoclonal antibody method, we examined the reactivity of a monoclonal antibody (MT-1) which was made from Pagrus major eggs as an antigen against eggs of the same and related species and also pelagic fish eggs collected in the coastal area of Wakasa Bay. MT-1 showed positive reaction against all the eggs from different parents of P. major but no reaction against Sparus sarba, Acanthopagrus schlegeli and Dentex tumifrons. Further, MT-1 did not react at all with eggs of eight kinds of pelagic fish except those of P. major collected in the coastal area of Wakasa Bay nor with pelagic fish eggs collected in July after the end of P. major spawning season. From these results, it was confirmed that the MT-1 reacts specifically to the eggs of P. major, and it was clarified that the monoclonal antibody method is applicable for the identification of pelagic fish eggs that are difficult to identify with conventional methods.

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Estimation of the amount of shark landing by species in the main fishing ports of Japan

HIROAKI MATSUNAGA, HIDEKI NAKANO, YOUICHIROU ISHIBASHI, KENPEI NAKAYAM ...

2003 Volume 69 Issue 2 Pages 178-184,277
Published: March 15, 2003
Released on J-STAGE: February 01, 2008

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2331/suisan.69.178

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To clarity the amount of shark landing by both species and fishing methods in Japan, an investigation on shark landing at the main fishing ports was conducted. The annual average weight of landing in the product form for all shark species and blue shark by all fishing methods from 1992 to 1998 were estimated to be 19, 600 and 11, 600 tons respectively. Those by the longline were estimated to be 15, 000 and 11, 000 tons respectively. These weights became 28, 700, 18, 800, 23, 100 and 17, 800 tons after conversion to whole body weight. In all cases, the landing of the blue shark was dominant and occupied 61-79%. Excluding the blue shark, salmon shark, shortfin mako and thresher sharks were landed in relatively large amounts and occupied about 10, 10 and 5% respectively. A declining tendency in the amount of landing for those main species was not observed.

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Identification and distribution of gynogenetic clones in silver crucian carp Carassius langsdorfii collected from the Dokanbori moats of the Imperial Palace, Tokyo, Japan

KATSUAKI MAEDA, DAISUKE NISHIMURA, HIROTAKA MAEMURA, KAGAYAKI MORISHIM ...

2003 Volume 69 Issue 2 Pages 185-191,277
Published: March 15, 2003
Released on J-STAGE: February 01, 2008

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2331/suisan.69.185

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A total of 201 silver crucian carp Carassius langsdorfii were collected from the inner moats, Kami-dokanbori, Naka-dokanbori and Shimo-dokanbori of the Imperial Palace, Tokyo, Japan, in 1996, 1997 and 1998. These moats were constructed about 400 years ago and the Kami-dokanbori has been separated by a 10 m high causeway from the other moats for at least 100 years. Ploidy determination by DNA content measurements using flow cytometry revealed that all the specimens examined were categorized to 196 triploids and 5 tetraploids. All the triploids sexchecked (n=136) were female except for 6 immature individuals. All tetraploids examined (n-5) were female. Multilocus DNA fingerprinting identified 7 clonal lines (clone I-VII) based on the genetic identity between at least two samples. Individual specific DNA fingerprints were detected in eight specimens, suggesting the presence of 8 or more independent clonal lines. Among the 7 clones, clone I was the most predominant in the three Dokanbori moats, but the frequency was different among the samples examined in each year. Clone I and VI in the Imperial Palace were genetically identical to clone 8 and 6 detected in the Chugoku district, respectively. High genetic similarities between clone I triploid and four tetraploid individuals shown by DNA fingerprinting analysis suggest that these tetraploids may be produced by accidental incorporation of haploid sperm genome into gynogenetic triploid genotype.

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Heart rate change during exercise and recovery for carp Cyprinus carpio

HIROKO ITO, SEIJI AKIYAMA, TAKAFUMI ARIMOTO

2003 Volume 69 Issue 2 Pages 192-196,277
Published: March 15, 2003
Released on J-STAGE: February 01, 2008

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2331/suisan.69.192

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The heart rate change during swimming exercise and recovery for carp Cyprinus carpio was measured by electrocardiogram observation. Heart rate increased significantly during exercise at higher speeds of 2-5 BL/s. The maximum value was 2.7 times the control value, while the rate of increase was not proportional to the swimming speed. The heart rate after exercise decreased to the control level for recovery in a short time at lower speeds. The time for recovery after exercise was extended with increase of swimming speed over 3 BL/s. Under the condition of exercise duration for 60 min, the heart rate and the recovery time showed a similar response to those in the condition for 10 min exercise.

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Testicular weight and testicular spermatozoa motility of red tilefish, Branchiostegus japonicus, captured in western Wakasa Bay

YUICHIRO FUJINAMI, HIROYUKI TAKEUCHI, TATSUO TSUZAKI, HIROMI OHTA

2003 Volume 69 Issue 2 Pages 197-200,278
Published: March 15, 2003
Released on J-STAGE: February 01, 2008

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2331/suisan.69.197

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Fifty-seven male red tilefish from 35.6 to 43.2 cm in total length (TL) were captured in Wakasa Bay during the maturation period (September to October). Relationships among the total length (TL), testicular weight (TW), and motility of testicular sperm (% motility) were examined. TL, TW, and % motility were 39.2 ± 0.3 cm, 1.52±0.09g, and 52.4±1.9%, respectively. As TL increased, TW increased and % motility decreased significantly (r=0.61 and r=-0.58, respectively). The total length of the male for collecting the largest amount of potent testicular sperm was calculated as 42.0cm from the equation of these regression lines.

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Age, growth and spawning season of the devil stinger, Inimicus japonicus, in the coastal waters of Niigata Prefecture

KEN-ICHI WATANABE, MASASHI KAITA, RIKAKO HANADA, AZUMA ITO

2003 Volume 69 Issue 2 Pages 201-207,278
Published: March 15, 2003
Released on J-STAGE: February 01, 2008

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2331/suisan.69.201

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The age and growth of the devil stinger, Inimicus japonicus, collected from the coastal waters of Joetsu City, Niigata Prefecture, were examined by way of the metapterygoid of 292 individuals. Observation of the outer margin of the metapterygoid showed that hyaline and opaque zones composed the ring mark which was formed once a year. The relationship between the metapterygoid radius and the total length of the fish was estimated to be ♂ R=0.0382TL-0.1341, ♀ R=0.0381TL+0.0709. The Bertalanffy's growth equations calculated from the total length, estimated from metapterygoid ring radii, were as follows : ♂ L_t=283.315 (1-e^{-0.2406 t+0.5104}), ♀ L_t-321.400 (1 -e^{-0.2094 t+0.6058}), Lt total length at age, t : age. The growth of females was remarkably superior to that of males. The spawning season was estimated to occur from June to August according to monthly changes of the gonad somatic index in each sex.

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Correlation between ploidy and size of the eggs spawned by the diplo-tetraploid mosaic amago salmon Oncorhynchus masou ishikawae

MASARU YAMAKI, KATSUTOSHI ARAI

2003 Volume 69 Issue 2 Pages 208-210,278
Published: March 15, 2003
Released on J-STAGE: February 01, 2008

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2331/suisan.69.208

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[in Japanese]

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Distribution of lysozyme in the organs of shellfishes

KOUJI MIYAUCHI, MASAHIRO MATSUMIYA, ATSUSHI MOCHIZUKI

2003 Volume 69 Issue 2 Pages 211-213,278
Published: March 15, 2003
Released on J-STAGE: February 01, 2008

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2331/suisan.69.211

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[in Japanese]

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The Outlines of the Accreditation System of Engineering Education in Japan by JAREE and Program Criteria for Agricultural Science and Similarly Named Engineering Programs(<Featured Articles>Perspectives of Engineering Education Programs for Fisheries Science to Be Accredited by JABEE as Agricultural Science and Similarly Named Engineering Programs)

SHUGO WATABE

2003 Volume 69 Issue 2 Pages 215-218
Published: March 15, 2003
Released on J-STAGE: February 01, 2008

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2331/suisan.69.215

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Procedure and Schedule of On-site Examination on JABEE Programs for Fisheries Science(<Featured Articles>Perspectives of Engineering Education Programs for Fisheries Science to Be Accredited by JABEE as Agricultural Science and Similarly Named Engineering Programs)

HIDEOMI AMANO

2003 Volume 69 Issue 2 Pages 219-222
Published: March 15, 2003
Released on J-STAGE: February 01, 2008

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2331/suisan.69.219

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Practice and Implementation of JABEE Program for Fisheries Sciencc-1. : Case Study of Tokyo University of Fisheries(<Featured Articles>Perspectives of Engineering Education Programs for Fisheries Science to Be Accredited by JABEE as Agricultural Science and Similarly Named Engineering Programs)

HISAO KAMIYA

2003 Volume 69 Issue 2 Pages 223-225
Published: March 15, 2003
Released on J-STAGE: February 01, 2008

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2331/suisan.69.223

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Practice and implementation of JABFF Program for Fisheries Science-2 : Case Study of Faculty of Fisheries, Nagasaki University(<Featured Articles>Perspectives of Engineering Education Programs for Fisheries Science to Be Accredited by JABEE as Agricultural Science and Similarly Named Engineering Programs)

ETSUO WATANABE

2003 Volume 69 Issue 2 Pages 226-227
Published: March 15, 2003
Released on J-STAGE: February 01, 2008

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2331/suisan.69.226

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Institutional Self-evaluation for Implementation of JABEE Program for Fisheries Science-1. : Case Study of Tokyo University of Fisheries(<Featured Articles>Perspectives of Engineering Education Programs for Fisheries Science to Be Accredited by JABEE as Agricultural Science and Similarly Named Engineering Programs)

RIKUO TAKAI

2003 Volume 69 Issue 2 Pages 228-231
Published: March 15, 2003
Released on J-STAGE: February 01, 2008

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2331/suisan.69.228

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Institutional Self-evaluation for Implementation of JABEE Program for Fisheries Seience-2. : Case Study of Faculty of Fisheries, Nagasaki University(<Featured Articles>Perspectives of Engineering Education Programs for Fisheries Science to Be Accredited by JABEE as Agricultural Science and Similarly Named Engineering Programs)

ATSUSHI HAGIWARA

2003 Volume 69 Issue 2 Pages 232-237
Published: March 15, 2003
Released on J-STAGE: February 01, 2008

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2331/suisan.69.232

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Procedure of Examination for Upcoming Accreditation on JABEE Programs in Fisheries Science(<Featured Articles>Perspectives of Engineering Education Programs for Fisheries Science to Be Accredited by JABEE as Agricultural Science and Similarly Named Engineering Programs)

HISASHI KUROKURA

2003 Volume 69 Issue 2 Pages 238-241
Published: March 15, 2003
Released on J-STAGE: February 01, 2008

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2331/suisan.69.238

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Private Sectors' Expectation on JABEE Programs(<Featured Articles>Perspectives of Engineering Education Programs for Fisheries Science to Be Accredited by JABEE as Agricultural Science and Similarly Named Engineering Programs)

YOSHIO KUGE

2003 Volume 69 Issue 2 Pages 242-245
Published: March 15, 2003
Released on J-STAGE: February 01, 2008

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2331/suisan.69.242

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Research Projects on the Prediction of Fish Populations by Fisheries Research Agency-IV. DEEP : Deep-Sea Ecosystem and Exploitation Programme

HIROAKI SAITO

2003 Volume 69 Issue 2 Pages 271-273
Published: March 15, 2003
Released on J-STAGE: February 01, 2008

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2331/suisan.69.271

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