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Volume 59, Issue 12
Displaying 1-24 of 24 articles from this issue
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Mala Supongpan, Cherdchinda Chotiyaputta, Masatosi Sinoda1993 Volume 59 Issue 12 Pages 1963-1969
Published: December 25, 1993
Released on J-STAGE: February 29, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSSamples of the Indian squid Loligo duvauceli, 5, 303 males and 6, 149 females, were collected by otter boad trawlers and light-luring fishing boats off the west coast of the Gulf of Thailand from 1986-1989.
The speciments were classified into five stages of maturity for both sexes. The group maturity curves showed that sizes at 50% maturation approximated 17cm ML for males and 10cm ML for females. Two substantial recruitments of catchable stock were found in December-March and July-October, based on the appearance of larger sized squids rather than the 50% mature sizes.
Assuming that the successive shift observed in the length frequency distributions are expressed by the von Bertalanffy growth equation and the time from birth to recruitment was 4 months, the growth parameters K were estimated at 0.083 month-1 for male squid and 0.095 month-1 for female squid.View full abstractDownload PDF (509K) -
Shigeru Fuwa, Shinji Fujita, Akio Kohama, Takehiko Imai, Munechika Ish ...1993 Volume 59 Issue 12 Pages 1971-1975
Published: December 25, 1993
Released on J-STAGE: February 29, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSIn order to solve problems of the characteristic movement of trolling gear, experiments were conducted in Kagoshima Bay in calm conditions by the research ship, Nanseimaru (83 G. R. T.). The tension of trolling line using two kinds of leader, i.e. nylon monofilament and sekiyama (ganged wire leader) for trolling depressor, were measured by a load cell which was fixed at the tip of a steel pipe, and were recorded on a data-recorder. These data were analyzed in the laboratory. Power spectra were estimated from these data. Dominant fre-quencies in these spectra were identified; one was a frequency of 0.2Hz ley with a propor-tional speed increase, while the other was a the frequency of 6.0Hz with a slight proportional speed decrease. The former occupied a major portion of the spectra, which suggested the movement of the whole trolling gear. The movement of the trolling gear suggested that two periodical components, i.e. about 5.0 seconds and about 1.7 seconds, were combined with different frequencies. Considering the information on the numerical filter process, the move-ment of the whole trolling gear was effected by differences in the material used in its leader.View full abstractDownload PDF (329K) -
Atsushi Yamasaki, Akihiko Kuwahara1993 Volume 59 Issue 12 Pages 1977-1983
Published: December 25, 1993
Released on J-STAGE: February 29, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSEight experimental fishings with crab traps were made to study the spatial distribution pattern of snow crab Chionoecetes opilio on the bottom of a bank known as the Yamato-tai located in the center of the Japan Sea. The size of the terminal molt crab was comparatively examined for three regions, i. e. Yamato-tai in the Japan Sea, coastal waters of the Japan Sea off Kyoto Prefecture, and coastal waters of the Pacific Ocean off Fukushima Prefecture.
Adult females were mainly distributed in an area shallower than around 320m in depth in conditions of a gradual down ward slope with a muddy bottom. On the other hand, males were distributed in all survey areas from 290m to 349m in depth.
Terminal molt males were divided into five groups with average carapace sizes of 64.9mm, 80.5mm, 96.4mm, 110.5mm, and 125.0mm. Adult female sizes of terminal molt females was 69.8mm. These sizes were 10-20mm smaller than the terminal molt size of crabs obtained from the coastal areas off Kyoto and Fukushima Prefectures.View full abstractDownload PDF (474K) -
Yuji Fujikawa, Akio Takemori1993 Volume 59 Issue 12 Pages 1985-1991
Published: December 25, 1993
Released on J-STAGE: February 29, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSIn order to make the age-length key of red sea bream Pagrus major in the waters off Shimane Prefecture, mean and standard deviation of fork length distribution were estimated at season and age using the rings on scales of the fish caught by commercial and experimental fisheries. The rings on scales are formed once a year in the period from February to July around May. From estimates of fork length at age, the von Bertalanffy growth equation were estimated: Lt=582(1-e-0.174(t+0.146)), where t is age in years and Lt fork length in mm at age t. The growth proportion of the month to annual growth was calculated by the ratio of the mean value of marginal growth index of scales in month to the slope of Ford Walford plot of radius of rings. This species was estimated to grow little in the period from January to March. The relationship between mean fork length and standard deviation was represented from the observed data as follows: s=-0.264+0.0787L, where s is standard deviation in mm and L is mean fork length in mm.View full abstractDownload PDF (385K) -
Muhammad Zainuri, Masao Nemoto, Masahiko Mohri, Shoichi Takeuchi1993 Volume 59 Issue 12 Pages 1993-2001
Published: December 25, 1993
Released on J-STAGE: February 29, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe skipjack catch in the Izu Islands region were classified into 2 groups with a body weight of small (B. W.≤2.4kg) and large (B. W.>2.4kg) size. Here, the small size was dominant, showing 82% of the total catch during the period from 1982 to 1989. Both the large and the small sizes migrate to Izu Islands region seasonally. In this region the skipjack can be caught throughout the year. During 8 years of fishing operation, the size composition of skipjack taken by Japanese skipjack pole and line fleets differed according to the fishing season. The percentage of catches for the large size was high in the autumn and winter, while a high percentage of the small size occurred from spring to summer. Due to increments in the modal size of skipjack, the small and the large size taken in spring and summer tend to differ in body size from that caught from autumn through winter.View full abstractDownload PDF (525K) -
Hiroaki Uemoto, Kotaro Kikuchi, Michiyasu Kiyono1993 Volume 59 Issue 12 Pages 2003-2008
Published: December 25, 1993
Released on J-STAGE: February 29, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSAn ammonia-oxidizing bacterium was isolated from the sludge of a closed recirculating seawater system for fish culture. The isolated cells were gram negative large coccus of 2.0 to 2.5μm in diameter, and they occurred as single cells, diploids, and tetrads. The cells had central lamellar cytomembranes composed of a stack of 5 to 8 parallel flattened vesicles. The cells grew well in natural seawater and distilled water containing NaCl, MgCl2, and CaCl2. However, they could not grow in distilled water containing only NaCl. The optimum temperature and salinity for growth were 30°C and 40, respectively. The highest ammonia-oxidation rate was obtained at 30°C and a salinity of 20. The isolated bacterium was classified as a member of the genus Nitrosococcus, and was considered to be closely related to N. oceanus.View full abstractDownload PDF (1988K) -
Yong Fu, Atsushi Hagiwara, Kazutsugu Hirayama1993 Volume 59 Issue 12 Pages 2009-2016
Published: December 25, 1993
Released on J-STAGE: February 29, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSCross-mating experiments were carried out using seven S- and L-type strains of the rotifer Brachionus plicatilis O. F. Müller, to determine the probability of sexual recombination. Rotifer rearing conditions were controlled to eliminate any effects of external factors. Of 39 crossing and selfing trials, fertilization was observed only among S-type and L-type strains. All crosses between S- and L-type strains failed. Percent fertilization obtained by cross-mating between strains of the same type was significantly lower than that of selfing. A negative correlation was found between the genetic distance of mated pairs and percent fertilization. The results suggest that whether the strains can be crossed successfully depends on the differences in their genetic constitution. Isozyme analysis on rotifers from resting eggs produced in the cross-matings indicated that classical sexual recombination occurred in S- or L-type rotifers.
S- and L-type rotifers exhibit differences not only in morphological and physiological characteristics but also in genetic constitution and karyotypes. In addition, the current study has demonstrated reproductive isolation between the two types. From these facts, S- and L-type rotifers should be classified as different species.View full abstractDownload PDF (1077K) -
John Scarpa, Katsuhiko T.Wada, Akira Komaru1993 Volume 59 Issue 12 Pages 2017-2023
Published: December 25, 1993
Released on J-STAGE: February 29, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSFertilized eggs of the mussel Mytilus galloprovincialis were exposed to cytochalasin B (CB, 1mg/l) from 7until 35minutes after insemination to inhibit both polar body I and II formation. Cytological observations revealed that many of the CB-treated eggs contained five pronuclei. DNA microfluorometry of trochophore larvae from CB-treated eggs indicated ploidy levels from diploid to decaploid, with 18% classified as tetraploid and 12.4% as pentaploid. Survival from the trochophore stage to day 20 was 8.2% for the CB group compared to 48.8% for the control group. One month after initial settlement, DNA microfluorometric analysis of 29 individual spat from the CB group showed that 24.1, 58.7, and 17.2% were diploid, triploid, and tetraploid, respectively. Previously, induced tetraploidy has only been found in embryos and larvae. The discovery of tetraploid spat indicates a potential for tetraploid bivalve production.View full abstractDownload PDF (1229K) -
Megumi Minagawa1993 Volume 59 Issue 12 Pages 2025-2030
Published: December 25, 1993
Released on J-STAGE: February 29, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe relative growth of several body parts and the morphology of pleopods were examined in reared and captured individuals of Ranina ranina. Sexual dimorphism occurred in the pleopods at instar I, on the abdomen of individuals over 34mm carapace length, and on the cheliped in individuals over 70mm carapace. In females puberty molt was estimated to occur at 40-45mm carapace length, using the relative growth of abdomen width. In males the relationship between dactylus or propodus length of the cheliped and the carapace length was described by two or three power regression equations. The point of contact of the logarithmically transformed linear equations was 26 and 74mm in dactylus length and 73mm in propodus length. A growth-reproduction model of R. ranina based on changes in the relative growth is discussed.View full abstractDownload PDF (365K) -
Hiroko Watanabe, Hideaki Yamanaka, Hiroshi Yamakawa1993 Volume 59 Issue 12 Pages 2031-2036
Published: December 25, 1993
Released on J-STAGE: February 29, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe influence of diet on the contents of free amino acids, homarine, glycogen, organic acids, and D- and L-lactic acids were investigated in five soft parts (adductor muscle, central part of the foot muscle, rim of the foot muscle, mantle, and mid-gut gland) of juvenile disk abalone Haliotis discus fed with arame Eisenia bicyciis, with tunomata Chondrus ocellatus, and starved for a period of 46 days.
The rate of gain in body weight was highest in the disk abalone fed with arame, while the moisture content was highest in the abalone fed with tunomata. The abalone fed with amame contained the largest amount of homarine. The level of glycogen in the abalone fed with amame was five times as high as that of starved abalone, and three times as high as that fed with tunomata. The content of D-lactic acid was higher than that of L-lactic acid and their ratios differed in diet and starvation. The total amounts of free aminos acid in the adductor muscle and the central part of the foot muscle were highest in the abalone fed with arame, followed by starved abalone, and were lowest in the abalone fed with tunomata. Taste-active components such as glutamic acid, glycine, and so on were rich in the abalone fed with arame, which appeared to be most tasteful.View full abstractDownload PDF (413K) -
Motoharu Uchida1993 Volume 59 Issue 12 Pages 2037-2042
Published: December 25, 1993
Released on J-STAGE: February 29, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe sensitivity of estuarine bacteria to organotin compounds (OTCs) was examined using the agar plate method by counting colony forming units (CFU) for estuarine water samples gathered at Aburatsubo and Kachidoki. Inhibition of bacterial colony formation occurred in a concentration range of 2 to 40μg Sn/l of bis-tributyltin oxide (TBTO) and triphenyltin chloride (TPT) regardless of media composition, inoculation method, or sample water. Similar numbers of TBTO- and TPT-resistant bacteria were counted by the MPN method at the inhibitory concentration range, indicating that the agar plate method was applicable to tests of the sensitivity of natural populations of estuarine bacteria to OTCs. The inhibitory activity of seven kinds of TBTO- and TPT-related compounds was compared. The results revealed that dialkyltins were most toxic, followed by trialkyltins, monoalkyltins, and tetraalkyltins. This order is unique for bacteria, and has not to date been reported for any other organisms.View full abstractDownload PDF (519K) -
Eiji Niwa, Taeko Suzumura, Alam AKM Nowsad, Satoshi Kanoh1993 Volume 59 Issue 12 Pages 2043-2046
Published: December 25, 1993
Released on J-STAGE: February 29, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe setting of actomyosin (AM) pastes from which transglutaminase (TGase) was virtually removed was investigated for various species. The breaking force of most AM pastes was increased by setting at 30°C for 2.5 or 5.0h. This increment was most notable in the order of red barracuda, Hobo gurnard, cutlass fish>yellowfin tuna>sardine, bottom threadfin-bream, Spanish mackerel>stingray, bluefin tuna, grey mullet, puffer, carp, common mackerel, saury pike, black scraper, dolphin fish, red bulleye>chicken, pork, and beef. The correlation coefficient was 0.36 between the breaking force of the set gel formed after 2.5h and TGase activity (0.00-0.04nmol/mg), and 0.34 for the gel formed after 5.0h. This suggests that even AM from which the TGase has been removed still holds species-specificity for the setting ability, or in other words, that this ability is an inherent property of the AM itself from each species.View full abstractDownload PDF (234K) -
Yoshihiro Yokoyama, Fumio Kawai, Masao Kanamori1993 Volume 59 Issue 12 Pages 2047-2052
Published: December 25, 1993
Released on J-STAGE: February 29, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSPostmortem changes in the levels of ATP-related compounds were investigated in the muscle of carp which were kept in a container for 10h at 14°C and Pco2=80mmHg (cold-CO2 group), at 14°C under bubbling pure O2 gas (14°C-O2 group), or at 23°C under bubbling pure O2 gas (23°C-O2 group), carp which were allowed to recover from cold-CO2 anesthesia before death (CO2-recovery group), and carp netted from a rearing tank and decapitated immediately (control group). The changes in glycogen and pH were also measured in the muscle of cold-CO2, CO2-recovery, and control groups. The initial ATP, pH, and glycogen levels were low, while the IMP level was high in the cold-CO2 group compared with that in the control group. The carp anesthetized with cold-CO2 seemed to be in a different metabolic state. The ATP degradation rate was rapid at an early stage of storage, while the freshness index (K value) was high in the cold-CO2 group during storage compared with those in the control group. In the 14°C-O2 and 23°C-O2 groups, the postmortem levels of ATP-related compounds showed little difference from those in the control group. In the CO2-recovery group, the postmortem levels of ATP-related compounds, pH, glycogen, and K value also showed little difference from those in the control group. The meat quality of the carp treated with cold-CO2 anesthesia was unaffected when the carp was allowed to recover from anesthesia.View full abstractDownload PDF (537K) -
Kunio Kobayashi, Yang Wang, Shigeo Kimura, Rizald Max Rompas, Nobuyosh ...1993 Volume 59 Issue 12 Pages 2053-2057
Published: December 25, 1993
Released on J-STAGE: February 29, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSA study was carried out to set up a practical application of piperonyl butoxide (PB) for the reduction of organophosphorus insecticide-toxicity to kuruma prawn Penaeus japonicus. The absorption and excretion of PB administered through the diet to kuruma prawn was examined, compared with the case of exposure to PB-seawater. The concentration of PB in the prawn reached a maximum of 13μg/g at 3-h after feeding with a 1% PB-diet for 6h, which was a similar level to the PB in kuruma prawn exposed to 1ppm PB-seawater for 12h.
By feeding with a 1% PB-diet, the survival times of kuruma prawn exposed to fenitrothion (0.01ppm), malathion (0.2ppm), dioxabenzofos (0.4ppm), phenthoate (0.1ppm), and diazinon (0.1ppm) were extended by ca. 11, 5, 5, 3, and 2.5 times over those of the respective control prawns fed with a PB-free diet. However, PB was not effective in reducing the toxicity of dichlorvos (1ppm) (a typical oxo-form insecticide) to kuruma prawn.View full abstractDownload PDF (330K) -
Taiko Miyasaki, Mamoru Sato, Reiji Yoshinaka, Moriikko Sakaguchi1993 Volume 59 Issue 12 Pages 2059-2064
Published: December 25, 1993
Released on J-STAGE: February 29, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSIntestinal absorption of L-ascorbyl-2-phosphate (AsP) in vitro and the activity of enzymatic hydrolysis of AsP to L-ascorbic acid (AsA) were investigated in rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss. AsP magnesium salt or AsA sodium salt as control (each 26 μmol in 0.5 ml of Ringer solution) was injected into intestines removed from rainbow trout. The intestine was ligatured both ends and suspended in Ringer solution with aeration. AsP and AsA transported from the mucosal side to the serosal side were measured by high-performance liquid chromatography. AsP passed through the intestine and part of the AsP was detected as AsA in the serosal fluid. The total quantity of ascorbate (AsA+AsP) transported was the same as that of the control injected sodium AsA. 2, 4-Dinitrophenol (1 mM) inhibited the transportation of AsP and AsA by more than 50%, suggesting the acitive transport mechanism in AsP and AsA absorption from the intestine of rainbow trout. Enzymatic hydrolysis of AsP to AsA investigated using the homogenate of several tissues was highly active in the pyloric caeca and the intestine at alkaline pHs and in the liver at acidic pHs. These findings suggest the ready conversion of AsP to AsA in the rainbow trout body.View full abstractDownload PDF (372K) -
Nantiga Porn-Ngam, Shuichi Satoh, Toshio Takeuchi, Takeshi Watanabe1993 Volume 59 Issue 12 Pages 2065-2070
Published: December 25, 1993
Released on J-STAGE: February 29, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSA feeding experiment was conducted to determine the effect of the ratio of phosphorus (P) to calcium (Ca) in the diet on zinc (Zn) availability to rainbow trout. Phosphoric acid and calcium carbonate were supplemented to a semipurified diet in order to obtain various combined levels of P (10, 18 and 24mg/g) and Ca (1.9 ?? 37.7mg/g). Growth was not affected by the supplementation of additional Ca alone. However, the growth was reduced significantly by the supplementation of additional P at dietary levels of 18 and 24mg/g, and retarded growth was weakened by a combined supplementation of Ca. The highest growth was obtained when the Ca supplementation gave a dietary level equal to P. Zn absorption was also reduced by the addition of P, and was recovered by the supplementation of Ca.
The results of this study have demonstrated that P contained in a diet at twice or thrice the requirement level reduced Zn availability to rainbow trout. The deleterious effect of an excess amount of P was effectively weakened by the supplementation of Ca. It is suggested that the optimum ratio of P to Ca may be regulated at 1:1 in order to weaken the influence of an excess amount of P mainly derived from hard tissues or of inorganic origin.View full abstractDownload PDF (416K) -
Shoichiro Ishizaki, Moritsugu Hamada, Munehiko Tanaka, Takeshi Taguchi1993 Volume 59 Issue 12 Pages 2071-2077
Published: December 25, 1993
Released on J-STAGE: February 29, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSTo obtain information about actomyosin denaturation due to ultraviolet (UV) irradiation, changes in some properties of walleye pollack, sardine, flying fish, and pork actomyosins by UV irradiation were examined. It was revealed that UV irradiation significantly increased the surface hydrophobicity of all the actomyosins regardless of heating, markedly reducing the total SH content at the same time, while there was a tendency for the surface SH content to decreased after an initial increment in the following order of instability: walleye pollack, sardine, flying fish>pork. From differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) data, it was suggested that UV irradiation prompted the unfolding of actomyosin.View full abstractDownload PDF (452K) -
Shoichiro Ishizaki, Kenji Endo, Wi-Loon Lin, Wen-Kuei Chiu, Munehiko T ...1993 Volume 59 Issue 12 Pages 2079-2083
Published: December 25, 1993
Released on J-STAGE: February 29, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe conformational changes in black marlin myosin and its fragments at interfaces as affected by air-blowing in relation to gel-formation were examined by means of solubility test, CD measurement, and reactivity with fluorescent probe (8-anilino-1-naphthalene sulfonate: ANS). Air-blowing treatment, accompanied by dehydration from the surface of myosin sol, noticeably facilitated its thermal gelation on the surface of myosin gel. It was revealed that the solubility of myosin and the helix content of myosin, S-1, and rod decreased during air-blowing. The fluorescence intensity of myosin-ANS increased with air-blowing time. The intensity of air-blown S-1-ANS showed a marked increase, whereas that of the rod-ANS was almost unchanged.View full abstractDownload PDF (309K) -
Tai-Hung Lee, Fumio Yamazaki1993 Volume 59 Issue 12 Pages 2085
Published: December 25, 1993
Released on J-STAGE: February 29, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (965K) -
Kei'ichiroh Iguchi1993 Volume 59 Issue 12 Pages 2087
Published: December 25, 1993
Released on J-STAGE: February 29, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (85K) -
Hideomi Amano, Hiroyuki Noda, Miyuki Maegawa1993 Volume 59 Issue 12 Pages 2089
Published: December 25, 1993
Released on J-STAGE: February 29, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (89K) -
Koji Inoue, Shinya Yamashita1993 Volume 59 Issue 12 Pages 2091
Published: December 25, 1993
Released on J-STAGE: February 29, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (111K) -
1993 Volume 59 Issue 12 Pages 2096a
Published: 1993
Released on J-STAGE: April 21, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (50K) -
1993 Volume 59 Issue 12 Pages 2096b
Published: 1993
Released on J-STAGE: April 21, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (50K)
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