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Volume 48, Issue 9
Displaying 1-26 of 26 articles from this issue
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Yasuo MUGIYA, Junko MURAMATSU1982 Volume 48 Issue 9 Pages 1225-1232
Published: September 25, 1982
Released on J-STAGE: February 29, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSTo produce time marking on otoliths for scanning electron microscopy, young goldfish Carassius auratus were treated with one of the following: tetracycline, ammonium chloride, Diamox, sufocation, starvation, or cold shock. Of those, tetracycline, 1% ammonium chloride and 7 days' starvation produced almost no special markings in the otoliths (lapilli). Didmox (200mg or 500mg/kg) and 30 minutes' suffocation tended to leave markings in the otoliths. However it seems difficult in nature to separate these markings from other check rings formed by unknown events before and during the experiments. The intraperitoneal injection of 3% ammonium chloride also produced a stress marking but this treatment resulited in a high mortality of 50%. Cold shock (23 to 4.2°C) produced a well-defined marking in the otolith and it was easy to discern this marking from other kinds of check rings. The formation rate of the first-order rings in the otoliths was calculated as 0.94 per day by using the experimentally induced markings.View full abstractDownload PDF (3964K) -
Masaharu OHGAI, Kaoru TAKESUE, Arao TSURUTA1982 Volume 48 Issue 9 Pages 1233-1236
Published: September 25, 1982
Released on J-STAGE: February 29, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThis study was conducted to examine the effect of heat shock on growth of marine phytoplankton, which were acclimated in incubator at 20°C. Species of phytoplankton used for the study were Dunaliella sp., Olisthodiscus sp. and Thalassiosira rotula. The inhibitory effects of high temperature on growth in Dunaliella sp., Olisthodiscus sp. and T. rotula appeared from above 42°C, 37.5°C and 35°C, respectively. Concerning heat resistance of exponential and stationary between exponential phase and stationary one, but that of Olishodiscus sp. and T. rotula tended to become stronger in stationary phase than in exponential one.View full abstractDownload PDF (291K) -
Hiroshi ONOZATO1982 Volume 48 Issue 9 Pages 1237-1244
Published: September 25, 1982
Released on J-STAGE: February 29, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSIn order to determine the suitable dosage of γ-rays to induce gynogenesis in the chum salmon Oncorhynchus keta, the “ hertwig effect ” was investigated. Normal eggs were inseminated with milt which had been exposed to γ-rays of 60Co for doses ranging from 102 rad to 105.8 rad. The fertilization rate was not affected by irradiation even at 105 rad but fertilization did not occur at 105.8 rad. The Hertwig effect appeared in survival rate, early cleavage and embryogenesis. Most harmful doses were 103.5 ra and 104 rad at which doses no embryonic body was formed and most embryos died until 18 days after insemination although they advanced early cleavages. The irradiation beyond 104 rad recovered the survival rate and the injurious action of irradiation on the development was strikingly reduced at 105 rad. Various aneuplkodides were observed at doses from 103 rad to 104.4 rad. Paternal chromosomes were borken into fragments with increasing irradiation and gradually reduced in number. All paternal chromosomes were eliminated at the dosage of 105 rad and gynogenetic heploid embryos were induced at this dosage.View full abstractDownload PDF (1191K) -
Akira OUCHI1982 Volume 48 Issue 9 Pages 1245-1250
Published: September 25, 1982
Released on J-STAGE: February 29, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThis study was conducted to ascertain the possibility of predicting red tide by the multiple linear regression model based on the surface water quality data of the northern part of Hiroshima Bay. The monthly regression equations from May to September were calculated using the data from 1976 through 1980. The results obtained are as follows.
1) Partial regression coefficients found to be significant at the 1% level were salinity, TDP and DIN in June, July and August, and those at the 5% level were WT in June and DON in Septmber.
2) In the monthly regression equations by multiple regression analysis (MRA), the coefficients of determination were found to exceed the 50% level in July and August and their equations are
PON=262+7.79WT-12.9Sal.+5.72TDP-0.33DIN+0.05DON in July and
PON=681+7.88WT-27.42Sal.+4.22TDP-0.62DIN-0.05DON in August.
3) In the best regression equation by the stepwise method of MRA, multiple correlation coefficients ranged from 0.31 to 0.81 and the coefficient of determination exceeded 50% only in August. The regression equation in August is
PON=631+8.44WT-26.66Sal.+4.26TDP-0.60IN.
4) In all cases, salinity was highly correlated with PON. Decrease of salinity in Hiroshima Bay was caused by the discharge of ricer water, factory wastes and urban sewage which contains iron, manganese, organic matters and vitamins. These substances are considered to play an important role in the occurrence of red tides.View full abstractDownload PDF (388K) -
Yayoi IKEDA, Hisao OZAKI1982 Volume 48 Issue 9 Pages 1251-1256
Published: September 25, 1982
Released on J-STAGE: February 29, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe hand protein refractometer which was designed for clinical examination of human blood, was tested on four species of well-fish in order to see whether or not the instrument could be applied to fish blood.
The experiments were carried out on 265 sardine Sardinops melanosticta of 11-14cm in length and 11-25g in werght in Octber, on 18 red sea bream Chrysophrys major of 12cm in mean legth and 65g in weight in October and 19 fishes of 20cm in mean length and 300g in mean weight in January, on 203 yellowtail Seriola quingueradiata of 11-41cm in length and 17-1, 400g in weight in various seasons, and on 484 carp Cyprinus carpio of 20-35cm in length and 200-3, 000g in weight in various seasons. The 54 samples on only sardine were pool serum from 5 fishes. The blood was collected 24 to 30 hours after feeding from red sea bream, yellowtail and carp, and 5 days after feeding from sardine, with syringe or by senering tail peduncle.
The mean value and the range of mean ±2SD of the ratio (B/A) between serum or plasma protein levels by biurea reaction (A) and hand protein regractometer (B) were 1.08 (0.397-1.20) on sardine, 1.45 (1.28-1.62) on red sea bream, 1.37 (1.14-1.60) on yellowtail and 1.36 (1.13-1.59) on carp. This ratio was not affected by serum glucose or chloride levels in physiological range, but significantly by serum lipid level.
It was revealed that the readings by the hand protein refractometer require an adjuatment by species, in order to arrive at a close appeoximation to the true protein level.View full abstractDownload PDF (441K) -
Toyomi TAKAHASHI, Takeji TOMINAGA, Tatsuaki MAEDA, Motokazu UENO1982 Volume 48 Issue 9 Pages 1257-1264
Published: September 25, 1982
Released on J-STAGE: February 29, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSIn order to elucidate the diurnal feeding periodicity of Limanda herzensteini and L. Yokohamae, fourty-four stomach samples, comprising 2487 specimens, obtained with a trawl net in Mutsu Bay at different times in the day during May 1979 and May and October 1980 were examined. In both species, except for the matured fish of L. yokohamae, in autumn the mean number of main food organisms (Scalibregma inflatum and Paraprionospio sp.) in the stomach and stomach contents weight index (SCI=stomach contents weight×102/body weight) increased from about noon to evening, while the ratios of digested contents weight in the stomach (D=digested contents weight×102/stomach contents weight) decreased during the afternoon. These results show both species in autumn intook food chiefly from about noon to evening. In spring, however, it was clearly seen that the two peaks of feeding activity took place during forenoon and afternoon.
The reason for the difference in diurnal feeding periodicity between seasons was not clear. But it seems likely that the variations in length of daytime and intensity of food requirement in relation to their physiological conditions is the main factor.View full abstractDownload PDF (599K) -
Osamu DESHIMARU, Katsunobu KUROKI, Yasuo YONE1982 Volume 48 Issue 9 Pages 1265-1270
Published: September 25, 1982
Released on J-STAGE: February 29, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSIn the present study, the provisional basal diet proposed previously was modified. This new diet was used to determine the required levels of squid liver and pollack liver oils for yellowtail in a feeding trial. In addition, the effects of ursodesoxycholic acid, a bile, on the growth of yellowtail and on feed efficiency were examined.
The results obtained are as follows.
1. Replacement of the casein•gelatin mixture, used as the protein source of the provisional basal diet, by casein supplemented with some essential amino acids, was effective in elevating the untritional values of the basal diet. According, the modified diet was used as a basal diet in the present study.
2. The effects of suid liver and pollack liver oils on the growth of yellowtail and on feed efficiency were tested at various dietary lipid levels. The suitable of each lipid was estimated to be 9% for squid liver oil, containing approximately 27% HUFA, and 15% for pollack liver oil, containing approximately 14% HUFA.
The nutritional value of diet containing squid liver oil was superior to that of the diet with pollack liver oil at a 9% dietary lipid level. These reaults suggest that amount of HUFA required by yellowtail is approximately 2% of diet.
3. Addition of ursodesoxycholic acied to a diet containing pollack liver oil at a 20% level improved the nutritional values of the diet; its optimum level was approximately 0.02% of diet.View full abstractDownload PDF (390K) -
Yoichi YOSHIDA, Katsumi NUMATA1982 Volume 48 Issue 9 Pages 1271-1275
Published: September 25, 1982
Released on J-STAGE: February 29, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe large scale of red tides of Chattonella antiqua often took place at the Harima Nada which locates in the eastern part of the Seto Inland Sea, in summer. The red tides occurred usually with the interval of about 2 weeks and brought the lethal effect to fish.
In order to clarify the mechanisms on the accumulation of C. antiqua and the occurrence of red tide, the relations between the accumulation and its environmental factors such as the velocity and direction of tidal current and wind were examined during the floating time (10:00-16:00) of the plankton, by refering some related data in 1977 and 1978.
As the results, it was suggested that C. antiqua accumulated at the south-west part of the Harima Nada at the period which a few of days had long time of flood, whereas the plankton accumulated at the off shore and center area of the Nada or disappeared from the Nada at the period which a few of days had long time of ebb. On the other hand, the relation between the accumulation and the velocity and direction of wind could not find so remarkably, the weak wind with north-east blowing usually at the south-west part of the Nada during the occurrence of red tide.View full abstractDownload PDF (397K) -
Yoichi YOSHIDA, Katsumi NUMATA1982 Volume 48 Issue 9 Pages 1277-1280
Published: September 25, 1982
Released on J-STAGE: February 29, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSAt the south-west pary of the Harima Nada in the Seto Inland Sea, the acumulation of Chat-tonella antiqua and the occurrence of red tide were not found about lst of August in 1979 which period had a few of days with long time of flood during floating time of the plankton (10:00-16:00), and then the rapidly increased plankton which was foud at the next period with long time of flood suddenly disappeared since 16th of August.
In oredr to clarify these causes, the relations between the accumulation of C. antiqua and the environmental factors such as the velocity and direction of tidal current and wind were examined during the floating time of the plankton, by refering some related data.
The results suggested that in the case of rather strong wind such as 3-5m/sec, the wind acted multiply wity tidal current on the accumulation of C. antiqua and accelated the occurrence of red tide when the wind direction was sane with one of tidal current, whereas the wind acted with the tidal current to control each other and prevented the occurrence of red tide or accelated the disappearance of it when the wind direction was reverse with tidal current. However, the rather weak wind such as 1-3m/sec could not find so remarkable effect on the accumulation of the plankton.View full abstractDownload PDF (271K) -
Yuzaburo ISHIDA, Bon KIMURA, Hajime KADOTA, Hiroyuki NAKAHARA1982 Volume 48 Issue 9 Pages 1281-1287
Published: 1982
Released on J-STAGE: February 29, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSIn an attempt to discover the major nutrients controlling Uroglena americana bloom in the Northern Lake Biwa, the algal bioassay was conducted by using a monoxenic culture of U. americana isolated from the bloom. From the bioassay with or without addition of nitrogen, phosphorus, iron and/or vitamins to unenriched lake water, it was discovered that phosphorus and iron were the first limiting nutrients for the algal bloom, and that the lake water contained asufficient quantity of nitrogen.View full abstractDownload PDF (481K) -
Masayuki FURUICHI, Yasuo YONE1982 Volume 48 Issue 9 Pages 1289-1291
Published: September 25, 1982
Released on J-STAGE: February 29, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSCarp Cyprinus carpio, red sea bream Chrysophrys major, and yellowtail Seriola quinqueradiata were subjected to an insulin sensitivity test and to an insulin-glucose tolerance test, in order to investigate the reason why the fish had a low capability of utilizing carbohydrate. The intramuscular injiction of insulin not only decteased blood sugar sugar levels dering fasting but also sup-pressed the increases of blood sugar levels after the administration of glucose. These results suggest that the low utilization of carbohydrate by fishes may be caused by an absolute insufficiedcy of insulin.View full abstractDownload PDF (146K) -
Taishi UEDA, Yuzuru SUZUKI, Ryoichi NAKAMURA, Motokazu NAKAHARA1982 Volume 48 Issue 9 Pages 1293-1297
Published: September 25, 1982
Released on J-STAGE: February 29, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSIn order to clarify the reason for the high accumulation of 60Co by Tridacna sp. in the field survey, a radioisotope tracer experiment was performed on Tridacna crocea. The radioacitivity of 60Co in the kidney was 64.7%, and that in the liver was 1.7%, of the total radioactivity of 60Co in the soft parts. The radioactivity of 60Co (cpm/g) in the margin of the mantle with symbiotic zooxanthellae was comparable to that in other parts of the mantle. The concertration factor and effective half life of 60Co in the kidney were estimated to be 58000 and 770 days, respectively. On the gel filtration profile, 60Co combined with one constituent in the kidney; this constituent was supposed to be a protein, from its optical density at 280 nm and the results of its electrophoresis. The molecular wegiht of this constituent was estimated to be around 3000. The constituent in the kidney migrated 15 cm in 3.5 hours under 90 mA and 200 V. The amounts of glycine, aspartic acid, and glutamic acid were dominant and were different from those in the branchial heart of Octopus vulgaris.View full abstractDownload PDF (313K) -
Tohru ISHIBASHI, Toshiharu KAWABATA1982 Volume 48 Issue 9 Pages 1299-1302
Published: September 25, 1982
Released on J-STAGE: February 29, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThere are a variety of methods available for both qualitative and quantitative determinations of nitrite in foods. However, due to the low sensitivity, many of these methods cannot accurately determine trace quantities of naturally occurring nitrite in some foods such as green vegetables and Alaska pollack roe. In addition, many of them present difficulties when applied to the analysis of certain types of foods which produce turbid or colored extracts.
We have developed a new colorimetric method for the determination of trace quantities of nitrite in foods. Sulfamerazine is employed as a diazotizing reagent, instead of sulfanilamide, which is most commonly employed. The azo dye formed is extracted into a 20% trichloroacetic acid-benzene mixture, and the absorbance is measured at 560nm. The minimum detection limit of nitrite nitrogen (NO2-N) is as low as 0.04 ppm. The method was applied for the analysis of fresh Alaska pollack roe samples. The naturally occurring NO2-N levels in these samples were found to range from 0.04 to 0.07 ppm.View full abstractDownload PDF (291K) -
Yasukatsu OSHIMA, Hijam Tombi SINGH, Yasuwo FUKUYO, Takeshi YASUMOTO1982 Volume 48 Issue 9 Pages 1303-1305
Published: September 25, 1982
Released on J-STAGE: February 29, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe resting cysts of Protogonyaulax collected from the bottom the bottom sediments of Ofunato Bay showed a toxic level of 3.1-3.4×10-4MU/cell, which was comparable to that of P. tamarensis motile cells naturally occurring in the bay. To clarify the identity of these cycts, they were germinated in the laboratory to obtain clone cultures. Sixteen cultures of Protogonyaulax were obtained out of 65 resting cysts inoculated. All of them were found to be toxic and identified as P. tamarensis by morphological examination. One of the clones coded as OFRC-789 was grown in a large scale and the paralytic shellfish toxins produced were analysed by means of column and thin layer chromatography supplemented with electrophoresis. The toxin profile was almost identical to that of P. tamarensis cultures isolated from the motile organisms form the same ares.View full abstractDownload PDF (235K) -
Toshio TAKEUCHI, Takeshi WATANABE1982 Volume 48 Issue 9 Pages 1307-1316
Published: September 25, 1982
Released on J-STAGE: February 29, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSCarp which had been fed on diets containing various kinds of essential fatty acids (EFA) for 14 weeks were starved for 86 or 93 days at different water temperatures. Rainbow trout which had been kept on a commercial diet were also starved for 42 days to allow a comparison.
The loss of boby weight and that of crude protein and lipid were more severe in the carp starved at a high water temperature. The decrease of lipids was due to a decrease of triglycerides, the amout of polar lipids were almost constant during starvation. These changes in boby weight and proximate composition during starvation were found to be quite different due to the difference of EFA which had been given to the carp before they were starved.
Fatty acid distributions in the carp boby lipids were not affected by water temperatures during starvation and by the kinds of EFA given to carp before starvation. In the polar lipids from bodies and in the triglyceride fractions from bodies and muscles, the percentage of 16:0 decreased and those of 20:4ω6 and 22:6ω3 increased by starvation. In the case of rainbow trout, the percentage of 18:1 was markedly decreased, resulting in increases of 16: 0 and 22: 6ω3 in both polar lipids and triglycerides from bodies and livers.
These results suggested that fatty acids utilized for energy during starvation are different in the cases of carp and rainbow trout.View full abstractDownload PDF (716K) -
Hirosi ANZAI, Kazutosi NISIZAWA1982 Volume 48 Issue 9 Pages 1317-1322
Published: September 25, 1982
Released on J-STAGE: February 29, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSAn extract from the acetone-treated powder of mid-gut gland of Dolabella auricularia, a marine millusk, was salted out with ammonium sulfate, then fractionated by successive gel filtrations on Sephadex G-50 and G-100 columns. A cellulase fraction practically free of β-glucosidase activity was obtained.
The cellulase preparation showed a typical endo-type hydrolysis mode for CMC. Its activity was optimal at pH 5.5 and the molecular weight was estimated to be 31, 000 by the gel filtration method. The elution patterns on isoelectric focusing of partially purified preparations suggested the presence of multiple forms in the Dolabella cellulase and β-glucosidase.View full abstractDownload PDF (415K) -
Kenshiro FUJIMOTO, Yasuko MIYAYAMA, Takashi KANEDA1982 Volume 48 Issue 9 Pages 1323-1326
Published: September 25, 1982
Released on J-STAGE: February 29, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSAn ascidian Halocynthia roretzi is known for the production of the peculiat “ ascidian ” flavor derived from n-alcohols. This paper deals with the mechanism of flavor formation which was investigated by the determination of the changes of the flavor strength during storage in muscles, viscera, and gut contents. Flavor formation in the model systems composed of crude enzymes and substrates prepared from ascidian tissues was also demonstrated. Flavor strength was evaluated from the octanol concentration, which is known to be one of the major alcohols in the flavor.
The most odoriferous part in the ascidian was the gut contents, its flavor, however, did not increase during storage. But muscle and particularly viscera enhanced their flavors during storage, in spite of being almost odorless just after being caught. In comparing the various model reaction systems prepared from gut contents, muscles, and viscera, the most pronounced activity for flavor formation was observed in viscera, followed by that of muscles. Gut contents showed no activity. These results indicate that the ascidian flavor is enzymatically formed from the precursors contained mainly in ascidian viscera.View full abstractDownload PDF (279K) -
Kenshiro FUJIMOTO, Hideo OHTOMO, Ayako KANAZAWA, Yumiko KIKUCHI, Takas ...1982 Volume 48 Issue 9 Pages 1327-1331
Published: September 25, 1982
Released on J-STAGE: February 29, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSIn the preceding paper, the enzymatic formation of the ascidian flavor derived from n-alcohols in viscera of Halocynthia roretzi was demonstrated. This paper deals with the isolation and identification of the precursors responsible for the flavor formation. The precursors have been isolated from the ethanol extracts of viscera by using solvent fractionation and chromatographic techniques. Each fraction was assayed for the activity of octanol generation in reaction with crude enzyme.
The precursors have been identified as salts of alkyl sulfates with carbon atoms 8 to 10. The structures were confirmed by elementary analyses, composition of hydrolysis products, and direct comparison of IR spectra and Rf values on TLC with those of an authentic sample. The role of alkyl sulfates in the ascidian is also discussed.View full abstractDownload PDF (349K) -
Kenzo TOYAMA, Masakazu HOSHI, Mikio ISHIGURO, Hiroshi AOE1982 Volume 48 Issue 9 Pages 1333-1339
Published: September 25, 1982
Released on J-STAGE: February 29, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSHistamine has been suspected to be responsible for the outbreak of gizzard erosion in the chicks fed on fish meal diet. To obtain innoxious products, the behavior of histamine which accumulated in the raw fish was examined over the whole process of fish meal manufacturing. Frozen sardine, or mackerel was allowed to stand at room temperature in summer (average ca. 30°C) for different periods to obtain fresh or putrefied raw fish. Each raw fish was treated by the pilot plant of wet process with rotary dryer. Then the intermediate products (press cake and stick water) and the products (ordinary meal, whole meal and fish solubles) obtained were analyzed along with the raw fish. For the evaluation of “whole meal” process, a box type dryer was also used.
As a result, significant decrease in histamine was observed in every heating process involved in the fish meal manufacturing, namely cooking of raw fish, drying of the press cake with or without addition of fish solubles, and concentration of stick water. These decrease in histamine may result from chemical changes of histamine induced by heating in the presence of carbohydrates or proteins rather than from physical loss or microbiological decomposition. The resultant substances may be causative of gizzard erosion.View full abstractDownload PDF (478K) -
Hijam Tombi SINGH, Yasukatsu OSHIMA, Takeshi YASUMOTO1982 Volume 48 Issue 9 Pages 1341-1343
Published: September 25, 1982
Released on J-STAGE: February 29, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSOne of the toxic dinoflagellates Protogonyaulax tamarensis isolated in Ofunato Bay was grown in axenic state to clarify the effects of coexistent bacteria on the toxin productivety and toxin profile of the organism. The toxicity per one cell changed according to the culture period, indicating that the variability of toxicity is associated with the physiological condition of the dinoflagellate itself, but not with the bacteria. The toxin yields in axenic culture were much higher than in unialgal culture, probably as the result of the slower growth in the former condition. A toxicity as high as 170×10-6 MU/cell was observed at the earliest stage of growth; this was comparable to those of the wild motile cells and cysts of the same species. The toxin profile of the cells cultured in bacteria-free condition was essentially the same as that of unialgally cultured ones.View full abstractDownload PDF (233K) -
Kenji HAYASHI, Toru TAKAGI1982 Volume 48 Issue 9 Pages 1345-1351
Published: September 25, 1982
Released on J-STAGE: February 29, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe characteristics of methoxy-glyceryl ethers (MGE) isolated from the liver lipids of some shark and ratfish were investigated.
The livers of the cartilaginous fish contained a small amount of MGE, ranging from 0.1% to 0.3% of lipids and from 0.3% to 3.1% of unsaponifiables.
The MGE components of the examined fish were mostly composed of saturates (17.4%-43.3%), monoenes (46.0%-68.7%), and polyenes (8.2%-19.9%) of 14-22 carbon atoms in the long alkyl chains, excluding the methoxy group. The principal components found were 2-methoxy-substitutedh exadecyl-(14.7%-29.5%), octadecyl-(0.1%-14.6%), hexadecenyl-(26.5%-50.9%), octadecenyl-(6.3%-20.9%), and docosahexaenyl-(6.5%-18.0%) glyceryl ethers. These five components comprised 73.4%-92.2% of the total.
The structures of the major components of monoenoic and polyenoic MGE were found to be 1-O-(2-methoxy-4-hexadecenyl)-, 1-O-(2-methoxy-4-heptadecenyl)-, 1-O-(2-methoxy-4-octadecenyl)-, and 1-O-(2-methoxy-4, 7, 10, 13, 16, 19-docosahexaenyl)-glycerols.View full abstractDownload PDF (455K) -
Kazuo SHIOMI, Katsumi SASAKI, Hideaki YAMANAKA, Takeaki KIKUCHI1982 Volume 48 Issue 9 Pages 1353-1356
Published: September 25, 1982
Released on J-STAGE: February 29, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe hypobranchial gland of marine gastropods belonging to the family Muricidae is known to give off a fetid odor. In order to elucieate the compounds responsible for the fetid odor, the volatiles from two muricid gastropods, Reishia (Thais) clavigera and R. (T.) bronni, were analyzed by GC and GC-MS.
The GC patterns of volatiles were almost the same regardless fo species and tissues. Based on the retention time in FID-and FPD-GC, acetone and four sulfur compounds (hydrogen sulfide, methyl mercaptan, dimethyl sulfied, and dimethyl disulfide) were identified. The presence of acetone, nethyl mercaptan, and dimethyl disulfide was also confirmed by GC-MS. Among the volatile compounds detected, methyl mercaptan and dimethyl disulfide, which were remarkably high in quantity. were judged to be responsible for the fetid odor, In two species the contents of methyl mercaptan and dimethyl disulfide were much higher in the hypobranchila gland than in the viscera and muscle. Moreover, the contents of both sulfur compounds in live specimens were comparable to those in stored ones; this result indicated that the volatile sulfur compounds were not produced during storage.View full abstractDownload PDF (289K) -
Takashi NAKAMURA, Masamichi TOYOMIZU1982 Volume 48 Issue 9 Pages 1357-1364
Published: September 25, 1982
Released on J-STAGE: February 29, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe degradation products in autoxidized linseed oil which are reactive to amino acids were investigated. The degradation product fractions prepared by gel chromatography on Sephadex LH-20, followed by HPLC on μ-Porasil, were allowed to react with GLY, and the presence of the reactive compounds in the fractions was confirmed by GLC and GC-MS analyses. Furthermore, after the reduction with NaBH4 and SnCl2 and by the catalytic hydrogenation, and the subsequent conversion of the carbonyl grouo into dimethylhydrozane and the hydroxyl group into trimethylsilyl ether, the reactive compounds were analyzed in detail by GC-MS and high resolution mass spectrometry. In the results, 4-OH-and 4-OOH-2-hexenals, 4-OH-and 4-OOH-2-nonenals, 6-OH- and 6-OOH-2, 4-octadienals, 3, 4-diOH-hexanal, 4, 5-diOH-3-heptenal, and 6, 7-diOH-2, 5-nonadienal were identified. Except for the first four, these compounds from autoxidized lipids are reported for the first time.View full abstractDownload PDF (1127K) -
Hisao KAMIYA1982 Volume 48 Issue 9 Pages 1365
Published: September 25, 1982
Released on J-STAGE: February 29, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (99K) -
Yuri OMURA, Margarita dela CRUZ, Mikio OGURI1982 Volume 48 Issue 9 Pages 1367
Published: September 25, 1982
Released on J-STAGE: February 29, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (767K) -
1982 Volume 48 Issue 9 Pages 1369
Published: 1982
Released on J-STAGE: April 22, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (33K)
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