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Volume 51, Issue 5
Displaying 1-26 of 26 articles from this issue
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Michiya MATSUYAMA, Shuhei MATSUURA1985 Volume 51 Issue 5 Pages 691-698
Published: May 25, 1985
Released on J-STAGE: February 29, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSAspects of the reproductive biology of the landlocked large type ayu Plecoglossus ahivelis in Lake Biwa, “ooayu”, were investigated from August to October in 1980. In more than half the number of ovaries after the first spawning, degeneration of developing eggs or collapse of the whole ovary was observed. Hence, after the first spawning, a small number of fish seemed to attain the second maturation. All the fish which attained the second maturation were skinny and half of them had lower gonadosomatic indexes and smaller number of mature eggs compared to those in the first maturation. No significant differences of egg diameter for various maturation stages of egg were indicated between the dwarf type ayu, “koayu”, and the ooayu. The pattern of oocyte development of ooayu showed the “trimodal twice spawning type”. Resting ocoytes in the peri-nucleolus stage which are usually present all the year round in the general serial spawners, were not observed in the ovary of ooayu after the second spawning. This fact suggests that ooayu have an inherent regulating mechanism of oocyte development adapted to the annual life of the fish, i.e. they discharge all oocytes in a single spawning season in spite of their serial spawning habit.View full abstractDownload PDF (2878K) -
Teisuke MIURA, Susumu SHIMIZU, Sakuzo NISHIYAMA1985 Volume 51 Issue 5 Pages 699-706
Published: May 25, 1985
Released on J-STAGE: February 29, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSAs fish receive signals from lures, this experiment is aimed at identifying different types of signals emitted from the signal source, i.e. lures.
Data gathering is done, based on three kinds of signals namely visual, acoustic and the signal on the lateral lines of fish body, i.e. molecular vibration of water.
Visually, the result shows that in most of the cases, no apparent visual change is seen when the lures were not in motion and when they were vibrating.
In acoustical analysis, spectral distribution of the signals fully spanned the frequency band. Thus it is assumed that lures are noise generators.
Since molecular vibration of water cannot be measured directly, it is estimated from the vibration on the lure lines. It is found that lure line vibration is highly correlated with current speeds.View full abstractDownload PDF (2328K) -
Yoshirou WATANABE1985 Volume 51 Issue 5 Pages 707-709
Published: May 25, 1985
Released on J-STAGE: February 29, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSWell-fed larvae of a freshwater goby stored glycogen, lipids and proteins in the hepatocytes and epithelial cells of the anteromedian intestine and the rectum, respectively. The larvae excreted food organisms within 2h of feeding. The nutriments in each type of cell began to decrease when the larvae had been starved for 5h. One-day-fasting resulted in the complete disappearance of the stored nutriments. The rectal epithelium showed degenerative changes in the larvae starved for 2 days.View full abstractDownload PDF (1190K) -
Gultneh SOLOMON, Makoto SHIMIZU, Yukio NOSE1985 Volume 51 Issue 5 Pages 711-716
Published: May 25, 1985
Released on J-STAGE: February 29, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe gut contents of rose bitterling consist mainly of diatoms, with a smaller proportion of crustaceans and green algae. Although flagellates are found in the gut together with diatoms, crustaceans, and green algae, they are not considered to be an important food item. Seasona lvariation in the gut composition takes place so that in October and November diatoms make 83-88% of the composition while green algae and crustaceans are found in small percentages. No difference was found in the food compositions of larval and older fish guts examined. A high percentage of empty guts were observed in fish after hours of darkness, and it is assumed that the fish is a day-active feeder that looks for food using visual cues.
The compositions of the gut contents and that of the river plankton are more or less similar and it is not clear whether or not the fish show preference for any particular type of food organism.View full abstractDownload PDF (351K) -
Mikio OGURI1985 Volume 51 Issue 5 Pages 717-720
Published: May 25, 1985
Released on J-STAGE: February 29, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSUsing the freshwater stingrays Potamotrygon spp. and the balloonfish Diodon holacanthus, an investigation was carried out on the liver size and the amount of fat droplets in hepatocytes and the following results were obtained. The liver of the stingrays was relatively small in size among Chondrichthyes and the value of hepatosomatic index (HSI) on six specimens was 3.17±0.27% (mean±S.E.). On the other hand, the liver of the balloonfish was relatively large in size among Osterichthyes and the value of HSI on three specimens was 5.74±0.38%. As for the fat droplets in hepatocytes, their accumulation was conspicuous in both species of fishes. Thus, the livers in the freshwater stingrays and the balloonfish were confirmed as the so-called “physiologi-cally fatty liver.”View full abstractDownload PDF (950K) -
Yukinori TAKAHASHI, Yasumasa SHIMOYAMA, Kazuo MOMOYAMA1985 Volume 51 Issue 5 Pages 721-730
Published: May 25, 1985
Released on J-STAGE: February 29, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSFrom August to November in 1982, an epizootic occurred among cultured kuruma prawn Penaeus japonicus BATE in Yamaguchi and Kumamoto Prefectures. The typical symptoms of the diseased kuruma prawn were cloudiness of muscle at the 6th abdominal segment, brown spot of gill and lymphoid organ. A bacterium was isolated from the heart, lymphoid organ and muscle of all the diseased kuruma prawn. By infectivity trials the bacterium was proved to be pathogenic to kuruma prawn. These organisms were gram-negative, non-sporning rods with a single polar flagellum, and usually 0.8 to 1.0 by 1.0 to 3.0μm in size. Growth on nutrient agar was observed at 10 to 30°C. Growth occurred in media with NaCl concentration of 1.0 to 3.0 or 4.0%, but no growth occurred in the medium with 5.0%. Growth occurred on BTB Teepol agar, but no growth occurred on SS agar, MacConkey agar or Aronson agar. The organisms gave positive oxidase and catalase reaction, utilized glucose fermentatively in Hugh-Leifson's medium and did not produce gas from carbohydrates. IMViC reactions were (+, + -, +). Some distinguishing features of the organisms were negative to lysine, arginine, ornithine decarboxilization test, arginine hydrolytic test, 2, 3-butandiol dehydrogenized test and swarming test, and utilization of lactate, gluconate, sorbitol and lactose. The organisms were sensitive to the vibriostatic agent 0/129 and novobiocin.
The above-mentioned properties suggest genus Vibrio, but these properties disagreed with those of known Vibrio. Therefore, under the present conditions that the organisms were not examined for DNA base composition, the isolates should be identified as Vibrio sp..View full abstractDownload PDF (1233K) -
Osamu FUKUHARA1985 Volume 51 Issue 5 Pages 731-743
Published: May 25, 1985
Released on J-STAGE: February 29, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSLarval red sea bream were reared in the laboratory to describe the development of organs and behavior, and their implications on early life stage. Transformation from post-larval to juvenile stages occurred when fish attained 7.6mm SL to 8.6mm SL; 25 to 29 days after they were hatched. During this phase, organogenesis occurred internally, and subsequent developmental stages were observed externally.
With the functional development of the various organs, fish behaviors particularly swimming speed, increased remarkably. In the wild, change in fish habits was also found as the individuals developed.
Consequently, it is considered that the morphological development and organogenesis were closely implicated with the change in the life style of the red sea bream.View full abstractDownload PDF (857K) -
Nobuhiko TANAKA1985 Volume 51 Issue 5 Pages 745-748
Published: May 25, 1985
Released on J-STAGE: February 29, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe growth rates of naturally attached micro-algae were determined at both species and whole community levels in Ago Bay during November and December, 1982 by dialysis culture technique under in situ environmental conditions.
The growth rate of the whole communities were between 0.25 and 0.66 day-1 at 1m, and mostly decreased with the depth. On the other hand, the growth rate of each species varied greatly, for example, 1.04 day-1 in Nitzschia longissima to -0.07 in Stauroneis sp. at 1m, and mostly decreased with the depth.
The depth profiles of the growth rates for the whole community and each species mentioned above seemed to generally show light-saturation near the surface. However, some species presented greater rates in the middle layer (3-7m) than the surface.View full abstractDownload PDF (238K) -
Takahiko IRIE1985 Volume 51 Issue 5 Pages 749-754
Published: May 25, 1985
Released on J-STAGE: February 29, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe geographical and seasonal distribution of juvenile chum salmon Oncorhynchus keta were surveyed off the Pacific coasts of Hokkaido and Honshu from May to July, 1981-84. Juvenile chum salmon were sampled either by spoon nets or angling combined with a fish lamp, and purse seine. A total of 1845 juveniles of 3-14 cm in fork length were collected, 88% of them were over 8cm FL. They were found in the coastal waters within 100 km of the nearest shore. In the waters off Hokkaido the juveniles were abundant within 30 km of the shore. It was suggested that the juvenile chum salmon of 8-11 cm FL were in the process of offshore migration. The migrating juveniles occurred from late May to early June in the waters from the eastern mouth of Tsugaru Strait to Hidaka, and from mid-June to late June, they were found in large numbers in the offshore area of Tohoku, Honshu. Then, they seemed to be concentrated in the coastal waters, from early July toward mid-July, along the Pacific coast of Hokkaido, Hidaka to Akkeshi.View full abstractDownload PDF (393K) -
Atsushi HAGIWARA, Akinori HINO, Reijiro HIRANO1985 Volume 51 Issue 5 Pages 755-758
Published: May 25, 1985
Released on J-STAGE: February 29, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe effects of 70 combinations of temperatures, chlorinities and photoperiods on the hatching of fertilized eggs of the rotifer Brachionus plicatilis were investigated in a laboratory. Egg samples were collected from an outdoor pond. Almost all the tested eggs hatched simultaneously. Both hatching rate and time required for hatching vary depending on external conditions. The best hatching in regard to hatch-ability and incubation period was observed at 25°C or 8‰ Cl'. Though lighting condition also affected the hatching rate of the eggs, it did not have any effect on incubation period. Combined effects of the environmental factors on the hatching were observed more remarkably than those caused by a single factor.
Transference into other environmental condition can be effective to bring about hatching of the eggs which were unhatched and still remained dormant within twice the incubation period of the first hatch. It is also suggested that the rousing of dormant egg is affected by physical stress, such as manual handling, because some eggs were observed to hatch when they were transferred into another lot of the same chlorinity. The effect of lighting is considered to be subject to other environmental conditions, that is, temperature and chlorinity.View full abstractDownload PDF (253K) -
Chikara KITAJIMA, Yasuo TSUKASHIMA, Masaru TANAKA1985 Volume 51 Issue 5 Pages 759-764
Published: May 25, 1985
Released on J-STAGE: February 29, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSRearing experiments were made to determine the mechanism of diel swim bladder inflation and deflation in the red sea bream Pagrus major larvae. Swim bladder volume index (V/L3•10-6) was found to increase remarkably with growth during the larval stage, and remain nearly constant in the juvenile stage.
The volume index was higher at night than in the day time under natural light conditions. However, under constant 24-h illumination such differences could not be observed. By changing the light conditions from dazk to light, the volume index decreased to half within 2h. Furthermore, with the reverse changing from light to dark, it increased to maximum level about lh after the onset of dark. Sealing the water surface of the tank with a layer of liquid paraffin, did not interfere with swim bladder inflation under dark condition and larvae clearly displayed the diel rhythm of night-inflation and day-deflation under natural light conditions.
These results suggest that increase in the swim bladder volume in the physoclist species of red sea bream, is not caused by swallowing air at the water surface such as takes place in the physostome species of anchovy, but by the internal gaseous exchange mechanism of the swim bladder according to environmental light conditions.View full abstractDownload PDF (1165K) -
Seiichi HAYASHI, Zentaro OOSHIRO1985 Volume 51 Issue 5 Pages 765-771
Published: May 25, 1985
Released on J-STAGE: February 29, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe primary culture of the freshly isolated liver cells of the eel was carried out. The isolated cells could attach, spread and form monolayer only on the dish which was coated with fibronectin. The cell number decreased during the culture and decreased by about 40 to 50% of the initial cell number after 7 days culture. The rate of protein synthesis increased during 8 days culture and the synthesis of the intracellular proteins was always higher than that of the extracellular proteins during the same period. From the investigation of synthesis of the extracellular proteins by fluorography a few proteins were synthesized and excreted by cultured hepatocytes, but the synthesis of the proteins corresponding to the bovine serum albumin was not observed.
From the comparison of glucose, glycogen, and protein synthesis in the freshly isolated and cultured cells, it was found that the cultured cells had higher activity of glycogen and protein synthesis than the isolated cells. The rate of protein synthesis in the cultured cells was 10 to 100 times higher than that in the isolated cells. However, the rate of glucose synthesis in the freshly
isolated liver cells was higher than that of the cultured cells.View full abstractDownload PDF (2872K) -
Hideo HATATE, Masamichi TOYOMIZU1985 Volume 51 Issue 5 Pages 773-776
Published: May 25, 1985
Released on J-STAGE: July 08, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe authors studied the reaction of diisopropylphosphoryltrypsin (DIP-trypsin), whose properties are quite similar to those of trypsin except for being enzymatically inactive, with the polymer of oxidized methyl linolenate (oxd MLn) as a model system of the reaction of trypsin with the polymer. By the reaction a considerable amount of the insoluble substance was produced from DIP-α- and DIP-β-trypsin. Sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS)-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis pattern showed that the insoluble substance consisted of DIP-trypsin monomer but not of DIP-trypsin polymerized by the intermolecular cross-linking among DIP-trypsin. Moreover, it was found that 2.6 to 3.9 mol of the polymer bound covalently per mol of DIP-trypsin by using [14C]polymer and by chromatography on Sepharose 4B in the presence of SDS.View full abstractDownload PDF (1256K) -
Keijiro SEZAKI, Hiromu KOBAYASI, Shugo WATABE, Kanehisa HASHIMOTO1985 Volume 51 Issue 5 Pages 777-781
Published: May 25, 1985
Released on J-STAGE: February 29, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe erythrocyte size of cobitid fishes inhabiting Japan was examined in relation to polyploidy. The major axis of erythrocyte ranged from 11.11 to 12.65μm in the following phylogenetically diploid species: Misgurnus anguillicaudatus (dojo), Barbstula toni (fuku-dojo) Lefua nikkonis (ezo-hotoke), Cobitis takatsuensis (ishi-dojo) and Niwaella delicata (ajime-dojo). However, erythrocytes of Lefua echigoni (hotoke-dojo) showed the major axis as short as 8.71μm.
In Cobitis biwae (shima-dojo), Cobitis taenia taenia (tairiku shima-dojo), and Cobitis taenia striata (sujishima-dojo) the major axis of erythrocyte of the diploids was measured to be 11.91-12.88μm, whereas that of the tetraploid (or the specimen whose chromosome number is somewhat smaller than that of the tetraploid) was 14.35-15.98μm.
A possibility was suggested that the erythrocyte size is associated with not only chromosome number but also with some unknown factors.View full abstractDownload PDF (342K) -
Michiko SHIMOMURA, Juichiro J. MATSUMOTO1985 Volume 51 Issue 5 Pages 783-791
Published: May 25, 1985
Released on J-STAGE: February 29, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSKasuzuke is a processing where fish meat and vegetables are cured in lees of sake (Japanese rice wine) for the purpose of preservation. In kasuzuke the fish meat cured in sake lees acquires a peculiar texture. Changes in muscle proteins were examined in relation with the texture changes. Spanish mackerel fillets were cured in sake lees after salting and were stored at 4°C for 1, 7, 14, 21 and 28 days. The fillets were submitted to the tests and measurements for firmness (after being cooked), extractability of proteins, viscosity and natural fluorescence of actomyosin solutions and the analysis of proteins by SDS-PAGE after various periods. For control, fillets were stored with the addition of 2% NaC1 or without any treatment. Firmness of the texturometer test increased after a day and 7 days, then decreased after 14 days and 21 days. Extractability of actomyosin and water soluble proteins did not change appreciably for 28 days. The changes in reduced viscosity and relative fluorescence intensity suggested that the conformations of actomyosin of muscle cured in sake lees have changed. SDS-PAGE patterns showed that the proteins of muscle cured in lees were decomposed during storage into fragments with smaller molecular weights. The decomposition of proteins were attributed to the effect of the acid proteinases in the sake lees. The texture changes during the curing in lees were suggested to come from the changes of proteins.View full abstractDownload PDF (2740K) -
Nobuo SEKI, Hisashi MATSUBARA, Hirotaka YANAGISAWA, Ken-ichi ARAI1985 Volume 51 Issue 5 Pages 793-798
Published: May 25, 1985
Released on J-STAGE: February 29, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSAn amount of water held by the isolated myofibrils from carp dorsal muscle was measured using a modification of the centrifugation technique. A specific amount of water retained was determined from the apparent specific amount of water retained in the myofibrils by subtracting the amount of interstitial water remaining in the wholly denatured myofibrils. It was thus found that the specific amount of water held in myofibrils was minimal at a NaCI concentration range of 0.01-0.2M. The myosin B suspension retained 4 times the amount of water than that of the myofibrils.
At a final concentration of Tris-acetate buffer (pH7.0) between 2.5-20mM, the specific amount of water held by the myofibrils was found to be inversely proportionate to the concentration of the buffer. Therefore, we proposed that a product of the specific amount of water and the buffer concentration is an useful index for assaying the water holding capacity of the myofibrils. Using this index, it was shown that the water holding capacity of the myofibrils decreased in accordance with the first order kinetics during incubation at 30-50°C. The rate of decrease in the water holding capacity of the myofibrils was about half of that of denaturation of the myofibrillar EDTA-ATPase.View full abstractDownload PDF (1201K) -
Chiaki IMADA, Usio SIMIDU, Nobuo TAGA1985 Volume 51 Issue 5 Pages 799-803
Published: May 25, 1985
Released on J-STAGE: February 29, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSMarine bacteria which produced extracellular alkaline protease inhibitor were isolated and identified. A new and simple casein double layer agar method was employed for a quick screening of the inhibitor producers. Out of the 878 isolates from Aburatsubo Inlet, Kanagawa, Japan, only three strains produced the inhibitor whereas no inhibitor producer was found out of the 1, 961
isolates from other sea areas. Among the three inhibitor producers, strain B-10-31 showed the largest inhibitory zone, suggesting that this strain had the strongest inhibitory activity.
All the inhibitor producing strains were aerobic, polarly flagellated, Gram-negative, rodshaped organisms with low G+C contents in their DNAs (39.9 to 42.0mol%). They required NaCI for growth, which indicates that they are of marine origin. All the strains hydrolyzed complex polymers like casein, DNA, gelatin and starch. None of them utilized organic acids. Based on these taxonomical characteristics, they were identified as Alteromonas spp. Although the three strains belonged to the same genus, strain B-10-31 differed considerably in its characteristics from the other two (B-3-62 and B-3-87).
This is the first report of a protease inhibitor producing bacteria isolated from seawater.View full abstractDownload PDF (977K) -
Chiaki IMADA, Nobuo TAGA, Masachika MAEDA1985 Volume 51 Issue 5 Pages 805-810
Published: May 25, 1985
Released on J-STAGE: February 29, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe marine Alteromonas sp. B-10-31 has been found to produce a very strong extracellular subtilisin inhibitor. We named this inhibitor “Marinostatin” and the optimal medium of strain B-10-31 for the production of Marinostatin was studied. Among various different nitrogen and carbon sources, 0.6% (w/v) polypepton (Daigo) proved to be the most effective nitrogen source and 0.05% (w/v) glucose stimulated the bacterial growth and production of Marinostatin. The maximum production (22.0 Unit/ml) was obtained at pH 6.0 in full strength seawater at 20°C and shaking for 24-33 hrs. The production of Marinostatin was almost parallel to the growth of the strain used. Unlike other protease inhibitors reported so far, Marinostatin was unstable in the stationary phase of growth due to the production of a proteolytic enzyme by the strain.
The crude Marinostatin was thermostable and showed a wide range of pH stability. It also exhibited inhibitory activity against a wide variety of proteases.View full abstractDownload PDF (424K) -
Nazrul MD. ISLAM, Terushige MOTOHIRO, Takao ITAKURA1985 Volume 51 Issue 5 Pages 811-815
Published: May 25, 1985
Released on J-STAGE: February 29, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSVarious factors influencing the bactericidal action of clupeine sulfate on Bacillus organisms were studied. Clupeine sulfate was found more active in neutral and alkaline pH regions. The ionic strength of the buffer greatly influenced the bactericidal action, 0.5M phosphate buffer almost inhibited the bactericidal action of clupeine sulfate. Temperature had only a little effect on the bactericidal action. Although the increased salt concentration in the media largely reduced the bactericidal action of clupeine, the ionic strength of the metal ions was far more important than that of molarity of the salts. The ionic strengths of more than 0.15-0.20 of metal ions drastically reduced the bactericidal action. Mg and Ca ions were more inhibitory than that of Na and K ions. Organic substances in the media had very little or no effect on the bactericidal action of the protamine under study.View full abstractDownload PDF (310K) -
Koji MURAMOTO, Hisao KAMIYA1985 Volume 51 Issue 5 Pages 817-824
Published: May 25, 1985
Released on J-STAGE: February 29, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDansyl and dabsyl amino acids were separated by reverse-phase high-performance liquid chromatography on a short column (4.6×50mm) packed with 3μm ODS particles using a gradient formed from acetone and 10 mM sodium phosphate buffer, pH 6.5 or 7. 0. The light absorption of the derivatives was used for the detection giving a sensitivity of less than 50 pmol for a dansyl derivative or 10 pmol for a dabsyl derivative. This system was applicable to the amino acid analyses, amino-terminal analyses, and carboxyl-terminal analyses with less than 1 nmol of peptides.View full abstractDownload PDF (483K) -
Shin-ichi SAKAMOTO, Yuzo YAMADA, Nobuo SEKI1985 Volume 51 Issue 5 Pages 825-831
Published: May 25, 1985
Released on J-STAGE: February 29, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSCalpain II, which requires millimolar calcium concentration for its activity, was extracted and purified from carp and rabbit skeletal muscles by using successive chromatographies of DEAF-cellulose, Ultrogel AcA 34, 2nd DEAE-cellulose, and Sephacryl S-300. Each of the purified calpain migrated as a single band on SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis.
The molecular weight of carp and rabbit calpains was estimated to be 80, 000 and 74, 000, respectively by gel filtration and SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. The caseinolytic activity of the purified calpain was 147.4 and 203.0 unit/mg at pH 7.0 for carp and rabbit calpains, respectively. It was thus supposed that calpin content was 83.4 unit in 100g of carp muscle, while 215 unit in rabbit muscle.
Although both calpains had similar Ca2+ requirement (50% activation at 0.6-1.0mM CaCl2) and heat-stability, rabbit calpain appeared to be less negatively charged than carp calpain based on their elution profiles from a DEAE-cellulose column. The optimum pH was 7.0 for carp calpain, while 7.5 for rabbit calpain. Rabbit calpain activity reduced more markedly in the presence of higher concentration of NaCl or KCl.View full abstractDownload PDF (1888K) -
Ikushi MATSUMOTO, Tooru OOIZUMI, Ken-ichi ARAI1985 Volume 51 Issue 5 Pages 833-839
Published: May 25, 1985
Released on J-STAGE: February 29, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSTo study the protective effect of sugar on denaturation of myofibrillar protein, carp myofibrils suspension in a medium containing 0.16M KCI, 40 mM Tris-buffer of pH 7.5, 6.5 or 5.8, and various concentrations of sucrose or sorbitol (0-1.0M) was stored at-20°C and the change in Ca-ATPase activity was measured as a function of the lapse of storage time (for 100 days).
The inactivation of Ca-ATPase was found to proceed in two first-order steps: an early fast decrease (kD ?? ), followed by a slow decrease (kD ?? ). For the case of slow inactivation at pH 7.5 and with a higher concentration (M) of sugar; however, a slower step could not be distinguished.
The protective effect of sugar on the denaturation of myofibrillar protein during frozen storage was estimated from the slope of linear relation between the logarithm of kD ?? and sugar concentration (M).
It was thus found that the protective effect of sugar was enhanced on the denaturation of myofibrillar protein during frozen storage at around pH 7.5. The effect of sucrose was slightly stronger than that of sorbitol upon the addition of the same molarity (mol/l) to the myofibrils suspension.View full abstractDownload PDF (502K) -
Tomoki YANO, Hiroko ANDO, Miki NAKAO1985 Volume 51 Issue 5 Pages 841-846
Published: May 25, 1985
Released on J-STAGE: February 29, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe action of carp complement on sensitized cells (EA) proceeds in two steps requiring Ca2+ and Mg2+, respectively. In order to decide which of these steps precedes in immune hemolysis, we carried out a kinetic experiment by use of a buffer and carp serum depleted of cations by passage through Amberlite IRC-50. In a reaction mixture composed of EA (sheep red blood cells sensi-tized with carp antibody), carp complement, optimal Ca2+ and optimal Mg2+, the hemolysis took place after a lag period of about 10min, but when Ca2+ was present at zerotime and Mg2+ was added 20min later, there was almost no lag. On the contrary, when Mg2+ was present at zerotime and Ca2+ was added 20min later, there was a lag of about 20min. These observations indicate that the step requiring Ca2+ precedes that in which Mg2+ functions. A hemolytic intermediate complex, which was provisionally designated EACx', was prepared by treating EA with carp complement in the presence of Ca2+, but with the absence of Mg2+ at 20°C for 10min. Furthermore, carp serum free from Cx', which was provisionally designated Cy', was also obtained by treating resin-passed carp serum with excessive EA in the presence of Ca2+ but absence of Mg2+ at 0°C for 3h. It was confirmed that the cells in the state EACx' were completely lysed when treated with a sufficient quantity of Cy' and optimal Mg2+, and that Cy' did not react with EA even in the presence of optimal Mg2+.View full abstractDownload PDF (440K) -
Akihiko HASHIMOTO, Noboru KATOH, Hisashi NOZAKI, Ken-ichi ARAI1985 Volume 51 Issue 5 Pages 847-853
Published: May 25, 1985
Released on J-STAGE: February 29, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSSalted meat paste and surimi (defrosted) were separately stored at various temperatures (2-45°C) to study the effect of temperature on the change in their gel forming ability by measuring the jelly strength of Kamaboko gel. The first order rate constants (kJ) for the deterioration in gel forming ability of the salted meat paste and the surimi increased in the order of tilapia<white croaker<Alaska pollack. A comparison of the kJ, values of the salted meat paste and the surimi from the same fish species revealed that the deterioration of the salted meat paste occurred at a faster rate during storage. The rate constants (kD) for the denaturation of myofibrillar Ca-ATPase in the salted meat paste and the surimi during storage were also determined at various temperatures. It was thus found that thermodynamic activation parameters, estimated from the ARRHENIUS plots of kD values, were proximate to the same parameters from the deterioration reaction of gel forming ability in both cases of the salted meat paste and the surimi for each fish species.
These results indicated that the deterioration of the salted meat paste during storage was attributable to the accelerated deterioration of surimi by mixing with 3% NaCI, and that the deterioration of both salted meat paste and surimi were caused by thermal denaturation of myofibrillar protein.View full abstractDownload PDF (529K) -
EIJI NIWA, Teruo NAKAYAMA, Iwao HAMADA1985 Volume 51 Issue 5 Pages 855
Published: May 25, 1985
Released on J-STAGE: February 29, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (82K) -
Kazuko TOMIOKA, Kinji ENDO1985 Volume 51 Issue 5 Pages 857
Published: May 25, 1985
Released on J-STAGE: February 29, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (97K)
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