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Volume 59, Issue 4
Displaying 1-28 of 28 articles from this issue
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Masato Washio, Shin-ichi Komiya, Toru Takita1993 Volume 59 Issue 4 Pages 575-580
Published: April 25, 1993
Released on J-STAGE: February 29, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSOvaries of the mudskipper, Boleophthalmus pectinirostris (N=327), collected from May 1988 to August 1989 were observed histologically, and the frequency distributions of the oocyte diameters were examined. In both 1988 and 1989, the fish spawned from May to July with intensive spawning in June. Yolk accumulating oocytes were grouped in an ovary into two developmental stages in well-matured ovaries. Moreover, some ovaries were filled with yolked oocytes together with postovulatory follicles in the spawning season. The aspects in the ovary indicate that the females spawn several times in a single spawning season. No specimens had oocytes which had developed over the migratory nucleus stage, indicating that the maturation after this stage proceeds in the spawning nest in the burrow. Some 1-year-old and most 2- and 3-year-old females participated in spawning. The minimum size of spawning females was about 90mm in standard length.View full abstractDownload PDF (1509K) -
Masayoshi Murakoshi, Hachiro Hirata1993 Volume 59 Issue 4 Pages 581-587
Published: April 25, 1993
Released on J-STAGE: February 29, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThis experiment was carried out to demonstrate the possibility of sefl-fertilization using ammonium-treated eggs and untreated sperm from a single individual and of development up to the D-shaped stage in obtained larvae of four species, Tridacna crocea, Tridacna squamosa, Tridacna maxima, and Hippopus hippopus.
The injection of serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine) creatinine sulfate into the gonads of T. crocea induced liberation of sperm and eggs. Fertilized eggs subsequently developed into D-shaped larvae. This demonstrated the ability of self-fertilization in these species.
Self-fertilized larvae of T. crocea, T. squamosa, and T. maxima were reared on cultured zooxanthellae for about 2 weeks. When the larvae were found to be symbiotic with zooxanthellae, feeding was stopped. The sizes of the surviving larvae were 3.6mm, 10.6mm, and 0.2mm in shell length, respectively, for the species investigated.View full abstractDownload PDF (446K) -
Shinji Kirihara, Ryoichi Nakamura, Motokazu Nakahara, Masahiro Notoya, ...1993 Volume 59 Issue 4 Pages 589-592
Published: April 25, 1993
Released on J-STAGE: February 29, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSFour radioisotopes (85Sr, 137Cs, 57Co, and 65Zn) were inoculated at the meristem of adult or juvenile blades of the brown alga Ecklonia stolonifera Okamura in which the adult thallus is connected with the juvenile thallus by stoloniferous haptera. The result clearly showed that 85Sr, 137Cs, and 57Co were translocated in the thallus. Three hours after inoculation to the meristem of the adult blade, the highest radioactivity of translocated isotopes was obtained in the juvenile blade. When inoculated to the meristem of the juvenile blade, high radioactivities were observed in the stolon and haptera after one hour, whereas after 2-3 hours high radioactivity was observed in the meristem of the adult blade. It is clear that these elements taken up from the blade meristem are translocated to another blade through the stipe and stoloniferous haptera. 65Zn, however, did not show a clear tendency of translocation.View full abstractDownload PDF (277K) -
Akiko Kanamori, Ken Kitajima, Yasuo Inoue, Sadako Inoue, Katsuhiro Hos ...1993 Volume 59 Issue 4 Pages 593-600
Published: April 25, 1993
Released on J-STAGE: February 29, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSImmunochemical methods to distinguish female and male salmonid fish prior to genital maturation with anti-vitellogenin (Vg) antibody have been developed. Diluted plasma of each fish was subjected to enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) using rabbit antiserum raised against Vg purified from the plasma of estradiol-injected male Oncorhynchus mykiss (rainbow trout) and the sex was tested with 100% accuracy in June, 4 months before spawning. Even in April or May, the method was applied with 80% accuracy. The present method required less than 2 ?? 3, μl of the blood sample, which we collected by picking up a piece of gill filament from individual fish and placing it in phosphate-buffered saline. By employing a dot-blotting method of ELISA on a polysulfone membrane, the test was completed in about 4 hours. The present method using anti-rainbow trout Vg can be used for other fish whose Vg cross-reacted with this antibody, for example, Oncorhynchus masou (yamame in Japanese) and Salvelinus leucomaenis pluvius (iwana in Japanese).View full abstractDownload PDF (1971K) -
Yoshiharu Nakamura, Nobuo Hirayama, Takako Fukamachi1993 Volume 59 Issue 4 Pages 601-608
Published: April 25, 1993
Released on J-STAGE: February 29, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSA fishery management system was developed to produce a reasonable operation method for fishery of the Sakhalin surf clam Spisula sachalinensis, and was applied at an experimental fishing area. The system was used by a fishery management commission organized by fishermen. The system consisted of three subprograms: 1) a monitoring and analysis program of stock distribution and unit price fluctuations, 2) a program to determine concrete effort arrangement and optimum ship operation, 3) an evaluation program of fishing operations. When the system was applied, a significant imporvement was obtained, as compared with that of unorganized fishing. It is suggested that the program system enables selective fishing in consideration of market prices and the effective utilization of surf clam stock.View full abstractDownload PDF (563K) -
Syuiti Kitada, Kazuhiko Hiramatsu, Hirohisa Kishino1993 Volume 59 Issue 4 Pages 609-613
Published: April 25, 1993
Released on J-STAGE: February 29, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThis paper considers the partial likelihood procedure for estimating fishing and natural mortality rates from tag recoveries. We consider the likelihood function of the multinomial model, and two models of mortality rates with a change-point against constant mortality are introduced. Explicit estimators of fishing mortality rates are derived. The asymptotic variances of total mortality rates and fishing mortality rates are also obtained explicitly, though a simple numerical solution is needed for estimating the total mortality rates. The procedure was applied to recovery data of red seabream Pagrus major in the Seto Inland Sea. The partial likelihood worked in the same way as the full one and was effective. It took about only four minutes to obtain estimates using partial likelihood, but it took about eight hours from the approach of full likelihood. Partial likelihood is powerful for analysis under the multinomial model.View full abstractDownload PDF (321K) -
Kyoichi Tamai1993 Volume 59 Issue 4 Pages 615-620
Published: April 25, 1993
Released on J-STAGE: February 29, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSIn Japan, the semelid small bivalve Theora fragilis is common in muddy bottoms of eutrophic semi-enclosed bays where oxygen-deficiency occurs in summer. However, its tolerance to low concentrations of dissolved oxygen (DO) has not been studied. In the present study, the tolerance and behavior of T. fragilis in low DO concentration were examined in laboratory experiments. In anoxic conditions, the bivalves survived for 2 days at 15°C or 1 day at 25°C. In severe hypoxia (DO concentration: 1.3-1.4mg/l), almost all individuals survived for at least 4 days without ir-reversible physiological injury, though feeding activities were reduced. The behavior and sur-vivorship under moderate hypoxia (DO concentration: 2.2-2.4 mg/l) were similar to those under normal air saturation; feeding was very active and all individuals survived throughout the experi-ment. These results imply that T. fragilis has a fairly high tolerance to low DO concentrations. It was discussed that such a fairly high tolerance might be useful for the survival and prosperity of T. fragilis populations.View full abstractDownload PDF (509K) -
Teruo Azuma, Yasuo Itzawa1993 Volume 59 Issue 4 Pages 621-626
Published: April 25, 1993
Released on J-STAGE: February 29, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe gas exchange in the gills of porgy Pagrus major was studied under a normoxic, resting condition. Experimental fish (N=25, 574±103g in body weight) were cannulated to the buccal and opercular cavities and the dorsal aorta. After recovery from the effect of the surgical operation, respiratory parameters such as oxygen consumption, ventilation volume, respiratory frequency, percent oxygen utilization, oxygen content of the arterial blood etc. were determined. The results of the present study were compared with those from studies of four other species by standardization to 1kg in body weight and 20°C in temperature. The porgy showed an intermediate value in oxygen consumption between active species, i.e. yellowtail and rainbow trout, and non-active ones, i.e. carp and dogfish, while the ventilation volume of the porgy was close to the former group and the oxygen content of the arterial blood was close to the latter group. These results are considered to reflect the ecological features of the porgy, and indicate that the swimming activity of the porgy is intermediate between the two groups.View full abstractDownload PDF (460K) -
Chang-Doo Park, Ko Matuda, Fuxiang Hu, Tadashi Tokai1993 Volume 59 Issue 4 Pages 627-632
Published: April 25, 1993
Released on J-STAGE: February 29, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe hydrodynamic characteristics of cambered plates were investigated in free stream and near the bottom. Five cambered plates of 0, 5, 10, 15, and 20% camber ratios with the same aspect ratio (λ=1.5) were used in the experiment. Three hydrodynamic components of these plates in free stream and near the bottom were measured in a circulating water tank. The differences in the maximum lift coefficient between those in free stream and those near the bottom were only slight. This means that the bottom has little effect on the hydrodynamic characteristics of cambered plates. Moreover, the maximum lift coefficient of the plate of CR=15% was maintained at approximately 1.6 near the bottom in the range of an attack angle from 15° to 27°, which is wider than the range from 18° to 27° in free stream.View full abstractDownload PDF (319K) -
Chang-Hoon Kim, Yoshihiko Sako, Yuzaburo Ishida1993 Volume 59 Issue 4 Pages 633-639
Published: April 25, 1993
Released on J-STAGE: February 29, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSEight isolates of the dinoflagellates Alexandrium tamarense and A. catenella germinated from benthic cysts were cultivated in axenic and clonal batch conditions, and changes in PSP toxin content and composition were analyzed by HPLC-fluorometric analysis. Toxin content per cell in two isolates of A. tamarense began to increase gradually from the latter half of the light phase to the middle of the dark phase, and then suddenly decreased. This decrease coincided with cell division. In all isolates of A. tamarense and A. catenella examined through growth phases, toxin composition remained relatively constant at least during exponential growth, while total toxin content increased rapidly in early and mid-exponential growth phase and then decreased drastically as the culture aged.
These results and our previous result regarding mendelian inheritance of toxin composition suggest that toxin composition differences have a genetic basis in AlexandriumView full abstractDownload PDF (463K) -
Chang-Hoon Kim, Yoshihiko Sako, Yuzaburo Ishida1993 Volume 59 Issue 4 Pages 641-646
Published: April 25, 1993
Released on J-STAGE: February 29, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSAxenic clonal isolates of the dinoflagellates Alexandrium tamarense and A. catenella derived from benthic cysts from Ofunato Bay (Iwate Prefecture, Japan), Tanabe Bay (Wakayama Prefecture, Japan) and motile cells from the Seto Inland Sea were subjected to toxin analysis by HPLC. Toxin contents and compositions of two or four sexually different vegetative cell germinated from each cyst were compared, In A. tamarense, the toxin compositions (mole%) of six isolates were relatively constant, but one isolate showed a clear distinction in a lack of N-sulfocarbamoyl (Cx) toxins. In A. catenella, the toxin composition was rather uniform within a geographical region. Moreover, toxin compositions of A. catenella isolates from Tanabe Bay and the Seto Inland Sea were clearly distinguished from those of A. catenella from Ofunato Bay. These results indicate the occurence of inter-and intra-specific indigenous populations from distant localities, and the toxin profiles separate one morphospecies into two regional populations.View full abstractDownload PDF (375K) -
Masaharu Ohgai, Toshio Matsui, Koichiro Ono, Koji Tsujinaka, Hiroshi O ...1993 Volume 59 Issue 4 Pages 647-652
Published: April 25, 1993
Released on J-STAGE: February 29, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSA culture experiment was made to obtain biological information on the role of compounds in the mass production of microalga for four species, Tetraselmis tetrathele, Pavlova lutheri, Chaetoceros gracilis, and Navicula ramosissima. The compounds used were four kinds of carboxylic acids, citric acid, L-malic acid, fumaric acid, succinic acid, and their sodium salts. The culture of the microalgae was made using enriched seawater (PES, PESSi) with differentconcentrations of each compound.
The growth of alga was accelerated by the addition of carboxylic acid with an optimal concentration: 100μg/ml of citric acid or succinic acid for T. tetrathele, 30μg/ml of citric acid or malic acid for P. lutheri, and 30μg/ml of citric acid, malic acid, or succinic acid for C. gracilis and N. ramosissima, respectively.
The growth of alga was also accelerated by the addition of carboxylate with an optimal concentration: 100μg/ml of citrate for T. tetrathele, and 100μg/ml of citrate or malate for P. lutheri, C. gracilis, and N. ramosissima, respectively.
Each one of the compounds was effective to promote the growth of these microalgae, although the effect for growth promotion may depend on the compounds added.View full abstractDownload PDF (510K) -
Sadao Shimeno, Takafumi Shikata1993 Volume 59 Issue 4 Pages 653-659
Published: April 25, 1993
Released on J-STAGE: February 29, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSSeasonal changes of carbohydrate-metabolizing enzyme activity and body composition were investigated in common carp Cyprinus carpio fed to satiation with a commercial diet in an outdoor aquarium for more than one year. The hepatopancreatic glucosephosphate isomerase activity and serum triglyceride concentration were high in spring and summer and low in winter, reflecting changes in their feeding rates, and the reverse situation was found for GOT and GPT activities as welll as serum free amino acid and free fatty acid concentrations. The activities of glucose-6-phosphate and phosphogluconate dehydrogenases in pentosephosphate cycle increased from spring to autumn, and came up to their highest value in this season, then decreased markedly in winter. The seasonal change of these dehydrogenase activities coincided with that of the hepatopancreas and body fat content, suggesting that the decrease in environmental temperature in autumn causes an activation of the pentosephosphate cycle dehydrogenases to accelerate fatty acid synthesis in spite of a lower feeding rate, resulting in marked accumulation of body fat in early winter in the poikilothermic animal. It is also assumed that environmental temperature can cause various and reasonable changes in levels of carbohydrate-metabolizing enzymes and body components through chanes in their feeding rate.View full abstractDownload PDF (490K) -
Sadao Shimeno, Takafumi Shikata1993 Volume 59 Issue 4 Pages 661-666
Published: April 25, 1993
Released on J-STAGE: February 29, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSCommon carp Cyprinus curpio were fed for 40 days with a diet at different temperatures and feeding rates, and the activities of several carbohydrate-metabolizing enzymes and the body composition were determined at the end of the experiment. In both cold (17°C)- and warm (27°C)-acclimated fish, activities of hepatopancreatic glucosephosphate isomerase, glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase, phosphogluconate dehydrogenase, and glutamic pyruvic transaminase as well as the body lipid content increased with an increase in feeding rate, though glucose-6-phosphatase activity was nearly constant regardless of feed intake. When the fish were fed at the same feeding rates, the activities of all the enzymes tested together with apparent lipid retention were higher in the cold-acclimated fish than in the warm-acclimated fish, suggesting a metabolic compensation forcold temperature by the regulation of enzyme activity in the poikilothermic animal. The results indicate that the acclimation temperature and feeding rate separately or cooperatively affect the carbohydrate-metabolizing enzyme activities and lipid contents in the fish.View full abstractDownload PDF (488K) -
Alam AKM Nowsad, Satoshi Kanoh, Eiji Niwa1993 Volume 59 Issue 4 Pages 667-671
Published: April 25, 1993
Released on J-STAGE: February 29, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe electrophoretic behavior of cross-linked myosin heavy chain (CMHC) in suwari gel from Alaska pollack frozen surimi was investigated. The suwari gel set at 30°C was solubilized in 8 Murea-2% SDS-2% 2-mercaptoethanol-20mM Tris-HCl buffer (pH 8.0) and subjected to SDS-poly-acrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE). As the setting was prolonged, the band due to myosin heavy chain (MHC) weakened with the strengthening of the band due to CMHC at the top of the disk gel. However, more MHC and less CMHC were found when SDS-PAGE was performed in the presence of 8M urea. The CMHC was extracted with the above buffer from the top 5mm portion of the disk gel after the SDS-PAGE, and electrophoresed again. The MHC band reappeared along with a new protein band at 66k. The results suggest that the CMHC treated in this study was formed partly by the aggregation of MHC through weak bonds such as hydrogen and hydrophobic bonds.View full abstractDownload PDF (2108K) -
Kayoko Kasahara, Eriko Takahashi, Kokichi Nishibori1993 Volume 59 Issue 4 Pages 673-675
Published: April 25, 1993
Released on J-STAGE: February 29, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe suppressing effect of the peel of the yuzu, a kind of citric fruit, on niboshi odor was studied by a combination test of sensory analysis, gas chromatography, and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry.
In a sensory test, it was found that the niboshi odor was distinctly suppressed by the addition of yuzu peel.
Eight carbonyls and one alcohol identified in niboshi soup stock were also detected in the niboshi soup stock to which yuzu peel was added, and the two gas chromatographic patterns of these volatile fishy components were essentially the same.
However, six terpenes (α-pinene, β-pinene, myrcene, d-limonene, γ-terpinene, linalool) were found to be specific to the niboshi soup stock to which yuzu peel was added, and they were confirmed to be derived from yuzu peel.
The effect of the addition of the above six authentic compounds on niboshi odor was then examined by a sensory test.
It was concluded that β-pinene, d-limonene, and linalool greatly contributed to masking the odor of niboshi.View full abstractDownload PDF (219K) -
Mutsuo Hatano, Daisuke Deguchi, Koretaro Takahashi1993 Volume 59 Issue 4 Pages 677-681
Published: April 25, 1993
Released on J-STAGE: February 29, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSAssessment of fish muscle lipid oxidation was performed by using a color difference meter subsequent to a novel rapid lipid extraction procedure, which was achieved by applying (internally cross-linked) starch-grafted-polyacrylate. The color stimulus ΔX ΔT ΔZ values of 5% chloroform solution of the extracted lipid were borne out to be suitable independent variables in assessing the oxidation rate especially for the early stage of oxidation. This approach was practically viable for ordinary muscles without liposoluble pigments such as those of sardine and arabesque greenling, but could not be applied to fish which contain liposoluble pigments e. g. carotenoids. A fragrance meter equipped with synthetic bilayer lipid was applicable to monitor the early off-flavor of fish oil which is impossible to detect with a hydrogen flame ionization detector of gas chromatograph.View full abstractDownload PDF (308K) -
Takeharu Masaki, Masashi Shimomukai, Yoshiro Miyauchi, Syuji Ono, Tets ...1993 Volume 59 Issue 4 Pages 683-690
Published: April 25, 1993
Released on J-STAGE: February 29, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSTwo proteolytic enzymes designated as J-I and J-II were obtained from the extracts of jellied Pacific hake Merluccius productus muscle. Both enzymes were purified through a sequence of ammonium sulfate fractionation, chromatography on DEAE-cellulose, gel filtration on Sephadex G-100 and Bio gel P-30, and isoelectric focusing method. The final yields of the proteolytic activities for the purified J-I and J-II were 4.8 and 3.6%, with 138- and 174-fold purification, respectively. The molecular weights estimated by gel filtration were 14, 500 for J-I and 26, 000 for J-II. Their pH optima were at pH 3.0 with hemoglobin and pH 6.0 with casein. Both enzymes were inhibited by ICH2COOH, PCMB, E-64, antipain, and leupeptin, but not EDTA and pepstatin. They easily hydrolyzed Pyr-Phe-Leu-pNA and Z-Phe-Arg-MCA, but not Z-Ala-Ala-Leu-pNA, Suc-Ala-Ala-Ala-pNA, or Arg-pNA/MCA. Treatment of aldolase with each enzyme inactivated up to about 70% of the initial aldolase activity with fructose-1, 6-bisphosphate as a substrate.
Two enzymes jellied the normal muscle of Pacific hake at 40°C for 10h. Under this condition, the degradation of the muscle tissue was observed by light microscopy.
These results indicate that the proteases (J-I and J-II) are responsible for jellification of the muscle of Pacific hake and are classified as cathepsin L-like cysteine protease.View full abstractDownload PDF (2172K) -
Veronica R. Alava, Akio Kanazawa, Shin-ichi Teshima, Shunske Koshio1993 Volume 59 Issue 4 Pages 691-696
Published: April 25, 1993
Released on J-STAGE: February 29, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSP. japonicus (mean weight: female, 22.69±1.36g; male, 20.51±1.50g) were fed semi-purified diets containing either 0, 500, 1000, or 1500 mg L-ascorbyl-2-phosphate magnesium (APM) as an ascorbic acid (AsA) source per kg dry diet for 170 days to investigate their effects on growth, survival, and gonadosomatic index (GSI). Female prawns were unilaterally eyestalk-ablated on the 126th day of the experiment.
The female prawns fed with an APM deficient diet had reduced resistance to changes which incurred through eyestalk ablation. Before eyestalk ablation, the survival of females fed with an APM deficient diet was 100%; however, after ablation, high mortalities were observed. The GSI of ablated females receiving 500 or 1000mg APM/kg diet were significantly higher (P<0.05) than those fed with 1500mg. A level of 500mg APM/kg diet was sufficient to promote good growth and survival in male prawns. The GSI of males fed with an APM-deficient diet was not significantly different from those fed with 500 or 1000mg APM/kg diets. Prawn tissue AsA concentrations increased linearly with dietary levels of APM. AsA concentrations of female ovaries were higher than those of the male gonad.View full abstractDownload PDF (426K) -
Makoto Shiba, Tadahiro Numakura, Ken-ichi Arai1993 Volume 59 Issue 4 Pages 697-703
Published: April 25, 1993
Released on J-STAGE: February 29, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSSalt ground meat from walleye pollack was heated at 20 ?? 30°C for various periods by applying Joule heat and subsequently at 90°C for 30min by water thermobath. The setting-heating gel thus formed was qualified by evaluating the gel strength and the cross-linking of myosin heavy chain. The quality of the setting-heating gel was then compared with that of the same gel formed by use of air thermobath heating at 20 ?? 30°C. The record of temperature of the salt-ground meat during the heating process was also investigated.
The results are as follows:
(1) The gel strength of the setting gel formed at 20 ?? 30°C by either heating with joule heat or in a thermobath were similarly increased upon continued heating at 90°C, although the gel strength of the gel formed by joule heat was a little higher.
(2) Under the condition when the gel strength of the setting gel increased, the cross-linking reaction of myosin heavy chain also accelerated.
(3) Integrated value of heating temperature and period required to produce a setting-heating gel with the highest gel strength were almost the same between joule heat and air bath heating.View full abstractDownload PDF (480K) -
Tomoo Sawabe, Yoshio Ezura, Takahisa Kimura1993 Volume 59 Issue 4 Pages 705-709
Published: April 25, 1993
Released on J-STAGE: February 29, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSAn alginate lyase from Alteromonas sp. H-4 was used for the preparation of protoplast from young sporophytes of Laminaria japonica. Optimum conditions for the isolation of protoplasts were as follows: a) fine pieces of the sporophytes chopped by a razor were incubated in an enzyme mixture for 3 to 5h at 15°C with shaking, b) the composition of the enzyme mixture was purified alginate lyase (30U/ml) with cellulase Onozuka R-10 (1.5%) in a hypertonic solution (0.7M mannitol, 25mM MgCl2, and 5mM HEPES in 50% seawater, pH7.8). Yields of protoplast were 106-107 cells/g (sporophytes) and protoplast viability was more than 75%. Protoplasts were brown-greenish and spherical with a diameter of 10-25μm. The purity of alginate lyase from the strain H-4 scarcely influenced the yield of protoplast, but purified enzyme produced the highest viability of cells.View full abstractDownload PDF (1209K) -
Hideyo Araki, Nobuo Seki1993 Volume 59 Issue 4 Pages 711-716
Published: April 25, 1993
Released on J-STAGE: February 29, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSIt was found that all fish muscles analyzed contained transglutaminase (TGase) in an activity range of 2.41-0.10unit/g of wet weight. White croaker muscle has the highest activity, followed in descending order by carp, walleye pollack, chum salmon, atka mackerel, and rainbow trout.
The reactivity of carp TGase to various fish actomyosins was investigated in terms of the velocity of polymerization of myosin heavy chain using a medium containing 5mg/ml actomyosin, 5mM CaCl2, 0.5M NaCl, and 0-0.05 unit carp TGase at pH 7.5 and 25°C. The rates of polymerization were significantly different according to the source of actomyosin, ranging from 13.5 to 0.1h-1•unit-1. The highest value was obtained from the actomyosin of walleye pollack, followed by those of rainbow trout, chum salmon, atka mackerel, white croaker, and carp. These results suggest that the TGase-mediated cross-linking reaction of myosin heavy chain may be mainly regulated by the conformational factor of the substrate actomyosin, depending on the species of fish.
The combined effects of both factors, TGase content and reactivity, provided new insight into the species-specific set gel-formability of fish muscle pastes.View full abstractDownload PDF (2287K) -
Kunio Kobayashi, Yang Wang, Nobuyoshi Imada, Yuji Oshima, Rizald Max R ...1993 Volume 59 Issue 4 Pages 717-720
Published: April 25, 1993
Released on J-STAGE: February 29, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe effectiveness of piperonyl butoxide (PB) in reducing the mortality of striped prawn and kuruma prawn during exposure to fenitrothion (FS) was examined. The 24-h LC50 values of PB for striped and kuruma prawns were 3.5 and 1.6 ppm at 25°C, respectively. Therefore, PB-treatment for both prawns was conducted at 0.25 ppm, corresponding to one-tenth of the mean of both 24-h LC50 values.
The PB-pretreatment before FS-exposure and also the addition of PB to FS-water were effective in decreasing the FS-toxicity to both prawns. The most effective reduction of the toxicity to the prawns was obtained by continuous PB-treatment before and during FS-exposure, resulting in extensions of 50% survival time by 4-6 times in striped prawn and 10-16 times in kuruma prawn, compared with the respective control groups non-treated with PB.View full abstractDownload PDF (275K) -
Katsuyasu Tachibana, Tosio Misima, Mutsuyosi Tsuchimoto1993 Volume 59 Issue 4 Pages 721-727
Published: April 25, 1993
Released on J-STAGE: February 29, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSWe made a comparative study on changes of ultrastructure and cytochemical Mg2+-adenosine triphosphatase (Mg2+-ATPase) in ordinary muscle of cultured and wild red sea bream during storage in ice.
Degeneration of the Z lines of ordinary muscle was faster in cultured fish than in wild fish. In cultured fish, the structure of the Z lines became discontinuous within 1 day in ice. While, the Z lines showed continuity until day 3 in wild fish. Degenerations of other organella, such as the sarcoplasmic reticulum, mitochondria, A band, and I band were similar in both cultured and wild fish.
Mg2+-ATPase activity was found at the sarcoplasmic reticulum, near both ends of A band, mitochondria, and nuclear membrane in both fish immediatedly after death. Mg2+-ATPase activity in these organella became undetectable on day 5 in cultured fish, but it was still weakly detected on day 7 in wild fish.
These results suggested that ultrastructure and cytochemical Mg2+-ATPase activity are good indicators for post-mortem changes in fish muscle.View full abstractDownload PDF (5495K) -
Odang Carman, Yoichi Matsuda, Takashi Oshiro, Fumio Takashima1993 Volume 59 Issue 4 Pages 729
Published: April 25, 1993
Released on J-STAGE: February 29, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (885K) -
Motoyuki Hara, Koji Dewa, Eiichi Yamamoto1993 Volume 59 Issue 4 Pages 731
Published: April 25, 1993
Released on J-STAGE: February 29, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (854K) -
Yutaka Yano, Yuji Machiguchi, Yasuii Sakai1993 Volume 59 Issue 4 Pages 733
Published: April 25, 1993
Released on J-STAGE: February 29, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (104K) -
Boon-Keng Lim, Kazutsugu Hirayama1993 Volume 59 Issue 4 Pages 735
Published: April 25, 1993
Released on J-STAGE: February 29, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (103K)
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