NIPPON SUISAN GAKKAISHI
Online ISSN : 1349-998X
Print ISSN : 0021-5392
ISSN-L : 0021-5392
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Volume 74, Issue 3
Displaying 1-12 of 12 articles from this issue
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Prize Winners of the Japanese Society of Fisheries Science Awards 2007
Originals
  • Eco-physiological effects of suspended solids on fish
    —Effects of smectite on the respiration of the Japanese flounder Paralichthys olivaceus
    KOJI KAWANA, TAKESHI HANDA, YOSHIHIKO BABA, NAKAHIRO IWATA, KAZUMASA U ...
    2008 Volume 74 Issue 3 Pages 375-379
    Published: 2008
    Released on J-STAGE: May 28, 2008
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2331/suisan.74.375
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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      Effects of increasing concentrations of smectite (clay mineral) in seawater on the percent utilization of oxygen (UO2) and the oxygen consumption (VO2) of the Japanese flounder Paralichthys olivaceus were investigated. Body weights of fish used were 172.0±22.8 g (experiment I) and 398.6±113.2 g (experiment II). Fish were exposed to the smectite suspended in seawater (20.2±0.4°C) with two series of concentrations: 0.0 (control), 1.0, 2.1, 4.5, 9.5, and 20.0 g L-1 (experiment I) and 0.0 (control), 31.6, and 56.2 g L-1 (experiment II). In experiment I, UO2 and VO2 of the fish exposed to the smectite were not significantly different from those of the control. In experiment II, UO2 and VO2 of the fish exposed to the smectite decreased to significantly lower values (p<0.05 in 31.6 g L-1 and p<0.01 in 56.2 g L-1 solutions) than those of the control. The primary cause of decreases in UO2 and VO2 should be the ventilation failure attributed to the blockage by smectite of the space between the secondary gill filaments. The viscosity of seawater containing 31.6 g L-1 or more smectite became considerably higher (2.4±0.0 mPa s or more) than that of the seawater used (1.2±0.0 mPa s). The increase in viscosity would force the fish to consume more energy for respiration.
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  • Feeding selectivity of marine fish larvae, Verasper variegatus, Seriola quinqueradiata and Platycephalus sp. on different sizes and shape of three rotifer strains
    ATSUSHI AKAZAWA, YOSHITAKA SAKAKURA, ATSUSHI HAGIWARA
    2008 Volume 74 Issue 3 Pages 380-388
    Published: 2008
    Released on J-STAGE: May 28, 2008
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2331/suisan.74.380
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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      We compared the feeding selectivity of three marine fish larvae, spotted halibut, yellowtail and flathead, according to their growth by using two strains of L-type rotifer and one strain of S-type rotifer. In the experiment on the selectivity to shape of rotifer lorica (L and S-type), the larvae of the three species showed similar selectivity though the shape of the lorica and the anterior spines were different. In terms of rotifer size selection, the larvae of the three species positively selected smaller rotifer at the onset of feeding. However, the selection shifted to larger rotifers on 10 DAH for spotted halibut and 16 DAH for yellowtail and flathead larvae. By comparing the selectivity based on mouth size, flathead larvae showed strong selectivity to larger rotifers than spotted halibut and yellowtail larvae.
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  • Migration ecology of the herring Clupea pallasii after spawning in Miyako Bay and homing in the following year
    HIROYUKI OKOUCHI, SACHINOBU YAMANE, MASATO ARITAKI
    2008 Volume 74 Issue 3 Pages 389-394
    Published: 2008
    Released on J-STAGE: May 28, 2008
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2331/suisan.74.389
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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      We tagged and released 500 set net caught herring Clupea pallasii which had just finished spawning in Miyako Bay (MB) in the winter of 2003 and 2004. A total of 114 tag recaptures, i.e. 22.8% recapture rate, were obtained during a period of 3 years 2 months after release. Based on recaptures it was found that fish left MB shortly after spawning and migrated northward in spring and inhabited Funka Bay (FB), 300 km north of MB in summer. In the spawning season of the year following tagging and releasing, 18 (from 2003 release group) and 14 (from 2004 release group) maturing fish were recaptured in MB. Through the tag recapture of these two release groups and the already known ecological information of artificial herring juveniles released in MB until first maturing, it was considered that the herring has migrated between MB and FB seasonally, and has spawned in MB every year. Our results suggest that herring reproducing along the coast of Honshu have similar ecological characteristics concerning migration and homing as herring released in MB.
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  • Distribution and population structure of the deep-water pandalid shrimp Plesionika semilaevis in Kagoshima Bay, southern Japan
    KATSUMI NAKAHATA, JUN OHTOMI, NOZOMI NAGAI
    2008 Volume 74 Issue 3 Pages 395-401
    Published: 2008
    Released on J-STAGE: May 28, 2008
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2331/suisan.74.395
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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      The distribution and population structure of the deep-water pandalid shrimp Plesionika semilaevis were studied by experimental sampling surveys at 8 stations in Kagoshima Bay, southern Japan, from May 2003 to January 2007. A simple trawl net measuring 27.9 mm and 20.2 mm mesh size at the net body and cod end respectively was used. All individuals belonging to pisces, crustaceans (Decapoda, Stomatopoda, Mysidacea and Euphausiacea) and molluscs (Cephalopoda, Bivalvia and Gastropoda) were sorted at each haul and identified to species level, then counted and weighed in the laboratory. P. semilaevis was the most dominant species by number and weight of individuals collected in the current survey. Further, 98% of the individuals of P. semilaevis occurred at Stations 4 and 5 (180 m and 220 m depth respectively) located in the deepest part of the central bay, all year round. However, significant differences were observed in sex ratio and body size composition of P. semilaevis from these two stations. In Kagoshima Bay, the spawning and hatching grounds of P. semilaevis were estimated to cover the entire areas of its distribution.
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  • Validity of acid volatile sulfide as environmental index and experiment for fixing its standard value in aquaculture farms along the coast of Wakayama Prefecture, Japan
    Takashi UEDE
    2008 Volume 74 Issue 3 Pages 402-411
    Published: 2008
    Released on J-STAGE: May 28, 2008
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2331/suisan.74.402
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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      This study examined the validity of acid volatile sulfide (AVS) content in sediment as an environmental index in aquaculture farms and conducted an experiment for fixing its standard value.
       AVS in the sediment in summer reflects organic loads, and is closely relatied to communities of macrobenthos that are well known as an environmental index reflected the history of organic loads. An experiment showed that AVS is valid as an index for evaluating the environment of aquaculture farms.
       According to the results of analyzing the relationships between two parameters in the sediment (total organic carbon (TOC) and AVS) and biomass of macrobenthos, the environment of aquaculture farms can be classified into four types. AVS concentration below 0.22 mg g-1 is considered to be ‘the healthy area’ in which the macrobenthos biomass increases with increase of TOC. ‘The eutrophicating area’ and ‘the warning area’ are AVS of 0.22-0.43, 0.43-0.71 mg g-1, respectively. In former AVS concentrations, the decrease of biomass progresses with increase of TOC, while the latter AVS concentrations have poor macrobenthos communities. AVS concentration exceeding 0.71 mg g-1 is the azoic condition called ‘the critical area’.
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  • Population structure of the pelagic armorhead, Pseudopentaceros wheeleri, inferred from PCR-RFLP analysis of mtDNA variation
    TAKASHI YANAGIMOTO, TORU KITAMURA, TAKANORI KOBAYASHI
    2008 Volume 74 Issue 3 Pages 412-420
    Published: 2008
    Released on J-STAGE: May 28, 2008
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2331/suisan.74.412
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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      The population structure of the pelagic armorhead, Pseudopentaceros wheeleri, from eight localities in the central North Pacific Ocean was examined using mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) variation. Restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) analysis of the D-Loop region performed on PCR products revealed no area-specific RFLP profiles and frequencies of composite mtDNA haplotypes were not significantly different among sampling sites. The results suggest that the pelagic armorhead forms a single genetic stock within the sampling range in the North Pacific Ocean.
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  • Case study on the catch diversity of set net and discards operated in the southern part of Kumano-nada
    TAKESHI YAMANE
    2008 Volume 74 Issue 3 Pages 421-428
    Published: 2008
    Released on J-STAGE: May 28, 2008
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2331/suisan.74.421
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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      This study focused on the relationship between catch diversity of set net fishery and discards based on the relationship between the amount of landings, species diversity, and the amount of discards. The data used in the analysis represent the daily total landing and total discards from set nets operated in Taiji Bay, southern part of Kumano-nada (33°36′N, 135°58′E) during the 1998 and 2001 fishing periods. The results suggest that the amount of discards decreased with increase in the landings.
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