Sen'i Gakkaishi
Online ISSN : 1884-2259
Print ISSN : 0037-9875
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Volume 58, Issue 3
Displaying 1-11 of 11 articles from this issue
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  • Effect of Mechanical Properties on MIT Drape Behaviors of Fabrics
    Bao, Takatera, Sawada, Sakurai, Nakazawa, Shinohara
    Article type: scientific monograph
    Subject area: Infomation Science
    2002 Volume 58 Issue 3 Pages 77-83
    Published: 2002
    Released on J-STAGE: October 15, 2002
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2115/fiber.58.77
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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    The effect of the mechanical properties on the MIT drape behaviors of fabrics are investigated by experiment and simulation. An improved MIT drape device enables us to detect the drape shapes of fabrics specimens with higher reproducibility than that of earlier authors. The large deformation of a fabric sample under drape is simulated by a non-linear FEM combined with an incremental method, where the sample is modeled by an elastic thin shell. The computed results and observed ones suggest that the simulation is valid for the estimation of the real MIT drape properties of fabrics, and that the MIT drape characteristics of fabrics depend appreciably on the bending rigidity and torsional one but little on the extensional rigidity and shearing one.
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  • Analysis of PVA Distribution in Paper Sheet
    Hiromi Uchimura, Michiharu Uchida, Takashi Okuda, Atsushi Sawatari
    Article type: scientific monograph
    Subject area: Infomation Science
    2002 Volume 58 Issue 3 Pages 84-90
    Published: 2002
    Released on J-STAGE: October 15, 2002
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2115/fiber.58.84
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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    Polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) is used as a surface sizing agent of paper sheets. This report deals with the penetrability of PVA into the paper sheet structures. For paper sheet surface-sized by PVA, the PVA distribution in the paper sheet affects paper properties and printing qualities. Therefore, it is important to obtain information on the PVA distribution. However, the PVA distribution in paper sheet cannot be observed exactly by conventional methods. In the present study, we apply a new technique by combining the FIB method with EPMA after iodine labeling of PVA to the paper sheet, in order to obtain exact information on the interaction between the substrate structure and PVA. This novel technique enable us to clearly observe the distribution of PVA that has penetrated into the paper structure. Furthermore, we found that the difference in the distribution of PVA that penetrated into the paper structure influenced the liquid permeability of the oil type ink applied to the paper sheet.
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  • Surface Modification of Cellulose and Polyester by Oligomeric Fluoroalkylating Agents Having Oxime-blocked Isocyanate Groups
    Xinhong Peng, Tokuzo Kawase, Masako Sato, Kouji Ikeno, Hideo Sawada
    Article type: scientific monograph
    Subject area: Infomation Science
    2002 Volume 58 Issue 3 Pages 91-97
    Published: 2002
    Released on J-STAGE: October 15, 2002
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2115/fiber.58.91
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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    Surface modification of cellulose and polyester by the oligomeric fluoroalkylating agents having oxime-blocked isocyanate groups was studied by measuring the contact angle, surface free energy, FT-IR(ATR) and XPS spectra. In the case of cellulose, the modified surface changed to oil-repellent. The dispersion components of the surface free energy γsd were 21-25mJ/m2 and the polar components γsp were 2-6mJ/m2 at above 2 wt% of treatment concentration of oligomer solution. There existed a linear relationship between the treatment concentration and the AC=O/AC-O peak ratios in FT-IR(ATR). Moreover, the surface free energy decreased with increase in the values of F1s/O1s peak area ratios in XPS and became constant above 0.2 of F1s/O1s peak area ratios. In the case of polyester, the contact angles of dodecane were 10-30o and those of water were about 80o even above 5 wt% of treatment concentration. The values of F1s/O1s peak area ratios increased with increase in the treatment concentration and became constant at above 5 wt% of treatment concentration. Based on the FT-IR(ATR) and XPS results, the structures of the modified layer were interpreted in terms of the modification mechanism. In the case of cellulose, the oligomer reacted at the surface, and some parts would diffuse into the inner region. On the other hand, the oligomers were thermally anchored at the polyester surface.
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  • Studies on the Sequence Distributions of Microbial Polyester by NMR and Determination of Melting Temperature
    Wen-chuan Hsieh, Kimihiko Nishiwaki, Nobuyuki Tanaka, Hiroshi Mitomo
    Article type: scientific monograph
    Subject area: Infomation Science
    2002 Volume 58 Issue 3 Pages 98-105
    Published: 2002
    Released on J-STAGE: October 15, 2002
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2115/fiber.58.98
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    The composition and dyad sequence distributions of bacterially synthesized copolymers of poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-4-hydroxybutyrate) P(3HB-co-4HB) have been studied by means of high-resolution 1H-, 13C-NMR spectroscopy and differential scanning calorimetry. These biodegradable copolyesters are mixtures of copolymers having different 4HB contents. The fractionation was carried out to obtain fractionated copolymers having narrower compositional distribution. The dyad sequence distributions of P(3HB-co-4HB) measured by NMR shows close to block copolymer in lower 4HB content side, whereas in higher 4HB content side, the that of P(3HB-co-4HB) indicates statistically random copolymer. The heat of fusion of P(3HB) and P(4HB) was estimated using Flory's equation. The values of heat of fusion of P(3HB) and P(4HB) measured were 1490 cal/mol and 2484 cal/mol. The values of number-average sequence lengths calculated from NMR and DSC show the P(3HB-co-4HB) copolymer including long continuous sequence in lower and higher 4HB content side.
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Technical Papers
  • Recycled Silk Wastes as Feed Ingredient for Poultry
    Dong Keon Kim, Kyu Beom Kim, Yong Hark Kim, Young Gil Chin, Mitso Ueda
    Article type: scientific monograph
    Subject area: Infomation Science
    2002 Volume 58 Issue 3 Pages 106-110
    Published: 2002
    Released on J-STAGE: October 15, 2002
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2115/fiber.58.106
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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    A 30-day feeding trial was conducted to assess the effect of nutritive value for silk powder made from silk wastes to utilize a mixture of feed stuffs for laying hens. One hundred 10-week old commercial laying hens were allocated to one of the five dietary treatments. The dietary treatment consisted of the control diet, which contained maize as the usual stuffs, and four other diets each of which contained a blended amount of 5 % of silk powder for the feed input. Feed and water were provided ad libitum for a period of 30 days. The contrasted group of control diet was showed 82.33 % of egg production, while it was averaged as an increase to 85.58 % in the comparison test group of four other diets. The weight of laid egg was gained about 41.5 grams in the contrasted group, while it was increased about 3 grams to 4 grams in the comparison test group that gained the weight of 44 grams to 45 grams in the aggregate. As for the egg quality that was offered by silk powder as feed ingredient, the yolk contains 19.02 % of amino acids and the white 22.36 % respectively. The yolk was decreased, but the white increased in comparison with the contrasted group. The protein of egg was increased as 8 % to 10 % more than 7.5 % of the contrasted group, while the tryptophan and the cholesterol was decreased. The fats did not have significant difference.
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