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Volume 41, Issue 9
Displaying 1-19 of 19 articles from this issue
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KEIZO MIYASAKA1985 Volume 41 Issue 9 Pages P285-P289
Published: September 10, 1985
Released on J-STAGE: November 28, 2008
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SATOYUKI MINAMI1985 Volume 41 Issue 9 Pages P290-P301
Published: September 10, 1985
Released on J-STAGE: November 28, 2008
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KOZO MAEDA, TATSUKI MATSUO1985 Volume 41 Issue 9 Pages P302-P306
Published: September 10, 1985
Released on J-STAGE: November 28, 2008
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TERUO TSUNODA1985 Volume 41 Issue 9 Pages P307-P312
Published: September 10, 1985
Released on J-STAGE: November 28, 2008
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NOBUO MII1985 Volume 41 Issue 9 Pages P313-P321
Published: September 10, 1985
Released on J-STAGE: November 28, 2008
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NOBURO HIBINO1985 Volume 41 Issue 9 Pages P322-P328
Published: September 10, 1985
Released on J-STAGE: November 28, 2008
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YUKIO SHINAGAWA1985 Volume 41 Issue 9 Pages P329-P334
Published: September 10, 1985
Released on J-STAGE: November 28, 2008
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MIKIO HAGA, NORIYUKI SUGIURA1985 Volume 41 Issue 9 Pages P335-P340
Published: September 10, 1985
Released on J-STAGE: November 28, 2008
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HIROSHI NOUDA1985 Volume 41 Issue 9 Pages P341-P347
Published: September 10, 1985
Released on J-STAGE: November 28, 2008
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TADAHIKO KATSURA1985 Volume 41 Issue 9 Pages P348-P354
Published: September 10, 1985
Released on J-STAGE: November 28, 2008
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HARUO NEGISHI1985 Volume 41 Issue 9 Pages P355-P359
Published: September 10, 1985
Released on J-STAGE: November 28, 2008
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SEIZO MIYATA, TOMOHISA NISHIKAWA1985 Volume 41 Issue 9 Pages P360-P366
Published: September 10, 1985
Released on J-STAGE: November 28, 2008
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II. MOLECULAR PACKING IN UNIT CELL OF CRYSTALKensuke Sakurai, Tokiyoshi Shibano, Koichi Kimura, Toshisada Takahashi1985 Volume 41 Issue 9 Pages T361-T368
Published: September 10, 1985
Released on J-STAGE: November 28, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSA chitosan film was newly prepared from the liquid crystal solution. The unit cell parameters of crystal were determined: a=8.67 Å, b=10.24 Å (fiber axis), c=8.92 Å, and β=92.6°. These parameters accorded with those of the (1-3) crystal reported previously within an experimental error. In addition, the packing of molecular chains in a crystal lattice was studied based on the calculation of structure factors. The range of 80° to 85° for the value of φ, which was related to the packing of molecular chains in the a, c projection, was obtained. The proposed model of the crystal structure was similar to that of β-chitin as reported by Blackwell et al.
The crystal lattice might contain one water molecule per residue of glucosamine based on the comparison of the observed and calculated densities.View full abstractDownload PDF (913K) -
Tuyoshi Konomi, Eiko Matsuno, Harumi Takamura1985 Volume 41 Issue 9 Pages T369-T376
Published: September 10, 1985
Released on J-STAGE: November 28, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe water sorption behavior of poly-trans-4-γ-propoxycyclohexylamide (PPCA) has been investigated. The results obtained have been discussed from the view point of chemical and fine structures of polymer, comparing with those of nylon 4 and 6.
The amount of water absorbed in monolayer (Vm), which was estimated by BET equation, was more than that of nylon 6, and a little less than that of nylon 4. The ratios of Vm to the concentrations of amide group in amorphous region (Vm/[CONH] (1-α)) (α; crystallinity), which means the ratio of real positions for water sorption to the contents of free amide group, were in the order of PPCA>nylon 4>nylon 6.
The characteristic sorption behavior of PPCA may be explained by the concept; that the intermolecular distance of PPCA in amorphous region increases, because of bulkiness of polymer chain containing cyclohexylene ring; and that the formation of hydrogen bonds between the amide groups of polymer chains is rare, because the content of amide group is insufficient.View full abstractDownload PDF (532K) -
Saburo Matsukawa, Yasuko Shima, Miki Ishihara, Kensuke Sakurai1985 Volume 41 Issue 9 Pages T377-T381
Published: September 10, 1985
Released on J-STAGE: November 28, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSPolyester fabrics were aminolyzed with hydrazine hydrate. It was confirmed that the hydrazine reacted with polyesters from the dyeing test using an acid dye. The moisture regain of aminolyzed fibers increased with increasing the crystallinity of fibers. It was suggested that the aminolysis-reaction mainly took place in the intermediate region surrounding the crystallites, and in the disordered portion of crystal. This leads to increase the accessibility of moisture to the surfaces of crystallites; bringing about the increase of moisture regain.View full abstractDownload PDF (308K) -
Koichiro Yonetake, Toru Masuko, Koichi Aoto, Koji Iizuka1985 Volume 41 Issue 9 Pages T382-T389
Published: September 10, 1985
Released on J-STAGE: November 28, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSHigh density polyethylene (PE) films were treated with dimethylacetamide (DMAc) and xylene at various temperatures. These films were dyed with C. I. Disperse Yellow 7 (Y-7) at 80°C. The equilibrium sorption (Mo) of Y-7 by the films increased with increasing their volume crystallinity (Cv). The Mo values for the films treated with xylene having a strong solvation to PE were much larger than those for the films treated with DMAc in the whole range of Cv. The changes in Mo for both systems were analyzed in terms of a mosaic block structural model; the increase in Mo, was attributable to enhanced sorption in amorphous side region located parallel to the molecular axis between crystalline cores by the solvent treatment. A long rodlike dye molecule of Y-7 seems to be easily absorbed on the amorphous chain having an extended chain conformation in this region from which lower molecular-weight fractions are extracted by the solvents.View full abstractDownload PDF (1114K) -
Hiromi Motomura, Zenzo Morita1985 Volume 41 Issue 9 Pages T390-T395
Published: September 10, 1985
Released on J-STAGE: November 28, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe diffusion coefficients, D, of dyes in cellulose show a profound concentration dependence at low concentration of electrolytes. At higher concentration of electrolytes, the concentration dependence of D becomes small and the values of D can be regarded to be constant. Although the values of D are often evaluated by an appropriate averaging from the experimental diffusion profiles in the substrate, the reliability and confidence interval of their values have not always been clear.
A method of least squares for finding the fittest values of the constant diffusion coefficient and surface concentration, Co, from the concentration profiles obtained from the method of cylindrical cellophane film roll was presented by reducing the multiple regression analysis to the univariable one [eq. (9)]. Using the initial value of D estimated from the permeation distance, the fittest values of D and Co could be easily obtained. The variance, V, was defined as the weighted residual sum of squares in order to standardize the experimental errors which originated from the large concentration differences in the diffusion profiles [eq. (10)]. The weight, w_??_, was defined by both of the estimated errors for the thickness of a film and absorbance [eqs. (11) and (12)]. It is, therefore, not necessary to make so many measurements for each layer that the value of standard deviation could be obtained. The convergence criterion was checked by the F-test. The validity of assumptions was tested by the value of V. Since main experimental errors were attributed to the local micro-scattering in the thickness of a film, a% of the measured values in the absorbance was estimated to be the standard deviation. The minimal standard deviation, b (absorbance), was estimated from the accuracy of spectrophotometer.
Two examples of calculation for C. I. Direct Yellow 12 and Reactive Red 1 were presented. The D of Yellow 12 was not constant at I=0.1 (ionic strength) and 90°C. That of Red 1 was concluded to be constant at I=0.15, pH 6.7 and 30°C.View full abstractDownload PDF (445K) -
Toyonori Nishimatsu, Tetsuya Sakai1985 Volume 41 Issue 9 Pages T396-T402
Published: September 10, 1985
Released on J-STAGE: November 28, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe hand of pile fabrics was sensuously evaluated by two panel groups, consumers group and specialists group. The hand terms used for the evaluation by two panel groups were compared, and the relationships between sensory values and physical properties were examined by the use of factor analysis and multiple regression analysis techniques. The results are as follows;
(1) Four tactile impressions, namely “softness”, “thickness”, “fullness” and “smoothness”, were commonly chosen to represent the subjective hand of pile fabrics by two panel groups. However, “koshi” and “heaviness” were chosen only by consumers, and “elasticity” and “flexibility” were applied only by specialists.
(2) Factor analysis was used to study the relationship between sensory values and physical properties. It is shown that (a) the sensory value referred to the thickness evaluated by consumers and specialists is affected by physical properties of compressive energy, flexural rigidity, frictional coefficient, thickness and weight, (b) the fullness is affected by those of compressive ratio, compressive recovery ratio and compressive modulus, and (c) the smoothness is affected by those of flexural rigidity, frictional coefficient, thickness and weight. The sensory value for the softness evaluated by consumers is simply affected by flexural rigidity and weight, but specialists evaluate it as a combination of compressive energy, flexural rigidity, thickness and weight.
(3) As a result of multiple regression analysis, it was found that the common predictor variable of the four sensory values evaluated by consumers is weight and that the sensory values are approximately described by the multiple regression equation of weight and the other physical properties. In case of the specialists, weight is not so useful and a combination of physical properties used for the multiple regression equation is varied by the four sensory values.View full abstractDownload PDF (570K) -
Hisayoshi Kabeya, Yoichi Hori, Kiyofumi Sasaki, Jiro Shimizu1985 Volume 41 Issue 9 Pages T403-T406
Published: September 10, 1985
Released on J-STAGE: November 28, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSIn this study, self-twist spinning system for short staple fiber bundle is investigated. In this system, an air jet twister is used, in which high pressure air is ejected tangentially to the yarn path from small holes. Two fiber bundles are individually twisted by intermittently supplied air. This suggests that the transient twist is utilized as a real twist. The spun yarn obtained by this method is twisted alternately in S and Z twist, and its length is different each other. The yarn having twistless part is obtained in the region of changing S to Z twist. Although the spinning speed was 50m/min and the appearance of the yarn was not favorable, high speed productivity might be expected to by this spinning system.View full abstractDownload PDF (941K)
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