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Volume 41, Issue 11
Displaying 1-14 of 14 articles from this issue
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YUKIO MITSUISHI1985 Volume 41 Issue 11 Pages P397-P400
Published: November 10, 1985
Released on J-STAGE: November 28, 2008
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TOGI SUZUKI, OSAMU WADA1985 Volume 41 Issue 11 Pages P401-P409
Published: November 10, 1985
Released on J-STAGE: November 28, 2008
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ATSUMI MORIOKA1985 Volume 41 Issue 11 Pages P410-P414
Published: November 10, 1985
Released on J-STAGE: November 28, 2008
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TOSHITADA SAITO1985 Volume 41 Issue 11 Pages P415-P425
Published: November 10, 1985
Released on J-STAGE: November 28, 2008
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KUNIO KOGAME1985 Volume 41 Issue 11 Pages P426-P432
Published: November 10, 1985
Released on J-STAGE: November 28, 2008
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TADASHI TAMURA1985 Volume 41 Issue 11 Pages P433-P437
Published: November 10, 1985
Released on J-STAGE: November 28, 2008
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TOMOYUKI MURAKAMI1985 Volume 41 Issue 11 Pages P438-P439
Published: November 10, 1985
Released on J-STAGE: November 28, 2008
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TATSUO NOGI1985 Volume 41 Issue 11 Pages P440-P447
Published: November 10, 1985
Released on J-STAGE: November 28, 2008
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Kiyoichi Matsumoto, Dong Chul Kim1985 Volume 41 Issue 11 Pages T455-T460
Published: November 10, 1985
Released on J-STAGE: November 28, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe stretching of thermally stable polymers by hot dry process is very difficult, because these polymers have high glass transition temperatures. We developed a swell-wet stretching process; the polymers are stretched in a swelling agent at lower temperature. The purpose of this series of study is to make clear how the stretching media and temperatures affect the mechanical properties of resulting polymer materials, e.g. fibers or films.
In this report, Nylon-6 films were uniaxially stretched with free width at 10-90°C by 100%/min in water. The stretchability was estimated by stretching work. The work is concerned with stretching stress and strain, and initial modulus. We found that it is a good measure for the estimation of stretchability of the film.View full abstractDownload PDF (1201K) -
Jiro Shimizu, Takeshi Kikutani, Yutaka Ookoshi, Akira Takaku1985 Volume 41 Issue 11 Pages T461-T467
Published: November 10, 1985
Released on J-STAGE: November 28, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe crystal structure of PEEK has been determined by wide angle X-ray diffraction from the melt spun, drawn and annealed fibers. The unit cell is orthorhombic; a=7.80Å, b=5.92Å, c (fiber axis)=10.00Å. The space group of the crystal is Pbcn. Two molecular chains pass through the a-b plane of the unit cell; one through center and the other through corner. The ether groups and ketone groups of the chains are arranged in a zig-zag manner in the b-c plane. But there is no intramolecular order in the arrangement of them. The bond angle between them is about 126.5°. The planes of phenylene groups are alternately at 37° and -37° to the b-c plane.
By using the atomic coordinates determined above, the refractive indices of each crystal axis are calculated: nA=1.507, nB=1.732, nC=1.936. Then average refractive index is 1.728, and the intrinsic birefringence of c-axis is 0.321. The average refractive index and birefringence of fibers measured by interference microscope are 1.707 and 0.199, respectively. Thus the calculated values seem to be reasonable.View full abstractDownload PDF (1149K) -
Kazuyuki Yabuki, Shuzo Sawada1985 Volume 41 Issue 11 Pages T468-T475
Published: November 10, 1985
Released on J-STAGE: November 28, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSIn order to clarify the degradation mechanism of PET tire cord in rubber, hydrolysis reaction in a saturated steam atmosphere, ammonolysis reaction in ammonia gas and the deterioration of the cords embedded in rubber have been studied at high temperature conditions. In this report, the following results were obtained.
(1) The carboxyl end groups play a role as a catalyst in the hydrolysis reaction of PET in high temperature steam. The reaction is not diffusion-controlled but hydrolysis reaction itself.
(2) The rate of degradation is constant during the course of ammonolysis reaction, but depends on the initial content of carboxyl end groups which have remained unchanged during the reaction. The ammonolysis reaction consists of two step reactions, i.e. production of a water molecule by the neutralization reaction of free carboxyl group with ammonia, and formation of carboxyl end group from the hydrolytic scission reaction of the ester linkage, at the presence of the newly formed water molecule and the ammonia of the base catalyst.
(3) A significant decrease of the strength observed for PET tire cords embedded in rubber during the vulcanization of the rubber is mainly due to the hydrolytic decomposition reaction catalysed by ammine compounds of the additives in the rubber.View full abstractDownload PDF (542K) -
Yoshinobu Kamata, Noboru Yahata, Toyofumi Kato, Tetsuya Sakai1985 Volume 41 Issue 11 Pages T476-T484
Published: November 10, 1985
Released on J-STAGE: November 28, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSIn order to analyze needle heating during high speed sewing, heat transfer in metal-to-polymer sliding contacts has been investigated. By using the pin-ring method, dependence of temperature distribution in the pin and frictional force on sliding velocity and normal load was examined. It was found that a large amount of heat generated at sliding surfaces between the metal pin and the polymer sheet flowed into the polymer sheet in spite of the thermal insulating properties of a polymer material and that the mean temperature at an apparent surface of the polymer sheet is different from that of the metal pin. The former may be due to the difference in the situation of two sliding surfaces, but the later can be explained well by introducing a concept of thermal resistance.View full abstractDownload PDF (562K) -
Shigeru Kuwabara1985 Volume 41 Issue 11 Pages T485-T495
Published: November 10, 1985
Released on J-STAGE: November 28, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe present work reports the results of the fundamental experiments which investigates adsorptive and desorptives of adsorbents to develop a new dyeing system.
The results obtained is outlined as follows.
1) The amount of acid dyes, direct dyes and surfactants adsorbed on activated carbon increases with increasing integral pore volumes of the activated carbon.
2) It is shown that the saturation adsorption decreases with increasing molecular weight of the dyestuffs. The saturation adsorption of the non-ionic surfactants increases with increasing number of ethylene oxide chain in them.
3) The breakthrough capacities of the activated carbon increase with increasing temperature of the waste water.
4) The amount of adsorptions of the anionic dyestuffs and the surfactant increases with lowering pH values of the waste water, because the decrease in the pH results in the decrease of the solubility of the dyestuffs. The phenomena are promoted with increasing number of sulfonic groups in the dyestuffs and the surfactants.
5) The adsorption of the direct dyes increases with increasing the concentration of sodium sulfate. These phenomena are promoted with increasing number of sulfonic groups in the dyestuffs and surfactants.
6) The maximum desorption by the solvents is obtained in the region of the solubility parameter 14 to 18.View full abstractDownload PDF (666K) -
Saburo Ishikawa, Kokichi Yoshida, Teruaki Yanagawa, Yumiko Takeshita, ...1985 Volume 41 Issue 11 Pages T496-T510
Published: November 10, 1985
Released on J-STAGE: November 28, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSIn order to develop a walking simulator for clothing research, human ambulation was examined using moving pictures as was reported previously.
The following results were obtained.
1. In males horizontal vibration angle Θ of the anterior thigh and flexing angle Θ of the anterior leg in frontal plane vary within 80°_??_100° and 160°_??_190°, respectively.
In females these angles vary within 80°_??_90° and 180°_??_190°, respectively. From these results, horizontal vibration angle of the anterior thigh in frontal plane are 3°_??_10°, which agree well with the angles reported by Vukobratovic.
2. The difference between lateral displacement of knee and that of ankle mutually varies in a walking cycle and this difference reduced by testee's height shows a maximum value before and after the time at toe off.
The ratio of the lateral value of the knee position to that of the ankle also shows a maximum value before and after the time at foot flat in a walking cycle. The highest values of the maxima are obtained in males with the so-called bandy-legged walking.
3. Tracks of swinging knee and ankle in frontal plane in a walking cycle exhibit a very complicated configuration resembling a deformed gourd-shaped pattern.
4. From the above results, human gait could be classified into normal, bandy-legged and pigeon-toed walking patterns.
5. Angles a and β observed in sagittal plane of leg motion agree well with reported values.View full abstractDownload PDF (977K)
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