All issues
Successor
Volume 16, Issue 8
Displaying 1-14 of 14 articles from this issue
- |<
- <
- 1
- >
- >|
-
[in Japanese]1960 Volume 16 Issue 8 Pages 607-611
Published: August 10, 1960
Released on J-STAGE: November 28, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (513K) -
(XXXIV) A TRIAL PREPARATION OF FELTING APPARATUS WITH ALTERNATE-ROLLING ROLLERSakio Ikeda1960 Volume 16 Issue 8 Pages 612-616
Published: August 10, 1960
Released on J-STAGE: November 28, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSIn order to compare the feltability of the variously carroted furs, an apparatus was constructed and its accuracy was examined. The felting action was given by rubbing a sample between two rollers whose rolling can be reversed automatically in the opposite direction. The good reproducibility was proved by the experiments.View full abstractDownload PDF (1169K) -
Waichiro Tsuji, Masazo Imai, Kenichi Matsuzaki, Atsuji Matsumoto1960 Volume 16 Issue 8 Pages 617-621
Published: August 10, 1960
Released on J-STAGE: November 28, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe mechanism of the softening action of the textile oiling agent is discussed based on the evaluation of torsional rigidity, coefficient of friction and Young_??_s modulus.
Torsional rigidity is evaluated from following formula.
T: moment of torsion (kg_??_mm)
G: rigidity of phosphor bronze wire (kg/mm2)
l: length of phosphor bronze wire (mm)
D: diameter of phosphor bronze wire (mm)
θ: torsion angle of indicator (degree)
The following formula is derived from the above formula
where K: constant
The torsional rigidity in this experiment is estimated from the relation between θ and the number of torsion of the sample.
The shearing stress (T′) was calculated from the following formula.
where d: diameter of sample (mm)
Torsional rigidity of raw silk decreases markedly by treating with some oiling agents. Similar result is observed with 6 Nylon (Amilan) monofilament in less degree.
In the case of viscose rayon, torsional rigidity of multifilament yarn decreases by treating with oiling agents, but this appears attributable to the decrease of the coefficient of friction, because the torsional rigidity of viscose monofilament is never affected by oiling agent.View full abstractDownload PDF (331K) -
(XIV) THE MEASUREMENTS OF CRYSTALLINITIES OF DRAWN FILAMENTS BY X-RAY DIFFRACTION INVESTIGATIONSMasao Takahashi, Yasuhiko Nukushina1960 Volume 16 Issue 8 Pages 622-627
Published: August 10, 1960
Released on J-STAGE: November 28, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe intencity distribution curves of X-ray diffractions along lines radiating from the center of the photograph at definite angles to the equator for various drawn filaments were measured by the apparatus of Geiger counter type. If the scattering intensities due to non-crystalline parts at definite 2 θ were constant along the circular lines, the minimum values among the measured intensities along the circular line at definite 2 θ should correspond to the intensities of non-crystalline parts. The Bragg reflextions above the background in a rotation photograph (powder photograph) and the background which is divided as discribed above were taken as the indexes of crystalline and noncrystalline scattering respectively. This estimation of crystallinities of drawn filaments is used for these samples whose degrees of orientation are almost of the same values.
By this method, the crystallinities of several samples are estimated, and at the same time the degrees of orientation and of the widths of half values are observed,
As the contents of copolymerized component in AN copolymers increased, the crystallinity become lower. As the heat treatment temperature of PAN become higher, the crystallinity and the lateral order increase.
The equatorial and meridional small-angle scattering curves for the drawn filaments heat-treated at various temperatures have no maxima and there are therefore no large identity periods in these samples. The statistical distribution maximum of the distance between crystallites calculated by the Kratky's theory become larger with the heat-treatment temperature up to 160°C.View full abstractDownload PDF (1293K) -
(XV) THE SOLUTION TEMPERATURE OF ORGANIC SUBSTANCES ON ACRYLONITRILE-METHYL ACRYLATE COPOLYMERMasao Takahashi, Masamoto Watanabe1960 Volume 16 Issue 8 Pages 628-632
Published: August 10, 1960
Released on J-STAGE: November 28, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe acrylonitrile-methyl acrylate copolymer (content of methyl-acrylate 3_??_5 mol%) was dissolved in those solvents which are shown below and these polymer-solvent systems did not gel at room temperature for remarkably long period.
β-Propiolactone γ-Butyrolactone Dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO) Tetramethylene sulfoxide Tetramethylene sulfone DMF DMA N-Formylmorphorine N-Acetylmorphorine N-Acetylpyrrolidine Glyconitrile
The viscosities and viscosity stabilities of the AN polymer concentrated solutions in Y-butyrollactone, DMSO, DMF and DMA, whose prices are relatively low, may be used for spinning solution.View full abstractDownload PDF (393K) -
Mikio Korematsu, Hiroshi Masuda, Sutezo Kuriyama1960 Volume 16 Issue 8 Pages 633-638
Published: August 10, 1960
Released on J-STAGE: November 28, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSIn studying the thermal shrinkage of polyethylene oxybenzoate (PEOB), (-CO-_??_-O-CH2-CH2-_??_-O-)n;, fibers made by melt-spinning and drawing, following results have been obtained.
(1) At elevated temperatures, PEOB fibers tend to shrink to a larger extent compared with those from the other crystalline polymers.
(2) The shrinkage takes place very rapidly and is affected mainly by the rate of heating, not by the heating media.
(3) The shrinking tendency or force required to prevent shrinking of PEOB fibers is usually higher than commercial 6-nylon and polyethylene terephthalate fibers.
(4) PEOB fibers can be stabilized by heat treatment for a short time without being allowed to contract at elevated temperatures, and after the treatement no remarkable deterioration of their fiber-properties has been observed.
(5) Crystallization by the heat treatment and the transition of the crystal structure by thermal shrinkage have been ascertained by the interpretation of the X-ray diffraction patterns.
The changes of the molecular configuration by the thermal shrinkage and the stabilization by the heat treatment are discussed.View full abstractDownload PDF (1466K) -
Saburo Yoshimura1960 Volume 16 Issue 8 Pages 639-642
Published: August 10, 1960
Released on J-STAGE: November 28, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSIn order to simplify the determination of KW as an evaluation of dissolving grade pulp (DP), emulsion xanthation has been applied, since it is simpler and has better reproducibility than the ordinary vapor phase xathation method. An apparatus (Fig. 1) was designed and correlation between KW by emulsion and ordinary xanthation was obtained (Fig. 2).
The apparatus consists of a body and a top cover, and they made two cylinderical rooms connecting through narrow slit (clearence 1.5cm). Each room has a stirring wing whirling at 90° phase difference. As the results of various experiments on behavior of the reaction mixture in process of emulsion xanthation by the above apparatus, it has been found that the following conditions are bearable;
Pulp consistency 7%, NaOH concentration 13%, CS2 60% for pulp, temperature at xanthation 20° ± 1°C, xanthating time 3 hrs., final viscose composition (diluted by water) cellulose 5.8%, alkali 10.0%.
Reproducibility of KW value by this emulsion xanthation method is good, as seen from Tab. 1, in which KW values are measured five times on the same sulfite DP. A nearly linear relationship between KW values by emulsion xanthation and vapor phase xanthation (Japanese Industrial Standard Method) is obtained on five commercial sulfite DPs (Fig. 2). Further, developing better apparatus and viscose preparation condition is under investigation.View full abstractDownload PDF (293K) -
(PART 1) DYNAMIC CHARACTERS OF ROLLER-DRAFTING AS A CONTROL SYSTEMMotozo Ihara, Hitoshi Akami, Setuo Takagi1960 Volume 16 Issue 8 Pages 643-647
Published: August 10, 1960
Released on J-STAGE: November 28, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSAlthough there are many studies on the automatic control of sliver thickness, contorolable variations are generally of “long period” and the control of “short period” variation is left intact.
In case of controlling “short period” variation it becomes impossible to ignore the influence of the fiber length in slivers and improcessing this factor would have important becomings are obtained.
in this study, the theoretical process character of roller-drafting is made and the following results:-
(1) The differential equation in the unsteady roller-drafting is;
(2) When the variation is small, the transfer function between the surface velocity of front roller and produced sliver thickness is;
G1(s)=k1/(1+T1s)
(3) The transfer function between the thickness of the feed and produced sliver is
G2(s)=k2(1-T2s)/(1+T1s)
(4) Each quantity in roller-drafting coresponds to the one in automatic control in the following way:-
Potential sliver thickness
Flow Fiber flow
Capacitance Fiber quantity of taft-diagram per unit sliver thickness.
Resistance Reciprocal of the surface velocity of roller
(5) The transfer function of front roller is 1/(1+T1s) and of back roller (1-T2s)View full abstractDownload PDF (314K) -
Shinya Kurosaki, Fujio Konda1960 Volume 16 Issue 8 Pages 648-652
Published: August 10, 1960
Released on J-STAGE: November 28, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSBy using the tester in our preceding papar (I), the degree and the profile of tension generated under a variety of spinning conditions are investigated.
1. p, c and f in Fig. 5 are explained as follows,
p: preliminary time, when the tension develops monotonus until critical point.
c: critical point.
f: formative time, when the tension makes various profiles shown in Fig. 4 and Fig. 5.
2. As the draft ratio, or spindle revolution becomes higher, the critical tension becomes larger.(Fig.6, Fig.7, Fig.8)
3. When the spindle revolution is high or low, the degree of descent in formative tension is large, and when intermediate it is small. And as the draft ratio becomes high, the degree of descent becomes large. (Fig. 9, Fig. 10)View full abstractDownload PDF (336K) -
(XIV) FIXATION OF BASIC AND CONDENSASTION DYES WITH PHOSPHOMOLYBDIC OR PHOSPHOTUNGSTIC ACID (2)Kimiho Yanada, Chiro Shinomiya1960 Volume 16 Issue 8 Pages 653-656
Published: August 10, 1960
Released on J-STAGE: November 28, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe effect of temprature on the absorption of M0 or W by vinylon, 6-nylon or wool, and the chemical structure of the complex acid absorbed by vinylon or 6-nylon are studied.
1) The velocity of absorption of M0 or W by vinylon, 6-nylon and wool is temperature dependent, but the rate of absorption curves from a finite bath leading to some equilibrium absonption independently of temperature.
2) Where the gram atom total of M0 and P is constant, it shows the maximum absorption of M0 by vinylon at the ratio of M0 to P is 3:1 in complex acid solution.
3) At the constant concentration of M0, the absorption of M0 and P by vinylon or 6-nylon appears to increase with increasing the concentration of P, with an upper limit of around the ratio of M0:P; 3:1 in complex acid solution, and in the this equilibrium absorption on fiber, the ratio of M0:P shows 12:1, which suggests the molecular structure of the complex acid is 3H2O•P2O5•24•M0O3.View full abstractDownload PDF (275K) -
(XV) THE CONDENSATION-DYES OF THIOINDOXYLC ARBOXYLIC ACIDS-AROMOTIC NITROSO COMPOUNDSKimiho Yamada1960 Volume 16 Issue 8 Pages 656-661,653
Published: August 10, 1960
Released on J-STAGE: November 28, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSBy applying, the condensation-reaction of thioindoxylcarboxylic acids (Sx) with aromatic nitroso compounds (Nx), many synthetic fibers were dyed deeply.
The suitable components of the aromatic nitroso components are NB, N5, N6 and N7.
Of the thioindoxylcarboxylic acids, at the point of deep color and fastness, the order are; S3>S2>S1, at the reactivity, thus; S1>S2>S3.
The best dyeing of these fibers are different respectively, but in general, the dyeing by Sx is effective for the first component in neutral or acid solution.
Saran is dyed most deeply and fastly. Perlon, 6-nylon, and also by using some carrier, terylen and acrylonitrile fibers are dyed deeply well, but they have no practical use, because of their low light-fastness.View full abstractDownload PDF (550K) -
(X) CHANGES OF THE ABSORPTION SPECTRA OF SOME AZOIC DYES BY THE WET OR DRY HEATINGYoshiji Ishii1960 Volume 16 Issue 8 Pages 662-667
Published: August 10, 1960
Released on J-STAGE: November 28, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe dye components, Fast Orange GC, Red B, Red RL, Bordeaux GP and Scarlet G, and the other components, Naphthol AS and β-Naphthol, were purified. By combinations between these components colors were developed in the cellophane and PVA sheets. The changes of visible absorption spectra of the dyes in the films obtained after steaming, soaping and boiling in water, respectively, were compared with those of before the treatments. The Naphthol AS dyes revealed following spectral changes through the above treatments:
(a) the maxima of the absorption bands of Orange GC, Bordeaux GP and Scarlet G showed no change, (b) those of Red RL shifted to the long wave length side, (c) those of Red B to the short side. In all cases, the optical densities increased by the treatments. The shape of the absorption curves after the treatments were restored to their original ones, when the dyes are dry heated at about the melting points of the dyes, i.e. 250_??_300°C.
These spectral changes by the wet or dry heating may be due to aggregation or dispersion of the color lakes in the films.View full abstractDownload PDF (372K) -
(V) STUDIES ON THE CONDITION OF CURINGMikiharu Yajima, Kiyoshi Arakawa1960 Volume 16 Issue 8 Pages 668-672
Published: August 10, 1960
Released on J-STAGE: November 28, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe authors finished the viscose-rayon fiber by the melamine resin and thereby examined the condition of curing with the following results;
(1) Temperature and time of curing affect much the tensile recovery of resin treated fiber, but less its tensile strength, elongation, knot strength, bending rigidity and water imbibition.
(2) Higher tensile recovery, higher bending rigidity, lower water imbibition and lower knot strength were always observed with the fiber which is finished by the method of steam curing than with that by the method of dry curing.View full abstractDownload PDF (320K) -
[in Japanese]1960 Volume 16 Issue 8 Pages 673-677
Published: August 10, 1960
Released on J-STAGE: November 28, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (430K)
- |<
- <
- 1
- >
- >|