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Volume 45, Issue 6
Displaying 1-15 of 15 articles from this issue
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Sang S. Song, James L. White, Mukerrem Cakmak1989 Volume 45 Issue 6 Pages 243-251
Published: June 10, 1989
Released on J-STAGE: November 28, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSA study of the development of crystallinity and orientation in the melt spinning and drawing of poly ether ether ketone fibers is presented. Melt spun fibers are characterized by differential scanning calorimetry, birefringence, and wide angle x-ray diffraction. These fibers were subsequently drawn at 160°, 180°, and 230°C. The drawn fibers were characterized by the same techniques as the melt spun fibers. Uniaxial stress-strain behavior, tensile strength, and elongation to break characteristics have been determined and correlated with fiber structure. Particularly important results are that drawdown ratios and spinline stresses can induce significant crystallization in the spinline. Correlations of fiber mechanical properties are developed with spinline stress and birefringence.View full abstractDownload PDF (1701K) -
Tetsuo Asakura, Nobuhiko Nakayama1989 Volume 45 Issue 6 Pages 252-257
Published: June 10, 1989
Released on J-STAGE: November 28, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESS13C NMR spectra of Bombyx mori silk fibroin in a CaCl2 aqueous solution observed as a function of CaCl2concentration. This spectra changed markedly at more than 3.5 M CaCl2 concentration. The decrease in the high resolution NMR-detectable peaks and broadening of the detected peaks were observed. This phenomenon can be regarded as the so-called polymer effect of the silk fibroin and reflects the change in the hydrated state around the Ca2+ and Cl- ions. The latter conclusion was based on the 1H and 43Ca NMR spin-lattice relaxation times of the CaCl2 aqueous solution. The dissolution process of the silk fibroin power in the conc. CaCl2 aqueous solution was monitored by the observation of the high resolution 13C NMR peaks.View full abstractDownload PDF (380K) -
Yasusato Sugahara, Akira Takahashi1989 Volume 45 Issue 6 Pages 258-264
Published: June 10, 1989
Released on J-STAGE: November 28, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSNBSP (P-sample), NaIO4 oxidized cellulose (A-sample) and NaIO4-NaCIO2 oxidized cellulose (C-sample) were hydrolyzed by sulfuric acid in heterogeneous and homogeneous systems.
Crystallinity Index (CI) was found to be in the order of P>C>A sample and these of the oxidized samples extremely decreased after hydrolysis. In case of the heterogeneous hydrolysis with 4N H2SO4 at 110°C for 24hr, the amount of the residue decreased and the products in the soluble part increased with increasing the functional group content. The product-yields of the oxidized samples were larger than those of the untreated P sample. By hydrolysis of C sample (COOH, 138mmol/100g cell.), glucose (44%), levulinic acid (24%) and formic acid (24%) were produced.
In case of the homogeneous hydrolysis with 72% H2SO4 at 23°C for 5hr followed by 1% H2SO4, the yields of glucose, cellobiose and cellotriose decreased with increasing the functional group content. The yields of glucose homologues as for the oxidized samples were smaller than those of P sample. By hydrolysis of A sample (C=O, 203mmol/100g cell.), glucose (19%), cellobiose (10%) and cellotriose (5%) were obtained along with a small amount of glyoxal and erythrose.View full abstractDownload PDF (450K) -
Kayoko Kojima1989 Volume 45 Issue 6 Pages 265-271
Published: June 10, 1989
Released on J-STAGE: November 28, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSAnalysis of hypophosphite (reducing agent), phoshite (the oxidation product of hypophosphite) and some organic acids (buffers and complexing agents) in electroless nickel plating baths used in fibers for electromagnetic wave shield was carried out within 10 minutes by isotachophoresis using hydrochloric acid and β-alanine buffer as the leading electrolyte.
Analysis formate (oxidation product of formaldehyde as a reducing agent), EDTA and tartaric acid (complexing agents), and Cu-EDTA (copper complex of EDTA) in electroless copper plating baths used in fibers for electromagnetic wave shield was carried out within 10 minutes by isotachophoresis using hydrochloric acid and histidine buffers as the leading electrolyte.
Several metals were simultaneously determined by isotachophoresis employing a solution of sodium acetate and tartaric acid as the leading electrolyte.
The plating speed and effective utility ratio of reducing agent, were caliculated the concentration of nickel, hypophosphite and phosphite in nickel plating bath obtained by this method.
The nickel/copper ratios in extracts from the deposit films into an aqueous solution of HNO3 obtained by isotachophoresis were almost equal to that found by atomic absorption spectrometry.View full abstractDownload PDF (421K) -
Masashi Kikuchi, Hajime Matsuda1989 Volume 45 Issue 6 Pages 272-277
Published: June 10, 1989
Released on J-STAGE: November 28, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSLeuco-naphthazarin dyes white human hair fibers in an aqueous solution under the exceedingly mild conditions without any reducing agents and strong alkali in a dye bath at room temperature. The color development can be achieved without any oxidants. The dyeability remarkably increased by an addition of benzyl alcohol. The dye exists almost in cuticle cells in dyeing in an aqueous solution, while it penetrates easily in cortex cell in the presence of benzyl alcohol. Wash-fastness was excellent and the dye was not removed at all in an 25% aqueous pyridine solution under the refluxing conditions. The microphotomeric spectra and Raman spectra of crosssectional dyed fibers showed that leuco-naphthazarin was not simply oxidized to afford naphthazarin in the fibers. It is strongly suggested that chemical interaction exists between the dye and the fibers. Contrary to leuconaphthazarin, the sorption of leuco-quinizarin did not take place at all even in the presence of benzyl alcohol.View full abstractDownload PDF (1161K) -
Sukenori Shintaku, Juhachi Oda, Tokio Okuno1989 Volume 45 Issue 6 Pages 278-286
Published: June 10, 1989
Released on J-STAGE: November 28, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe internal strain in the package of nylon-6 yarn is made clear through a model experiment. The experimental results are discussed and compared with the results derived from the elastic theory of yarn package, In the theory, the yarn package is modeled by a cylindrically layered film having an orthotropic elastisity.
The results obtained are as follows;
(1) Inner layers of yarn are compressed in the circumferential direction by the outer layers wound on to the former, and the internal strain increases with increase in the number of layers; the circumferential strain takes its maximum near the surface of the barrel.
(2) As time goes on, the circumferential compressive strain increases but the axial tensional strain decreases.
(3) The circumferential stress relaxes in outer layers, and does most near the surface of the barrel. If the relaxation of stress exceeds a limit, buckling occurs: the buckled region grows outward with increase in the number of yarn layers.
(4) The radial and circumferential stresses change rapidly with increase in the degree of elastic anisotropy and in the radius of the package relative to that of the barrel.
(5) The winding tension given to the yarn must be controlled over a wide range for the residual stress to be kept constant throughout the package.View full abstractDownload PDF (605K) -
Sadao Hayashi, Masaru Kobayashi, Takashi Suzuki, Toshihiro Hirai, Mori ...1989 Volume 45 Issue 6 Pages 287-296
Published: June 10, 1989
Released on J-STAGE: November 28, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe geometrical moiré patterns which are formed by superposing two figures of dots arranged on intersections of triangle fretworks have been investigated by using a personal computer. When a moving angle between the two figures is small, the appearing patterns have a hexagonal form. In particular, when two figures of dots arranged on intersections of regular triangle fretwork are superposed at the moving angle (θ) chosen at m1=1, and n1=3, 9, 15, ...... (a multiple of three in an odd-number) according to the equation, tan (θ/2)=m1l2/n1l1, the hexagons in the moiré patterns at each n1 consist of all the same shape, where n1 and m1 are the abscissa and the ordinate of dot lines, l1 is the dot pitch of the abscissa, and l2 is the dot of the ordinate (double the high of triangle-dots). The appearance period of moiré patterns based on moving angle is 60° in the regular triangle-dot arrangement system, and is 180° in the equilateral triangle-dot arrangement system. Since the moiré patterns are very regularly constructed, the working technique will have a bright prospect of developing the new field of various printing patterns for cloths, papers and so forth.View full abstractDownload PDF (860K) -
KAZUO HAZAMA1989 Volume 45 Issue 6 Pages P248-P251
Published: June 10, 1989
Released on J-STAGE: November 28, 2008
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TETSUO ASAKURA, MAKOTO DEMURA1989 Volume 45 Issue 6 Pages P252-P257
Published: June 10, 1989
Released on J-STAGE: November 28, 2008
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HIROSHI NAKAYAMA1989 Volume 45 Issue 6 Pages P258-P262
Published: June 10, 1989
Released on J-STAGE: November 28, 2008
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KIYOSHI HIRABAYASHI, MAKOTO WATANABE, MAKOTO SUZUKI1989 Volume 45 Issue 6 Pages P263-P267
Published: June 10, 1989
Released on J-STAGE: November 28, 2008
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CHIYUKI TAKABAYASHI1989 Volume 45 Issue 6 Pages P268-P273
Published: June 10, 1989
Released on J-STAGE: November 28, 2008
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Shigesaburo Mizushima1989 Volume 45 Issue 6 Pages P274-P276
Published: June 10, 1989
Released on J-STAGE: November 28, 2008
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JUNRO NUNOME1989 Volume 45 Issue 6 Pages P277-P282
Published: June 10, 1989
Released on J-STAGE: November 28, 2008
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EISAKU IIZUKA1989 Volume 45 Issue 6 Pages P283-P285
Published: June 10, 1989
Released on J-STAGE: November 28, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (780K)
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