Sen'i Gakkaishi
Online ISSN : 1884-2259
Print ISSN : 0037-9875
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Volume 71, Issue 3
Journal of the Society of Fiber Science and Technology
Displaying 1-14 of 14 articles from this issue
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Reviews and News
Foreword
Special Issue on Silk, the New Perspectives(2)
Series of Fiber Basic Course Lectured by Professional Engineers-6
Serise of Historical Reviews of Japanese Textile Industry Supported by the Technology-History of the Production,Sales,and Product Development-18
Report
Foreign News Letter
Original Articles
Transactions
  • Simulation Study on Optical Absorption Property of Fiber- and Fabric-Shaped Organic Thin-Film Solar Cells with Resin Sealing Layer
    Kazuma Tsuboi, Hidetoshi Matsumoto, Tadashi Fukawa, Akihiko Tanioka, K ...
    2015 Volume 71 Issue 3 Pages 121-126
    Published: March 10, 2015
    Released on J-STAGE: March 07, 2015
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2115/fiber.71.121
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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    Recently, fibers and fabrics have been considered as promising platforms for low-cost flexible electronics and multifunctional fabrics, referred to as electronic fibers (e-fibers), electronic textiles (e-textiles), or smart textiles. Fiber- and fabric-shaped organic thin-film solar cells can be used over a wide range of applications as an energy harvester for smart textiles such as clothing, bags, curtains, tents, awnings, and shading elements. In the present study, to examine the optical absorption property of fiber- and fabric-shaped organic thin-film solar cells, we carried out geometrical optics simulations by using both the ray-tracing and transfer matrix methods for the resin-sealed photovoltaic fibers with core-sheath structure. It was found that the light absorption by single photovoltaic fiber with a appropriate thickness of sealing layer is approximately equivalent to that by the flat-panel solar cells. In addition, the light absorption by the photovoltaic fabrics composed of the sealed photovoltaic fibers was improved compared with the flat panel cells due to the interchange of light between fibers in the fabrics (increased by a maximum of 24 ％ for the plain-woven fabric). These results demonstrated that both the thickness controlling of transparent resin sealing layer and the weaving of photovoltaic fibers are a promising light management approach in fiber- and fabric-shaped organic thin-film solar cells.
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  • Effect of the Take-Up Velocity on the Higher-Order Structure of the Melt-Electrospun PLLA/PDLA Blend Fibers
    Masaki Yamamoto, Goro Nishikawa, Amalina M. Afifi, Jae-chang Lee, Hid ...
    2015 Volume 71 Issue 3 Pages 127-133
    Published: March 10, 2015
    Released on J-STAGE: March 07, 2015
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2115/fiber.71.127
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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    The higher-order structure and the formations of SC and HC of the PLLA/PDLA blend melt-electrospun fibers collected on a rotating target were investigated. The diameter of the fiber decreased and the orientation factor increased with increasing take-up velocity. The formation of SC was promoted with decreasing fiber diameter and with increasing take-up velocity. The fiber collected on the fixed target was amorphous and did not show the molecular orientation to any particular directions indicating that the stretching of the fiber by the electrostatic force did not give much molecular orientation to the fiber. On the other hand, the stretching of the fiber by applying the mechanical taking-up gave a significant degree of the molecular orientation to the fiber direction. The crystalline orientation of HC of the annealed fiber was higher than that of SC.
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  • Analysis on the Change in Heat Quantity and the Heat-Generating Mechanism in Moisture-Adsorbing/Desorbing Fiber Materials, Associated with Adsorption and Desorption of Water Vapor
    Takeshi Ogino, Hiroshi Tanaka, Yasuyuki Takatsu, Tatsuaki Sumitani
    2015 Volume 71 Issue 3 Pages 134-140
    Published: March 10, 2015
    Released on J-STAGE: March 07, 2015
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2115/fiber.71.134
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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    In this report, we look at the change in heat quantity and the heat-generating mechanism in moisture-adsorbing/desorbing fiber materials, associated with adsorption and desorption of water vapor. As the moisture-adsorbing/desorbing fiber materials, use was made of a salt of a polyacrylic acid fiber (hereinafter as “AF-Na”) whose starting material was an acrylic fiber and which had a highly crosslinked structure, and a polyacrylic acid fiber (hereinafter as “AF-H”) in which almost all functional groups in a salt of an acrylic fiber were substituted with carboxylic acid. We conducted an experimental study on the change in quantity of adsorption/desorption heat associated with adsorption and desorption of water vapor in these materials, along with the change in the relative humidity. For these materials, we calculated the quantity of adsorption/desorption heat per functional group and the quantity of heat per gram of adsorbed/desorbed water vapor. Generally, the adsorption energy of water vapor is assumed to be equal to its condensation energy. In this context, however, we assumed that the adsorption heat of water vapor was equal to the sum of a water condensation heat and a hydrogen bond-derived energy. Further, we similarly measured the adsorption heat in cellulosic fibers and wool, estimated the adsorption heat and the heat quantity per gram of water vapor on a hydrophilic functional group constituting a natural fiber, and compared the results with those on the functional groups in AF-Na and AF-H. Consequently, the functional group which showed the greatest adsorption heat was found to be the carboxylic salt. Regarding the hydrogen bounding pattern, hardly any difference was found among the carboxylic acid function, hydroxyl group and the carboxylic salt function.
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  • Differential Identification and Quantification of Cashmere, Sheep and Yak Fibers in Textiles Using Liquid Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry
    Hanako Ataku, Keiko Nishijima, Ayumi Mori, Nobuyuki Fujita, Kazumi Sas ...
    2015 Volume 71 Issue 3 Pages 141-150
    Published: March 10, 2015
    Released on J-STAGE: March 07, 2015
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2115/fiber.71.141
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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    We discovered cysteine-free and species-specific marker peptides in the whole tryptic digest of animal fibers, which enable rapid identification of cashmere, sheep and yak fibers without pretreatment such as keratin extraction, reduction or reductive alkylation. A simple method for differential identification and quantification of cashmere, sheep and yak in textile products using these marker peptides by liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry (LC/MS) has been developed. The amino acid sequence of each marker peptide was determined by the MS/MS measurement. Each marker peptide was subsequently synthesized and its identity to the peptide from textile samples was confirmed. Commercial textile products were subjected to the measurement with the synthetic peptides as reference markers, and the blending ratios were calculated within an accuracy of 5 ％ compared with the conventional microscopic method.
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