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Volume 31, Issue 2
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1975 Volume 31 Issue 2 Pages P60
Published: 1975
Released on J-STAGE: November 28, 2008
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MASATAKA KUROKAWA, TAKASHI KONISHI1975 Volume 31 Issue 2 Pages P31-P38
Published: February 10, 1975
Released on J-STAGE: November 28, 2008
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Jiro Shimizu, Masaaki Okamura, Shinya Kurosaki, Fujio Konda1975 Volume 31 Issue 2 Pages T35-T40
Published: February 10, 1975
Released on J-STAGE: November 28, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSIt is known that considerable even yarn can be produced in wet spinning without drafting controller. In this report, the mechanism of wet drafting is investigated by applying some common methods of drafting analysis.
The results obtained are as follows:
1) The average drafting force in wet spinning is larger than in conventional dry spinning, but the variation of force is smaller, especially, in larger roller gauge. (Fig. 3, 4)
2) The weight reduction curves in wet spinning are independent of roller gauges as shown in Fig. 5, 6. It seems that the Perfect Drafting occurs in any drafting conditions.
3) The comparison with two kinds of spectrograms before and after drafting shows that drafting in wet spinning does not produce any Drafting Wave. (Fig. 8)
4) The sliver in wet drafting zone has higher and stabler density than in the conventional. It means that the motion of floating fiber in drafting zone is well controlled. (Fig. 10)View full abstractDownload PDF (385K) -
TATSUYA HONGU1975 Volume 31 Issue 2 Pages P39-P49
Published: February 10, 1975
Released on J-STAGE: November 28, 2008
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Noboru Mori, Machio Kobayashi, Nobuo Fujimoto, Shigeo Soma1975 Volume 31 Issue 2 Pages T40-T47
Published: February 10, 1975
Released on J-STAGE: November 28, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSSome factors affecting the dimensional stability of vinylon fabrics under various washing conditions is discussed. It is shown that the water holding capacity of the fabrics has significant effect on their dimensional stability. It appears that the mechanism of shrinkage of vinylon fabrics is similar to that of cotton fabrics. The effect of temperature and agitation during washing on the shrinkage of the fabrics, and also progressive shrinkage during washing are interpreted qualitatively in terms of the influence of the change of the water holding capacity. As with rayon fabrics, the tighter the construction of the fabrics is, the less their dimensional stability. The stress to extend the fibers 5% in 90°C water has a fairly important influence on the dimensional stability, but the water holding capacity is more important. The fiber shrinkage index in hot water has little effect on the dimensional stability of vinylon fabrics.View full abstractDownload PDF (529K) -
Toshio Haga, Hiroshi Ishibashi1975 Volume 31 Issue 2 Pages T47-T52
Published: February 10, 1975
Released on J-STAGE: November 28, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe swelling region of cellulose triacetate fiber in organic solvents was examined on the basis of the volume term for dye adsorption. Cellulose triacetate fiber swollen in various solvents in the equilibrium states was transferred by solvent exchange into cyclohexane maintaining the swelling region in the solvents, and then the equilibrium adsorption of C. I. Disperse Red 15 from cyclohexane on cellulose triacetate fiber was estimated. The adsorption isotherms obey the distribution law. The relative volume term obtained from the partition coefficients (Cf/Cs, Eq. [1]) by assuming constant affinity reflects the swelling region of cellulose triacetate fiber in the solvents. The swelling region is explained by the interaction and steric effect of solvent. This finding supports the lateral order distribution in the amorphous region of cellulose triacetate fiber.
In addition, the affinity of C. I. Disperse Red 15 to cellulose triacetate fiber obtained in solvent dyeing was corrected with the volume term.View full abstractDownload PDF (464K) -
YUKIO MITSUISHI1975 Volume 31 Issue 2 Pages P50-P55
Published: February 10, 1975
Released on J-STAGE: November 28, 2008
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Noboru Mori, Machio Kobayashi, Nobuo Fujimoto, Shigeo Soma1975 Volume 31 Issue 2 Pages T53-T63
Published: February 10, 1975
Released on J-STAGE: November 28, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDimensional stability of vinylon fabrics under various washing conditions was studied. Various vinylon fibers were prepared in sodium hydroxide and sodium sulfate coagulating bath. These fibers were spun into 20'S single yarns on the cotton system and woven into plain fabrics. The total area shrinkage of gray fabrics of vinylon prepared in the sodium sulfate coagulating bath is generally larger than that of vinylon prepared in the sodium hydroxide coagulating bath. In the former fabrics, the shrinkage of BMMF-f is larger than that of BLMF. In the latter fabrics, their shrinkage after washing without agitation at 20°C is mainly influenced by degree of total drawing of fibers, and that after washing with agitation at 20°C and without agitation at 100°C is affected by degree of total drawing and formalization of the fibers. The degree of formalization of fibers influences considerably to the shrinkage of the same fabrics after washing with agitation at 100°C. Fabrics from fibers of high degree of total drawing and formalization have good dimensional stability. It is observed that dimensional stability of fabrics is influenced to a very great extent by temperature and agitation during washing. There are not so large difference in corrected total area shrinkage among gray, scoured and water proof finished fabrics. But it decreases slightly after scouring and water proof finishing for formalized vinylon fabrics. And it increases for not formalized vinylon fabrics such as AHN, ALN. Total area shrinkage of fabrics pressed after washing is larger than that of unpressed fabrics. Detergent in washing has no effect on the dimensional stability of fabrics. Fibers and yarns removed from fabrics after washing shrink to some extent, but that shrinkage is smaller than that of fabrics.View full abstractDownload PDF (747K) -
Tomiji Wakida, Ichizo Aoki, Nobuhiko Kuroki1975 Volume 31 Issue 2 Pages T64-T67
Published: February 10, 1975
Released on J-STAGE: November 28, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSIn the previous paper, it has been reported that heat conduction in a paper cylinder during high temperature steaming with humid air was considerably affected by the presence of urea. In the present paper, the effect of urea on the fine structure of nylon 6 fiber treated by high temperature steaming with humid air was investigated under various conditions of absolute humidity.
Furthermore, nylon 6 fiber and filament were treated with various compositions of urea/water solution heated to 140°C in order to investigate in some detail the effect of urea during the steaming. Change of fine structure was observed by X-ray diffraction patterns. Further, crystallite size, lattice spacing and crystallinity were measured by means of X-ray diffractometer and density gradient tube.
The following results were obtained:
(1) Shrinkage of nylon 6 filament treated by the steaming increased with an increase of absolute humidity, particularly in the presence of urea. Crystal_??_size also increased.
(2) Shrinkage, crystallinity and water absorption of nylon 6 fiber treated with hot solution of various compositions of urea/water increased with an increase of water content in treating medium.View full abstractDownload PDF (1598K)
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