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Volume 13, Issue 10
Displaying 1-11 of 11 articles from this issue
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(3) THE APPLICATION OF THE DIFFERENTIAL DYEING METHOD TO THE INVESTIGATION OF COTTON-SPINNING PROCESSYasuo Ono1957 Volume 13 Issue 10 Pages 645-651
Published: October 10, 1957
Released on J-STAGE: November 28, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSIn order to elucidate the relationships between the maturity of cotton fiber and nep formation, the distribution and quantity of immature lint in the raw cotton during the process of cotton-spinning were measured by differential dyeing method.
The percentage of the napy substance dyed green by the differential dyeing method in raw cotton and the fineness of these napy substance were measured, and the author pointed out that the origin of the nep formation is due to the immature lint of small fineness.
The nep formation from these experimental results is discussed.View full abstractDownload PDF (560K) -
Hiroshi Sobue, Atsusuke Kajiura1957 Volume 13 Issue 10 Pages 652-655
Published: October 10, 1957
Released on J-STAGE: November 28, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe influences of temperature and aldehyde concentration over the reaction velocity in acetalizing PVA fibre with acrolein and the reaction velocity depending upon the diffusion velocity of reagent into fibre were sought. The degrees of swelling, tenacities and elongations of the fibres were measured, and found that this kind of treatment is of no use for particular improvement of mechanical properties of the fibre.View full abstractDownload PDF (237K) -
(III) (IV)Kazuo Mihira1957 Volume 13 Issue 10 Pages 656-668
Published: October 10, 1957
Released on J-STAGE: November 28, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (1604K) -
(PART II) FORMULATION OF TORSIONAL MOMENT OF TWISTED SLIVER OF STAPLE FIBESShigetake Kinoshita1957 Volume 13 Issue 10 Pages 669-672
Published: October 10, 1957
Released on J-STAGE: November 28, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSBy the application of the principle of double elasticity theory to the torsional displacement of sliver-like fibre system in which Young's modulus E, Poisson's ratio ∑, Shear modulus G, and structure factor L, R, ρ are given by the same expressions as in the previous paper, the theoretical formula of the relationship between torsional moment and twist angle per unit length, M(θ), are derived in the following:
And assuming that λ=0 or λ=1, this formula will be deduced to the case of spun yarn of staple fibres or multi-filament yarn, respectively.View full abstractDownload PDF (240K) -
(IV) RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN SOME SHEARING DEFORMATION BEHAVIOURS OF FABRICS AND FABRIC WEAVESYukichi Go, Akira Shinohara, Fusae Matsuhashi1957 Volume 13 Issue 10 Pages 673-678
Published: October 10, 1957
Released on J-STAGE: November 28, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe shearing deformation behaviours-apparent modulus of fabric shear τ1, frictional force at intersecting points of fabrics F, and critical angle of shearing deformation α for 27 kinds of fabrics made from same yarns and have same densities in warp and weft ways, have been measured under identical conditions. (Details of samples used in the experiments are shown in Table. 1).
The modulus of shearing deformation τ1 is smaller in open or tightless fabrics, that is, in the fabrics having a large freeness of shearing deformation. In the identical harness twills having same freeness, τ, is small and α is large in asymmetrical twills i. e. 2/2 twills or 4/4 twills etc. The satins have smaller τ1, and larger α among the various weaves as well as the mat.
We found the following relations that the logarithm of the critical angle α and shearing modulus τ1, are roughly inversely proportional to the freeness of shearing deformation and to the critical angle α respectively. These are in Fig. 2 and Fig. 3.View full abstractDownload PDF (374K) -
Kenji Higuchi, Katsuyoshi Kawada, Akira Tanaka1957 Volume 13 Issue 10 Pages 679-682
Published: October 10, 1957
Released on J-STAGE: November 28, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSIt is said that the crimp in wool staple is much durable than other fibers.
In order to determine the fatigue failure of merino wool in worsted system, the amount of tensile strength, elongation and crimp content in the wool staple were measured in the course of stages of worsted system processing, and the degradation of the wool in the successive stages were estimated.
The crimp content was determined by the three methods which can be derived from crimp wave length, Japanese Industrial Standard and stress-strain curve of the fiber.
From this experiments it was revealed that in general there were slight change in tensile strength and elongation of the wool staple, but it was noted that the crimp content decreased to about 50% after gilling stage.
The greater scattering in the data of crimp content was observed in the early stages of processing.
The gilling action was considerably severer than that of carding and this fact was reflected to the advanced decrease in the crimp content.View full abstractDownload PDF (1030K) -
(IV) ON THE CHANGES OF POLYTYROSINE BY LIGHTSusumu Okamoto, Tsuneo Yamaya1957 Volume 13 Issue 10 Pages 683-686
Published: October 10, 1957
Released on J-STAGE: November 28, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSIt is believed that yellowing of silk fibers by light is based upon the photochemical changes of tyrosine groups in fibroin.
The authors prepared tyrosine polymer and confirming this point, applied it on the white rayon clothes and then irradiated them with Atlas fade-O-meter. The yellowing of the clothes was hardly recognized. Same colour reactions such as Neubauer-Rhode's, Nessler's or xanthoprotein reactions were tested on the treated clothes. The states of colouring were very different from the case of silk fabrics. Adding a small quantity of tryptophan on them, however, the states of yellowing and other reactions became similar to those of the silk fabrics. These results show that the yellowing of proteinous fibers is not due to the changes of tyrosine but those of tryptophan.
It was also recognized that tyrosine residues of the polymer were promptly decomposed by light. The authors tried to identify the decomposed products and got some unknown substances coloured by Pauli's diazo reagent, but neither amino, imino acids, indole compounds nor other expected substances were identified.View full abstractDownload PDF (314K) -
Hiroaki Tonami1957 Volume 13 Issue 10 Pages 687-692
Published: October 10, 1957
Released on J-STAGE: November 28, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSIt was found that dimentional stability and washability by U-F resin finish for spun rayon fabrics were much improved when soluble starch was added to the same bath. In the present investigation, less shrinkage than 2% was obtained after 3 times soaping at 50°C for 30min for the spun rayon muslin treated with the bath containing 10% of dimethylolurea and 4% of soluble starch in the state of 12% stretching to the original length.
Furthermore, effects of the treatments used above on crease-resistance, stiffness, tearing strength and abrasion resistance are discussed.View full abstractDownload PDF (433K) -
Kazuyoshi Murata, Takao Ogihara1957 Volume 13 Issue 10 Pages 693-702
Published: October 10, 1957
Released on J-STAGE: November 28, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSComputations of N. B. S. units of color differences from C. I. E. specifications to control the dyeing properties of viscose-acetate union fabrics require so much time, that the simple inspection method should be considered.
The writers have found that color differences are given from the reflectances in a given wavelength on the spectral reflectance curve.
Blue colors in general use are chosen as a dye for the inspection method, because they have less MacAdam ellipse.
At first, the same three union abbrics are separately dyed by the Direct-color (Azin Briilliant Blue 6B conc.) or Acetate-color (Diacelliton Fast Brilliant Blue BF), and then the reflectance was determined in 480, 580, and 650mμ in turn for the undyed, direct-dyed and celliton-dyed fabrics.
Their reflectances of color difference are immediately obtanied as follows:
for the undyed fabric y=0, 56x1+1.11
for the direct-dyed fabric y=0.92x2+1.3 and,
for the celliton-dyed fabric y=0, 77x3+1.0
where y is the color differnce in MacAdam ellipse unit, x1 is (1-R480/R580)×100, x2 is R580, and x3 is R650, and R is reflectance in the subscript wavelengths.View full abstractDownload PDF (529K) -
Kazuyoshi Murata, Takao Ogihara1957 Volume 13 Issue 10 Pages 703-707
Published: October 10, 1957
Released on J-STAGE: November 28, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe determination of dye adsorbed on the viscose fiber by JIS, L-1015 was studied color-imetrically. It was found that there is a correlation between dye adsorbed and the luminance which also coincides with visual observation.
As a result, it is suggested the simple determination method by reflectance on the dyed fiber in 580mμ.View full abstractDownload PDF (253K) -
Kunio Makishima1957 Volume 13 Issue 10 Pages 708-710
Published: October 10, 1957
Released on J-STAGE: November 28, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (225K)
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