Sen'i Gakkaishi
Online ISSN : 1884-2259
Print ISSN : 0037-9875
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Volume 67, Issue 12
Displaying 1-13 of 13 articles from this issue
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  • Degradation Differences between Papers Made from Bamboo Fibers and Wood Fibers
    Khine Khine, Takayuki Okayama
    2011 Volume 67 Issue 12 Pages 257-260
    Published: 2011
    Released on J-STAGE: January 31, 2012
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2115/fiber.67.257
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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    Laboratory sheets prepared from bamboo and hardwood pulps were subjected to dry heat aging, moist heataging, and sealed tube aging for different durations and the resulting changes in their physical properties related to paper degradation were evaluated. Unaged acid-free laboratory sheets prepared from bamboo pulp exhibited higher tearing strengths and zero-span tensile strengths than sheets prepared from hardwood pulp. However, bamboo sheets tended to degrade more rapidly than hardwood sheets in accelerated aging tests. In particular, acidic bamboo sheets aged faster than acidic hardwood sheets in the sealed tube aging test. The deterioration rate of bamboo paper depended considerably on the reduction in the degree of polymerization during aging. Tube aging gave higher degradation rates of the properties of both bamboo and hardwood papers than either dry heat aging or moist heat aging.
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  • Formation of Refractory Carbide and Nitride Nanofibers by Thermal Decomposition of Poly(vinyl alcohol)-Titanium Lactate Hybrid Nanofibers
    Koji Nakane, Keisuke Nakanishi, Jae-Ho Kim, Susumu Yonezawa, Takashi O ...
    2011 Volume 67 Issue 12 Pages 261-265
    Published: 2011
    Released on J-STAGE: January 31, 2012
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2115/fiber.67.261
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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    Poly(vinyl alcohol)-titanium lactate hybrid nanofibers (precursors) were formed by electrospinning employing water as a solvent for the spinning solution. The precursors were converted into titanium carbide (TiC) or nitride (TiN) nanofibers by heating them in Ar or N2 atmospheres. TiC nanofibers could be obtained below theoretical temperature calculated from thermodynamics data, indicating that metal and carbon sources were intimately mixed together. TiN nanofibers also could be obtained near theoretical temperature under N2 gas flow.
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Technical Papers
  • Sorption Properties of Metal Ions onto Poly-γ-glutamic Acid Nanofiber
    Takeharu Tajima, Sachiko Sukigara
    2011 Volume 67 Issue 12 Pages 266-272
    Published: 2011
    Released on J-STAGE: January 31, 2012
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2115/fiber.67.266
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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    Poly-γ-glutamic acid(γ-PGA)is a natural polymer that is widely recognized as a component in the viscous filaments of fermented soybean (natto). γ-PGA is known for its superior biodegradability‚ biocompatibility‚ water retention and sorption of metal ions. We used oxazoline component polymer(OXA) for crosslinking agent and prepared γ-PGA nanofiber from γ-PGANa by the electrospinning with a non-toxic water solvent system. In this study, we evaluated metal sorption characteristics of γ-PGA/OXA webs. At low concentration solution of copper ions‚ the γ-PGA material dissolved and didn’t cohere‚ but γ-PGA/OXA webs shrank by the sorption of metal ions, and salt precipitated on its surface. When γ-PGA/OXA webs contained OXA with a very small or a large quantity‚ its sorption rate or sorption ability was decreased. A tendency was found to adsorb divalent or trivalent metal ions, and reflect the shrinkage of the γ-PGA/OXA web.
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  • A Study of Hair Dye using Henna and Haematoxylon Campechianum Dye
    Hanchieh Wang, Chonyu Chen
    2011 Volume 67 Issue 12 Pages 273-277
    Published: 2011
    Released on J-STAGE: January 31, 2012
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2115/fiber.67.273
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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    This study added Haematoxylon campechianum dye‚ propylene glycol‚ and menthol in henna, and carried out 8 times of shampoo dyeing. The experimental results showed that the L∗ values of the dyed hair pieces‚ containing 5% and 7% Haematoxylon campechianum‚ were 32.1 and 30.2‚ respectively. The addition of 7% Haematoxylon campechianum dye extract in the hair dye to coat on 3 groups of hair pieces showed that‚ there is no significant difference (P›0.05) between the ΔE mean value 16.68±0.30 of the 3 groups of hair pieces after 8 shampoos‚ and the ΔE mean value 16.29±0.43 of the 7th shampoo. This result indicates that the degree of hair color fading tends to be smooth after the 7th shampoo.The L∗ mean value 33.36 of the 8th shampoois significantly different from the 56.33 of bleached hair color, indicating that after 8 shampoos‚ hair color lightness can still fade. The hue a∗ b∗ mean values decrease from 12.95 and 11.59 after the 1st shampoo to 3.34 and 7.79 after the 8th shampoo‚ respectively‚ and the hair color obviously changes from red to brown. This hair dye increases the tensile strength of the bleached hair by 53.69%.The experiments proved that henna mixed with Haematoxylon campechianum dye, propylene glycol‚ and menthol can withstand more than 8 times of shampooing, and it can effectively cover white hair and strengthen hair.
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