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Volume 26, Issue 11
Displaying 1-6 of 6 articles from this issue
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Ichizo Aoki1970 Volume 26 Issue 11 Pages 495-506
Published: November 10, 1970
Released on J-STAGE: November 28, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSIn order to examine the interfacial-chemical properties of silk proteins, the coagulation and protection on positive silver iodide sol by fibroins at various pH and ionic strength were investigated.
The native fibroins were extracted from the posterior section (p-fibroin) and the middle section (m-fibroin) of the silk gland of B. mori larva at the third day of the fifth instar. The regenerated fibroin (r-fibroin) was prepared from native cocoon layer. The following are the results obtained,
1) The isoelectric points determined by ultra-micro-electrophoresis are in the pH value of 3.7 to 4.0 for both native and regenerated fibroins. There is no marked difference between the two fibroins and these values were in good agreement with these found by the experiments on the protection.
2) Both m-fibroin and r-fibroin coagulate the sol in all the region of pH, while p-fibroin coagulates only when p-fibroin and the sol particle charged oppositely with each other. However, when the ionic strength of the sol is increased the coagulation occurs even in the pH-region where p-fibroin and the sol particle have the same charge.
3) Both m-fibroin and r-fibroin protect the sol, but p-fibroin does not. The protection effect decreased in the neighborhood of the isoelectric point and the extent of the decreases was less than in the case of sericin.
4) The stability factor in the pH-region where fibroin and sol particle charge oppositely with each other is lower than in the pH-region when they are in the same charge. The stability factor is almost equal to unity in agreement with the theory of rapid coagulation.
5) It is therefore presumed that the molecular weight of both m-fibroin and r-fibroin is equal and but that of p-fibroin is lower than that of both of them.View full abstractDownload PDF (1479K) -
Masako Niwa, Sueo Kawabata, Hiromichi Kawai1970 Volume 26 Issue 11 Pages 507-515
Published: November 10, 1970
Released on J-STAGE: November 28, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSA method of experimental testing of the shear deformation properties of woven fabrics using the biaxial tensile tester devised by S. Kawabata, et al. for testing large deformation properties of elastomer is studied here.
Much effort is made to find the optimum size of test specimens and to survey better method to clamp the specimens. And successful method is obtained for measuring the shear deformation properties of fabrics by this method under both conditions, forced tensile deformation and forced tensile load.
Experimental results from many kinds of fabrics are compared with the theoretical shear deformation properties calculated by the theory.
In most cases, experimental results agree very well with results calculated theoretically and it has been confirmed that the theory will become a very powerful tool for practical design of the fabrics.View full abstractDownload PDF (1895K) -
Hitoshi Akami, Tatsuya Kawakami1970 Volume 26 Issue 11 Pages 516-522
Published: November 10, 1970
Released on J-STAGE: November 28, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSA mathematical model on breakage of cotton tuft in blowing process was introduced in the previous article7). In this paper, the change of size distribution of cotton tuft in the Platt type blowing process was examined experimentally and the probability that a tuft undergoes the breakage action, π was obtained from the data, using the theory developed in the previous paper.
Then, using II, the objective function to evaluate the breakage action in blowing is discussed by following equation: where πii is element of II.
The application of the function to Platt type blowing process showed that the function appeaas to be resonable.View full abstractDownload PDF (426K) -
Hitoshi Akami, Tatsuya Kawakami1970 Volume 26 Issue 11 Pages 523-529
Published: November 10, 1970
Released on J-STAGE: November 28, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSIn this paper, a lap-forming process is discussed by queing theory. In blowing process, tufts are transfered to the lap forming part by air flow after opening and breaking operations.
When the weight of lap is detected, each tuft which constitutes the lap on the detecing line is also served by detecting action.
Then if the lap forming and the detecting process are considered as a queing system, the eveness of lap is calculated theoretically by detecting service and arrival distributions of the tuft.
When the detecting line of lap weight is taken on the x-y plain (Fig. 1) the system can be determined by the following parameters; K: number of tufts which are being detected at the time t, 1/λ: the mean arrival time of tuft on the line, 1/μ: the mean service time of tuft on the line and size distribution of tuft. If the process of forming lap is a stationary random process, a conception of random lap can be introduced just as in the case of ramdom sliver and thus CV (%) of random lap can be calculate as the system of M/M/∞
Then, the CV (%) of random lan is where v: speed of the lap (const.) _??_: mean distance between the nearest two tufts _??_: mean length of tuft projected to X axis A•F: mean weight of tuft σw: standerd of weight of tuft. CV (%) of random lap for each mechanical operations are calculated by distribution of the length and size distribution of tuft. The result corresponds well with the experimental data reported by H. Locker. This seems to show the reality of this mathematical model.View full abstractDownload PDF (441K) -
Hiroshi Kojima1970 Volume 26 Issue 11 Pages 530-532
Published: November 10, 1970
Released on J-STAGE: November 28, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe heats of sublimation of disperse dyes have been derived from the data obtained by Knudsen effusion method and Knudsen torque effusion method, and the following results have been obtained.
1. The values of heats of sublimation obtained by the two methods are essentially identical in the range of experimental error.
2. The measure of precision in the value by Knudsen torque effusion method is higher than that in the value by Knudsen effusion method.
The values of the heats of sublimation by Knudsen torque effusion method shown the high measure of precision are discussed in terms of the molecular structure, and the following results have been obtained.
1. The energy of inter-molecular hydrogen bond based on a free hydrogen atom attached to nitrogen of 1-amino, 2-amino, 1:2-diamino and 1-amino-4-hydroxy anthraquinones is 2-4Kcal/mol.
2. The energy of inter-molecular hydrogen bond based on 4′-amino and 4′-hydroxy group attached to 2:4-dinitrodiphenylamine is 2 Kcal/mol respectively.
3. The energy of dipole-dipole interaction based on the nitro group of 1-nitroanthraquinone, 2-nitro, 4-nitro and 2:4-dinitrodiphenylamine is 5.1, 2.5, 7.8 and 13.7Kcal/mol respectively.View full abstractDownload PDF (250K) -
D. V. Parikh, J. G. Frick, A. Iwata, J. David Reid1970 Volume 26 Issue 11 Pages 533-535
Published: November 10, 1970
Released on J-STAGE: November 28, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSSimultaneous drying and curing of a finishing agent on cotton fabric in superheated steam offers a method of producing wrinkle-resistant fabric with improved retention of strength and abrasion resistance and with improved smooth-drying characteristics after line drying. The process requires a methylolamide finishing agent that gives an acid-resistant finish and a catalyst more active than those used in conventional dry-cure finishing. Examples of successful agent and catalyst are dimethylol dihydroxyethyleneurea and a mixture of a metal salt with a hydroxy-substituted carboxylic acid.View full abstractDownload PDF (174K)
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