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Volume 40, Issue 8
Displaying 1-8 of 8 articles from this issue
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Masaru Matsuo, Kaori Inoue, Noriko Abumiya1984 Volume 40 Issue 8 Pages T275-T284
Published: August 10, 1984
Released on J-STAGE: November 28, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDeformation mechanism of dry gel polyethylene film which can be elongated to a draw ratio of λ=300, was investigated in terms of morphological aspect by scanning electron microscopy, polarized microscopy, small angle X-ray scattering, wide angle X-ray diffraction, and small angle light scattering. Through a series of experimental results, the morphology of the dry gel films is found to be similar to that of single crystal mats and then the facile drawability is thought to be due to the transformation from a folded to a fibrous crystals. In this process, a suitable level of entanglements between crystal lamellae plays an important role to transmit the drawing force as intermolecular crosslinks.View full abstractDownload PDF (3855K) -
M. Horio, T. Kaneda, S. Ishikawa, K. Shimamura1984 Volume 40 Issue 8 Pages T285-T290
Published: August 10, 1984
Released on J-STAGE: November 28, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe fibers of Kevlar 29 and poly (3, 8-phenanthridinonediyl terephthalamide) made from the liquid crystalline solutions were hydrolyzed with 20wt% aqueous solution of sodium hydroxide at 100°C and 200°C to the considerable degrees of degradation and examined with an optical and a scanning electron microscope. The hydrolyzed fibers were found fractured both transversally and longitudinally along two different types of cleavage planes. The transverse cleavage planes with an average spacing of about 0.3μm were related to the zigzag-shaped fibrillar structure of fiber. The longitudinal cleavage planes consisted of cylindrical surface arranged coaxially one after another around fiber axis, contrary to the existing conception of the radially arranged pleated sheets. The spacing of longitudinal cleavage planes was estimated at 0.2-0.3μm. The etching of aromatic polyamide fibers by sodium hydroxide visualized the latent image of structure generated in the course of fiber formation by the wet-spinning of liquid crystals.View full abstractDownload PDF (2769K) -
Haruo Sanuki, Kazuhiko Ikeda, Hisashi Someya1984 Volume 40 Issue 8 Pages T291-T296
Published: August 10, 1984
Released on J-STAGE: November 28, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSCopolymerization of oligomeric vinyl phosphonate (OVP), Fyrol 76, and acrylamide (AM) was attempted on the cotton fabrics using cerium (IV) ammonium nitrate (CAN) as an initiator. The modified cotton fabrics were insoluble in cupric-ethylenediamine aqueous solution.
This fact indicated that the graft-polymerization took place with the cotton fabrics. On the other hand, the fabrics treated with the pad-dry-cure method using OVP and AM as monomers and persulfate as an initiator were soluble in cupric-ethylenediamine aqueous solution; which indicated that the copolymer precipitated on the cotton fabrics.
In this study the flame-retardancy and other properties of the cotton fabrics treated with above four different methods were investigated.
An oxygen index (OI) of the cotton fabrics treated with OVP and N-methylolacrylamide (NMA) using CAN as an initiator was higher than those for the other methods, in the cases where the fabrics had the same phosphorus and nitrogen contents. On the cotton fabrics treated with the CAN-initiated copolymerization of OVP and NMA, the synergism of phosphorus with nitrogen worked more effective for flame-retardancy than on the fabrics treated with the other methods.View full abstractDownload PDF (366K) -
Mutsuko Sato1984 Volume 40 Issue 8 Pages T297-T301
Published: August 10, 1984
Released on J-STAGE: November 28, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSSeveral species of fungi were tested for deterioration activity to polyacrylonitrile (PAN) filaments. These tests were carried out by methods of culture test and enzymatic treatment. Each fungus was cultured at 30°C for 6 days under shaking in 15ml of medium containing 300mg of PAN. PAN filaments, 500mg, were incubated at 30°C for 14 days under shaking in 25ml of the solution containing 0.02% nitrogen of enzyme protein which was prepared from the broth of each fungus.
Weight reduction of PAN filaments, production of ammonia and change of spectrum in DMF for tested filaments were estimated.
It was recognized that Cladosporium cladosporioides FERM J-8 (CC) most strongly deteriorated PAN filament.
Furthermore, it is assumed that the degradation pathway of PAN with CC strain is caused by the cooperative actions of nitrile hydratase and amidase.View full abstractDownload PDF (428K) -
Mutsuko Sato1984 Volume 40 Issue 8 Pages T302-T309
Published: August 10, 1984
Released on J-STAGE: November 28, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSPolyacrylonitrile (PAN) filaments were treated at 30°C and given pH for 14 days under shaking in a enzyme solution prepared from Cladosporium cladosporioides (CC) strain. Scanning electron microscopy and physical and chemical properties measurements were made on the incubated PAN fibers. The mechanical properties, intrinsic viscosity and UV absorption of PAN were remarkably changed by the incubation. It was recognized that these changes were caused by the actions of nitrile hydratase, amidase and esterase from CC. Furthermore, an oxidase-like action of hydrocarbon-assimilating fungi can be assumed to hold for the oxidation by CC strain. This deterioration phenomenon has been observed for swelling type of water-soluble polymers such as nylon-6, cellulose diacetate, cotton cellulose and silk fibroin.View full abstractDownload PDF (1111K) -
AKIHIRO ISOBE1984 Volume 40 Issue 8 Pages P535-P541
Published: August 10, 1984
Released on J-STAGE: November 28, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (1748K) -
Recent TrendFUMIO KOBAYASHI1984 Volume 40 Issue 8 Pages P542-P547
Published: August 10, 1984
Released on J-STAGE: November 28, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (513K) -
TATSUYA ZENDA1984 Volume 40 Issue 8 Pages P548-P551
Published: August 10, 1984
Released on J-STAGE: November 28, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (283K)
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