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Successor
Volume 19, Issue 2
Displaying 1-9 of 9 articles from this issue
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(V) THE BLACKENING OF ACETYLATING LIQUID AND THE BRIGHTNESS OF ACETYLATED RAYON (VI) A SOLVENT EXTRACTION OF THE ACETYLATED RAYONMasao Saito, Tadao Kasai, Kazuhiro Nagai1963 Volume 19 Issue 2 Pages 87-94
Published: February 10, 1963
Released on J-STAGE: November 28, 2008
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(XII). MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF CELLULOSE TRIESTER FILMIichiro Kido, Kimihiro Suzuki, Kazumi Isojima1963 Volume 19 Issue 2 Pages 95-101
Published: February 10, 1963
Released on J-STAGE: November 28, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe fibrous cellulose triacetate which is made by the vapour phase acetylation, has almost 100mol% acetylation degree and its film or fiber is brittle due to the crystallinity and molecular symmetry. In order to improve this defect, the primary acetate should be ripened introducing somemol% OH group usually.
The brittleness could be improved by fibrous mixed esterification in vapour phase i. e. acetylation-propionylation or acetylation-butyrylation of cellulose.
In order to measure the brittleness, Sakurada-Tsuji's impact tester of pendulum type was used and influences of acetylation degree, draw ratio or heat-treatment of the acetate film upon its impact strength were investigated.
Tensile strength, ultimate elongation, yield value, Young's modulus, toughness and resilience were obtained from the SS-curves of unfractionated or fractionated triacetate, ripened acetate and mixed ester films, and influences of draw ratio, acetylation degree or _??_ upon the mechanical. properties were investigated.
(1) Log of impact rupture energy obtained is linear-proportional to impact velocity, the height and inclination of the straight line are related to the brittleness of the film.
(2) Tensile strength, Young's modulus, yield value, toughness of unfractionated triacetate film increase with draw ratio and ultimate elongation decrease, and resilience is almost invariable.
(3) Tensile strength, ultimate elongation, yield value, toughness of fractionated triacetate film increase with _??_, Young's modulus and resilience decrease.
(4) Tensile strength, Young's modulus, yield value and resilience of ripened acetate or mixed ester films increase with acetylation degree, ultimate elongation and toughness decrease.View full abstractDownload PDF (432K) -
(II) THE INVESTIGATION ON THE DISTRIBUTION OF XANTHATE GROUPS IN THE VARIOUS CELLULOSE XANTHATES BY MEANS OF THE PAPER CHROMATOGRAPHY (III) THE DISCUSSION ON THE LOCATING SELECTIVITY OF XANTHATEMasao Horio, Rikizo Imamura, Naoji Komatsu, Hiroshi Sakata, Takashige ...1963 Volume 19 Issue 2 Pages 102-112
Published: February 10, 1963
Released on J-STAGE: November 28, 2008
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(XIII) X-RAY INVESTIGATIONKimio Inoue, Saburo Okajima1963 Volume 19 Issue 2 Pages 113-119
Published: February 10, 1963
Released on J-STAGE: November 28, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSRayons were heat-treated with hot-water or steam at above 100°C as described in the previous papers and change in the fine structure was studied by X-ray method. The following results are obtained;
(1) The higher the temperature of heat treatment, the sharper is the crystalline diffraction pattern, which is considered to represent an increase in crystallinity and packing perfection of the cellulose chains within the crystallites.
(2) The diffraction of cellulose-IV appeares in such a short time treatment as 15 sec. and its amount formed by heat-treatement is larger in the tire-cord rayon than in the textile rayon or cuprammonium rayon.
(3) Although there is a large difference in depressing effect of swelling of rayon between the hotwater treatment and steaming, little difference is detected in the X-ray crystallinity. Therefore the decrease of swelling may be ascribed to the formation of junction points in amorphous parts of rayon.View full abstractDownload PDF (1241K) -
(IV)INHIBITION OF RECRYSTALLIZATION DURING ACID HYDROLYSIS BY MEANS OF PREOXIDATION WITH ALKALINE HYPOBROMITEHiroshi Nishimura, Osakazu Nakao, Eizo Ogawa, Nobuhiko Migita1963 Volume 19 Issue 2 Pages 120-126
Published: February 10, 1963
Released on J-STAGE: November 28, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSIn order to inhibit recrystallization during acid hydrolysis, a commercial viscose grade pine sulfite pulp was preoxidized with 0.1 N NaOH-0.1 N NaOBr solution for various hours at 25°C, washed, dried, and then subjected to hydrolysis with 3.5 N aq. HCl at 100°C, Amount of highly ordered regions (crystallinity estimated by acid hydrolysis method), degree of polymerization and moisture regain of resulting hydrocellulose were determined to compare the inhibiting effects.
Preoxidation should be carried out for the hours corresponding to the inflexion point of the time of oxidation vs. oxygene consumption curve. The preoxidation for less hours gives an imperfect inhibiting effect, and that for more hours causes oxidative degradation of the highly ordered regions.
The preoxidation method is more effective than the preethanolysis method described in the previous paper. Preoxidation after preethanolysis which increases accessibility of fiber to the oxidizing reagent gives only a slightly higher effect, showing that recrystallization is inhibited perfectly by the preoxidation method. However, hydrocellulose obtained by this method contains more carboxyl and carbonyl groups than ordinary one, though the absolute amounts are low. Therefore, the preethanolysis method without successive preoxidation is recommended when hydrocellulose is prepared as a sample for further investigation.View full abstractDownload PDF (490K) -
(PART IV) MEASUREMENT OF ROLLING FRICTION BETWEEN FILAMENTS IN BUNDLEShigetake Kinoshita, Toshiharu Takizawa, Kurazo Shimada1963 Volume 19 Issue 2 Pages 127-135
Published: February 10, 1963
Released on J-STAGE: November 28, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe interfibre frictions induced on a fibre in a sliver by twisting procedure consist of both forces to resist fibre extension and fiber torsion. The component of friction due to fibre extension was observed previously as the withdrawal force of a single fibre from the bundle. In this work, the rolling friction due to fiber torsion in twisted sliver is investigated by using the mechanical model in which a filament is inserted into a comprssed bundle and measuring the critical torsional moment M necessary to slip this filament in the bundle as a function of the load R.
The experimental results on the torsional friction between Nylon bristle inserted perpendicularly in Nylon bundle is as follow:
1) The value of torsional friction M increases with the increasingly applied load R on bundle as the relation of;
M=αRn
with parameters α and n. This relation is almost independent on the rotational speed of filament.
2) The quantitative relation between the moment due to torsional friction M and the force due to withdrawal friction F of the filament in bundle is expressed by;
M=rF,
where r is the radius of the filament.
3) The moment of torsional friction M increases with the increasing number N of crossing fibres to the filament, as the relation of;
M=α0N(1-n)Rn
where α0 is the value of friction parameter in the case of N=1
On the bases of these elementary properties on the torsional friction between filaments the concrete investigation on the mechanical behavior of the twisted sliver will may be developed in future.View full abstractDownload PDF (669K) -
(V) ON THE ADSORPTION ISOTHERMS OF DISPERSE DYE IN ORGANIC SOLVENT METHOD (VI) ENTHALPY CHANGES OF AMINOANTHRAQUINONE TYPE DISPESE DYES FROM CRYSTAL STATES TO DYED STATESYoshio Suda1963 Volume 19 Issue 2 Pages 136-151
Published: February 10, 1963
Released on J-STAGE: November 28, 2008
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[in Japanese]1963 Volume 19 Issue 2 Pages 152-158
Published: February 10, 1963
Released on J-STAGE: November 28, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (583K) -
1963 Volume 19 Issue 2 Pages 167
Published: 1963
Released on J-STAGE: November 28, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (85K)
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