Sen'i Gakkaishi
Online ISSN : 1884-2259
Print ISSN : 0037-9875
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Volume 21, Issue 12
Displaying 1-6 of 6 articles from this issue
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  • THE CHANGE IN THE SURFACE STRUCTURE AND THE GLOSS OF FIBER BY IRONING
    (I) THE CHANGE IN THE SURFACE STRUCTURE OF FIBER BY IRONING. (II) RELATION BETWEEN THE CHANGES OF SURFACE OF FIBER AND GLOSS OF FABRIC
    Naoyuki Kishi, Masatoshi Takesue
    1965 Volume 21 Issue 12 Pages 613-620
    Published: December 10, 1965
    Released on J-STAGE: November 28, 2008
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2115/fiber.21.613
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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  • ON THE LUBRICATION OF FIBRE WITH FATTY ACIDS
    Eiichi Kuze, Teruo Furushima
    1965 Volume 21 Issue 12 Pages 621-625
    Published: December 10, 1965
    Released on J-STAGE: November 28, 2008
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2115/fiber.21.621
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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    The investigation were made of the friction of fibres lubricated with linear chain fatty acids, and the relations between the number of carbon atoms in fatty acid and the friction coefficient are discussed.
    1) The friction coefficient diminishes as the number of the carbon atoms increases, reaches a minimum value, and then increases slightly. The number of carbon atoms for the minimum value (i.e. transition carbon number) depends on the temperature, the higher the temperature the larger the carbon number at which the minimum value will be reached.
    It seems that the relation between the carbon number and the friction coefficient corresponds with the relation between the temperature and the friction coefficient. This means that the transition carbon number corresponds with the transition temperature.
    2) The static friction is higher than the kinetic friction, and the transition carbon number for the static friction is larger than that in the kinetic friction. It seems that the relation between the sliding speed and the transition carbon number corresponds with the relation between the sliding speed and the transition temperature.
    3) The transition carbon number increases as the pressure at the true area of friction contact increases.
    This fact corresponds with the relation between the load and the transition temperature.
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  • STUDIES ON THE PHOTODEGRADATION OF CELLULOSE
    (IV) INFRARED ABSORPTION SPECTRA OF IRRADIATED SAMPLES. (V) ON THE FORMATION OF CELLULOSE PEROXIDE
    Chugo Kujirai
    1965 Volume 21 Issue 12 Pages 626-634
    Published: December 10, 1965
    Released on J-STAGE: November 28, 2008
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2115/fiber.21.626
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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  • STUDIES ON THE CARBONIZATION OF POLEACRYLNITRILE FIBER
    (I) CHANGES IN MECHANICAL PROPERTIES WITH HEAT-TREATMENT
    Kazuo Miyamichi, Nenokichi Kikuchi, Morio Anzai, Masamichi Katayama
    1965 Volume 21 Issue 12 Pages 635-639
    Published: December 10, 1965
    Released on J-STAGE: November 28, 2008
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2115/fiber.21.635
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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    Flame-proofed fiber and fabrics, prepared by oxydative heat-treatment of polyacrylonitrile, were further heat-treated for 40 min. at various temperatures up to 1000°C in a nitrogen atmosphere. Weight-loss, shrinkage and some tensile properties were measured as a function of temperature. Results may be summarized as follows:
    1. In both fiber and fabrics, weight-loss and shrinkage increase as the treatment by 60_??_70% and 13_??_20%, respectively temperature is raised up to 1000°C. Shrinkage of the fabrics seems to be larger than that of the fiber at all stages.
    2. The tenacity and Young's modulus of the fibers increase and the breaking elongation decreases as the temperature of treatment is increased. There is an inflection point at around 500°C on the curves of the Young's modulus and elongation v. s. temperature.
    3. In contrast to the results on the fiber, tensile strength of the fabrics tends to decrease by increasing the temperature of treatment. The brittle short fibers contained in the yarn will be ruptured by the shearing force, thereby causing the weaker strength of fabrics than that of the fiber.
    4. Resistance to surface abrasion of the flame-proofed fabric seems to be improved by treatment at 500°C.
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  • STUDIES ON THE CARBONIZATION OF POLEACRYLNITRILE FIBER
    (II) CHANGES IN MOISTURE SORPTION AND STRUCTURE WITH HEAT-TREATMENT
    Kazuo Miyamichi, Masamichi Katayama
    1965 Volume 21 Issue 12 Pages 640-643,635
    Published: December 10, 1965
    Released on J-STAGE: November 28, 2008
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2115/fiber.21.640
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    Moisture sorption isotherms were determined at 20°C on flame-proofed fabrics heat-treated for 40min. at various temperatures in the range of 400_??_1000°C. The heat-treating condition is the same as described in the preceding paper I. Results are discussed in conjunction with the changes in composition and mechanical properties (reported in the paper I). Following explanation may be given to structural changes by heat-treatment.
    1. Flame-proofed fiber (prepared at 300°C in air)
    The flame-proof fiber seems to have a pretty irregular structure with some crosslinks and a number of hydrophilic functional groups.
    2. Flame-proofed fiber heat-treated below 500°C
    The structure is tightened by introduction of more crosslinks, but the chemical composition is not much changed except for decrease in hydrogen content. These structural changes are considered to bring about both decrease in breaking elongation and increase in abrasion strength.
    3. Flame-proofed fiber heat-treated above 500°C
    Generation of capillaries is observed in the heat-treated fibers. The number of capollaries tends to increase with elevation of heating temperature up to 1000°C. Heteroatoms are eliminated markedly, resulting in increase of carbon content as the heating temperature is raised. Rapid increase in Young's modulus by raising the heating temperature may therefore have a connection to increase the number of the C-C condensed rings. The sorption curves also indicate that the fibers heat-treated above 900°C have a carbon-type structure which will shift to a more regular one at higher temperatures.
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  • STUDIES ON DYEING PROPERTIES OF DISPERSE DYES
    (1) THE EXPERIMENTAL INVESTIGATION ON THE METHOD OF CYLINDRICAL POLYESTER FILM ROLL
    Minoru Sekido, Hiroshi Kojima
    1965 Volume 21 Issue 12 Pages 644-649
    Published: December 10, 1965
    Released on J-STAGE: November 28, 2008
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2115/fiber.21.644
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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    The application of the method of cylindrical polyester film (Mylar) roll to the studies on the dyeing properties of polyester fiber were investigated, with special concern on the relationship between the surface dye concentration and equilibrium adsorption, and between the dye concentration and diffusion coefficient.
    The results are as follow:
    1) The roll film method used for dyeing cellulose with direct dye can be used for polyester.
    2) The surface dye-concentrations calculated from the roll film method are about the same as that adsorbed on fiber nnder equilirium, Hence this method has the virtue of obtaining diffusion coefficient and partition coefficient at the same time.
    3) Relations between the apparent diffusion coefficients and the dye concentrations are independent in all cases except 4-Nitro-4'-Hydroxylazobenzene which can be expressed as:
    Ci: Dye-concentration.
    D: Apparent diffusion coefficient at Ci.
    D0: Apparent diffucient at zero dye-concentration.
    m: The slope of the D vs. Ci curve.
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