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Volume 38, Issue 9
Displaying 1-12 of 12 articles from this issue
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Juzo Takahashi, Seigo Oya1982 Volume 38 Issue 9 Pages T367-T374
Published: September 10, 1982
Released on J-STAGE: November 28, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSA conc. aqueous solution of poly (sodium-L-glutamate) (PSLG) was spun in aqueous acid solutions. The effect of drawing conditions including the drafting, spinning-drawing and after-drawing were discussed in relation to the molecular chain conformation, crystal-type and mechanical properties of the resulting fibers.
Drafting; When the H3PO4 solution was used as a coagulant, not only the extruded fluid filament became thinner, but also the molecular chains were extended and the β-type crystals were formed in the drafting process. When the HCl solution was used as a coagulant the α-type crystals were formed.
Spinning-drawing; The spinning-drawing process was carried out after the drafting. The semicoagulated filaments were drawn between the 1st and the 2nd rollers above the coagulation bath. When the H3PO4 solution was used as a coagulant, the β-type crystals were formed and highly oriented. On the contrary, the HCl solution was used as a coagulant, the α-type crystals were formed and slightly oriented.
After-drawing; The filament containing H3PO4 was wound up on a bobbin. The α-type crystal was formed in the filament. In the after-drawing process, the filament was drawn between two rollers in air, in a H3PO4 solution or in water at various temperatures. When the after-drawing was carried out at temperatures below 70°C, the filament superior in quality was obtained, and the β-type crystal was formed in the drawn filament which was highly oriented. Whereas, the after-drawing was carried out at temperatures above 70°C, the filament was broken.
The filament with excellent mechanical properties was obtained by the combination of the drawing processes in the drafting and in the spinning-drawing.View full abstractDownload PDF (3051K) -
Juzo Takahashi, Kenichi Shibata, Shunji Nomura, Masataka Kurokawa1982 Volume 38 Issue 9 Pages T375-T380
Published: September 10, 1982
Released on J-STAGE: November 28, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSBand structure in the hydroxypropylcellulose (HPC) specimen shear-deformed at liquid crystalline state has been examined by the X-ray diffraction, small angle light scattering and microscopic observation. There appeared the periodic band structure perpendicular to the direction of shear, when axially oriented liquid crystalline specimens were relaxed freely for several tens second. Band width, crystalline orientation in the band and light scattering from these band structures were investigated for thin-film from 50% HPC liquid crystalline solution.
Hv scattering exhibited two-point patterns extending at right angle to bands, and the maximum of scattering intensity was observed from which the period of band was estimated. The obtained value, 3μm was twice of band width. Crystallographic C-axis, chain direction, in band were inclined about 40 degrees to the direction of shear and the direction of inclination changed alternately from band to band.View full abstractDownload PDF (2228K) -
Kazuo Yamaura, Masaki Hamaguchi, Naoki Rokudai, Satoko Tamura, Shuji M ...1982 Volume 38 Issue 9 Pages T381-T385
Published: September 10, 1982
Released on J-STAGE: November 28, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe flow-induced crystallization of syndiotacticity-rich poly (vinyl alcohol) from the dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO)/water solutions was studied. With the DMSO content of ca. 5 vol%, the rate of crystallization was highest and fibrillar crystals formed near the surface of the solution at the initial stage of stirring. An expansion of polymer coil due to an increased solvation is considered to enhance the rate of crystallization. A stretching of the polymeric chains at the surface due to adsorption is also considered to accelerate the formation of nucleus.View full abstractDownload PDF (284K) -
Atsushi Suzuki1982 Volume 38 Issue 9 Pages T386-T391
Published: September 10, 1982
Released on J-STAGE: November 28, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe heat conductivity of the resin composite filled with shirasu balloons was studied on the basis of the heat-resistance model, by which the calculated values were recognized to be in good agreement with the experimental values. The equation derived involves such factors as the size distribution, the external wall-thickness and the filled or broken quantity of shirasu balloons. The effects of the above factors on the heat conductivity were estimated from the calculated values.
The results suggested that shirasu balloons of the size distribution above medium size, which had the radius of the particle above 100μ, were suitable to reduce the heat conductivity. It was necessary for effective thermal insulation to be thin in the external wall-thickness and to be small in the broken quantity too.View full abstractDownload PDF (366K) -
Hitoshi Kanazawa, Toshiko Katoh, Kenzo Nishida1982 Volume 38 Issue 9 Pages T392-T397
Published: September 10, 1982
Released on J-STAGE: November 28, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSGraft copolymerization of methyl methacrylate onto cotton fabrics was carried out by the irradiation of monochromatic light of 365 nm wave length in a methanol-water mixed system with hydrogen peroxide as photosensitizer. When the graft copolymerization was made in the various mixing ratios of methanol and water, a maximum of % grafting was obtained at about 36 volume % methanol in the methanol-water mixture. The grafting increased with the irradiation time up to about 6 hr and decreased after that. The number average degrees of polymerization of the graft poly (methyl methacrylate) were estimated to be 14, 500 and 15, 100 for the fabrics of 35.0% and 53.9% grafting, respectively. Physical tests were made for the grafted fabrics. No decrease of tensile strength by the photo-irradiation was observed for them. Somewhat less tearing strength, high bending resistance and water repellency were obtained by grafting. Moreover, they gave very good dyeability with disperse dye both in dyeing and in heat-transfer printing.View full abstractDownload PDF (977K) -
Akira Takaku, Shun Terui, Futoshi Taga, Norimasa Okui, Jiro Shimizu1982 Volume 38 Issue 9 Pages T398-T404
Published: September 10, 1982
Released on J-STAGE: November 28, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe density changes of acrylic fibers by isothermal stabilization at temperatures from 221 to 281°C have been investigated. The density increased with increasing heat treatment time and reached independently of heat treatment temperature a value of about 1.58_??_1.60g/cm3 at longer heat treatment times. The molecular weight and molecular volume per repeat unit of polymer of the original and heat-treated fibers were calculated from elemental constitutions and density by assuming that _??_ repeat unit contains three carbon atoms in average. By the heat treatment in air the molecular weight increased up to about 11%, and the molecular volume decreased up to about 17%. The deference in densities between the acrylonitrile copolymer fibers heat-treated in air and in a silicone oil bath was small at initial periods of the heat treatments. This indicates that with the copolymer fibers the density change at initial periods of the heat treatment in air is mainly due to a volumetric shrinkage accompanied with the cyclization of nitrile side groups from initiation centers already present in the fibers. Polyacrylonitrile homopolymer fibers showed a distinctive retardation in the relation between density and heat treatment time. This retardation is attributed to the fact that the formation of initiation centers of the cyclization in homopolymer fibers is rate-determined by the diffusion of oxygen from the atmosphere into the fibers.View full abstractDownload PDF (545K) -
Andrzej Ziabicki1982 Volume 38 Issue 9 Pages P409-P417
Published: September 10, 1982
Released on J-STAGE: November 28, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (629K) -
SUSUMU KASE1982 Volume 38 Issue 9 Pages P418-P426
Published: September 10, 1982
Released on J-STAGE: November 28, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (633K) -
SYOZO KUBO1982 Volume 38 Issue 9 Pages P427-P433
Published: September 10, 1982
Released on J-STAGE: November 28, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (509K) -
KEN-ICHI KATAYAMA, YOON MOON-GUH1982 Volume 38 Issue 9 Pages P434-P441
Published: September 10, 1982
Released on J-STAGE: November 28, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (534K) -
HIROSHI YABE1982 Volume 38 Issue 9 Pages P442-P447
Published: September 10, 1982
Released on J-STAGE: November 28, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (546K) -
AKIKO YAMADA1982 Volume 38 Issue 9 Pages P449-P456
Published: September 10, 1982
Released on J-STAGE: November 28, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (625K)
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