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Volume 46, Issue 5
Displaying 1-11 of 11 articles from this issue
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Shigeaki Nagai, Hatsune Tsuzuku, Katsuhiko Inagaki1990 Volume 46 Issue 5 Pages 169-173
Published: May 10, 1990
Released on J-STAGE: November 28, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe bending deformation behavior of fabrics folded by a linear creased line, such as the pleat, was mechanically analysed in the case of bending perpendicular to the creased line. The geometrical deformation of the fabric with a creased line formed by bending was regarded as a pyramid which was made up by the truss beams with triangular fabrics. By the use of the pyramidal truss model composed of four truss beams and fabrics allowing buckling, the bending deformation of the fabric with a creased line was discussed. The deforming process by bending was classified into three stages concerning the changing of bending angle β perpendicular to the creased line. At the first stage, the creased angle α was un-changed, but the buckling power P of the fabric part and the distance L between two ends of the truss beams were changed. At the second stage, all of α, P and L were changed, and at the third stage, only P was changed. The range of β at the second stage was found to be closely related with the weight of the fabric and the bending rigidity El. The larger the El of fabrics is, the narrower the range of β at the second stage. This fact indicated that the creased line rapidly disappears.View full abstractDownload PDF (308K) -
Katsufumi Tanaka, Tsukasa Haneda, Kiyohito Koyama1990 Volume 46 Issue 5 Pages 174-180
Published: May 10, 1990
Released on J-STAGE: November 28, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe experimental study on melt spinning was carried out for a linear type poly(phenylene sulfide) (PPS). The thermal properties and crystallization behavior were examined by dilatometry. The glass transition temperature of the PPS was 91°C and the melting temperature was 288°C. The crys-tallization temperature at the cooling rate of 2°C/min was 252°C. The Avrami's exponent of the crystallization isotherm was 2. Although these values of linear type PPS were similar to those of conventional type PPS, melt spinning was possible for linear type PPS, but not for conventional type PPS. The maximum strain rate of running filaments was about 50s-1 under the spinning condition of extrusion temperature of 300°C, extrusion rate of 1.89×10-3cm3/s, and take-up speed of 108m/min. The maximum strain rate was the same to that of a liquid crystalline polymer at melt spinning. The region of elongational deformation was very narrow and close to the spinneret in the same manner as with melt spinning of mesophase petroleum pitch. The elongational viscosity of the deformation region ranged from 4×103 poise to 1×106 poise, which was higher than that of conventional polymer melt spinning. The temperature at solidification point of the running filaments was 140°C. The elongational stress during attenuation process was simulated by a constitutive equation of the Bogue-White model. Good prediction of the elongational stress along spinline was obtained by using single relaxation time, similarly to the case of melt spinning of petroleum pitch. Molecular orientation and mechanical properties of PPS fibers were also investigated. Molecular orientation and Young's modulus of as-spun PPS fibers increased with an increase in their molecular weights. Young's modulus of PPS fibers was much higher than that of isotropic PTFE sheets.View full abstractDownload PDF (1506K) -
Chuan Xin Liang, Kiyoshi Hirabayashi1990 Volume 46 Issue 5 Pages 181-185
Published: May 10, 1990
Released on J-STAGE: November 28, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe silk fibroin membrane was obtained by the solvent casting method. The effect of the concentration of calcium chloride in solvent on the molecular structure and the mechanical properties such as strength, elongation and Young's modulus of fibroin membrane was investigated. The content of calcium chloride absorbed by fibroin increased with increasing the concentration of calcium chloride in solvent and approached to the absorption equilibrium at concentration above 3M, The coordinated absorption of calcium chloride on fibroin residues may be restrained at the high concentration of calcium chloride. As calcium chloride molecules penetrated into the non-crystalline and crystalline regions of silk fibroin and expanded the intermolecular space, the cleavage of fibroin by hydrolysis and the hydrogen bond breaking occurred. The fibroin membrane cast from 2M of calcium chloride solution showed the highest value of elongation, because the hydrogen-bond breaking and the cleavage of fibroin slightly occurred at this concentration.View full abstractDownload PDF (337K) -
Kazuhiko Fukatsu1990 Volume 46 Issue 5 Pages 186-191
Published: May 10, 1990
Released on J-STAGE: November 28, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe relation between the decomposition of hydrogen peroxide and the degradation of wool keratin fiber was studied for the Fe(III) -wool keratin complex-hydrogen peroxide system. The catalytic action of the Fe(III)-wool keratin complex in hydrogen peroxide decomposition was also studied. The Fe(III) ion showed a high catalytic activity, while the Fe(III)-wool keratin complex was less active. The decomposition of hydrogen peroxide occurred along with the degradation of wool keratin fiber by the scission of keratin molecules. The wool keratin fiber did not react with hydrogen peroxide in the absence of metal ions, but small quantities of the Fe(III) ion caused degradation. The degradation rate of wool keratin fiber was dependent on the pH of the treatment solution and became progressively higher as the pH of solution was lowered. The activity of Fe(III) ion was lower than that of the Cu(II) ion in both hydrogen peroxide decomposition and degradation of wool keratin fiber.View full abstractDownload PDF (430K) -
Tokuju Goto, Tomiji Wakita, Itsuo Tanaka1990 Volume 46 Issue 5 Pages 192-197
Published: May 10, 1990
Released on J-STAGE: November 28, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSPolyester fabrics were pretreated with poly (ethylene glycol) with average molecular weight from 400 to 10, 000, and then low temperature plasma treatment were carried out using air, oxygen, nitrogen, and argon. After washing with hot water or home laundering, antistatic, hydrophilic, and oil release properties of the treated polyester fabrics were measured. The change in fiber surface structure was analyzed by ESCA. A polyester film sample was also treated by oxygen plasma after the poly (ethylene glycol) pretreatment. The surface free energy of the film was calculated from the Zisman plot and the extended Fowkes equation. Polyester fabrics with excellent antistatic, hydrophilic and oil release properties were obtained by low temperature plasma treatment after poly (ethylene glycol) pretreatment. These properties were retained after heat treatment and repeated home laundering. The ESCA analysis confirmed that pretreated poly (ethylene glycol) reacted with the polyester fiber during the low temperature plasma treat ment.View full abstractDownload PDF (437K) -
HIROSHI INAGAKI1990 Volume 46 Issue 5 Pages P195-P201
Published: May 10, 1990
Released on J-STAGE: November 28, 2008
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YOSHINARI KOBAYASHI1990 Volume 46 Issue 5 Pages P202-P206
Published: May 10, 1990
Released on J-STAGE: November 28, 2008
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KATSUMI KUBOSHIMA1990 Volume 46 Issue 5 Pages P207-P214
Published: May 10, 1990
Released on J-STAGE: November 28, 2008
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KIICHI KIRIGAYA1990 Volume 46 Issue 5 Pages P215-P219
Published: May 10, 1990
Released on J-STAGE: November 28, 2008
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In Case of Air Filter MediaHISASHI HASEGAWA, YASUJI KAZUMORI1990 Volume 46 Issue 5 Pages P220-P224
Published: May 10, 1990
Released on J-STAGE: November 28, 2008
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FUMIHIKO ONABE1990 Volume 46 Issue 5 Pages P225-P229
Published: May 10, 1990
Released on J-STAGE: November 28, 2008
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