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Volume 18, Issue 11
Displaying 1-10 of 10 articles from this issue
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(I) THE THERMAL EFFECT IN CORD (II) CYCLIC EXTENSION AND COMPRESSION EFFECTS IN CORDRinzo Ono, Naoji Komatsu1962 Volume 18 Issue 11 Pages 955-965
Published: November 10, 1962
Released on J-STAGE: November 28, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (833K) -
Yukio Mitsuishi1962 Volume 18 Issue 11 Pages 966-971
Published: November 10, 1962
Released on J-STAGE: November 28, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSIn order to obtain information concerning fine structure of rayon, the retraction in alkali solutions of various rayons and alkali treated rayons were investigated.
The results obtained are as follows:
1. The higher the concentration of NaOH solution, the higher the rate and the equilibrium value of retraction.
2. The fine structure of rayons changes remarkably by alkali treatment. The higher the concentration of NaOH solution used for the treatment, the higher order region shifts the peaks of the curves of alkali retraction equilibrium, but the positions of the peak are unaffected by the stretching ratios in alkali treatment.
3. The position of the peak of retraction equilibrium curve in alkali solutions coressponds to the alkali concentration at which the crystallites, anchoring points of the network structure are destroyed by swelling, and also to the alkali concentration at which the peak in the lateral order distribution curve determined by the alkali solubility method almost disappears.
4. The forms of retraction equilibrium curves in alkali solutions for super-2 high tenacity rayon, Toramomen type rayon and ordinary rayon are remarkably different, because of the differences in the lateral order distribution and the molecular chain orientation.View full abstractDownload PDF (390K) -
Yukio Mitsuishi1962 Volume 18 Issue 11 Pages 972-976
Published: November 10, 1962
Released on J-STAGE: November 28, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe mechanism of alkali swelling treatment of high tenacity rayons was investigated and also preparation of “Toramomen type rayon” by a method of alkali sweling treatment followed by stretching of high tenacity rayons was attempted.
The results obtained are as follows;
1. The stress-strain curves of alkali treated high tenacity rayons appear relaxed, and those in, high degree of swelling stretched. Therefore, intermediate regions of stress-strain curves in swelling mediums become narrower than those of the untreated.
2. The peaks of the lateral order distribution curves for high tenacity rayons shift to higher order region by the alkali treatment.
3. In acid hydrolysis curves, coefficient Kc becomes smaller and extrapolated value Co becomes larger, that is, the size of crystallite and the degree of crystallinity become larger than those of untreated by the alkali swelling. So the structure of high tenacity rayons approaches to that of “Toramomen type rayons”. The results of X-ray diffraction analysis shows the same tendency.
4. “Toramomen type rayons” are obtained by stretching the high tenacity rayons in an alkali solution of proper concentration (the crystallites, anchoring points of network structure, are almost destroyed by swelling) and then by washing.View full abstractDownload PDF (398K) -
(3) CHEMICAL CHANGE OF POLYMER BY HEAT-DISSOLUTIONMasatoshi Yoshida, Masakazu Taniyamam1962 Volume 18 Issue 11 Pages 977-980
Published: November 10, 1962
Released on J-STAGE: November 28, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSIt has been found that dope viscosity decreased during the dissolution time when the acrylic polymers was dissolved in ZnCl2-NaCl mixed aq. solution at high temperature (110-150°C) by slurry method.
It seems that the breaking down of the polymer molecule does not occur during dissolution, because the molecular weight does not change after dissolution.
It was found by Infrared absorption spectrum and elemental analysis that CN group decreases and changes to CONH2, COONH4 or COOH group during the dissolution.View full abstractDownload PDF (228K) -
Seishi Machida, Yasushi Yoshino1962 Volume 18 Issue 11 Pages 981-984
Published: November 10, 1962
Released on J-STAGE: November 28, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSSome strong electrolyte was added into the solution of partially caustic-hydrolyzed poly (ethyl acrylate) and the sedimentation of cellulose fibers was investigated.
The viscosity of the solution was found to decrease and the sedimentation rate of the fibers increase. The influence of the presence of electrolyte appears evident with the amounts of carboxylate groups in the polymer molecule.
Deflocculation capability of polyelectrolyte is discussed from a standpoint of molecular functionality and configuration from these results.
It is considered that by adding other electrolytes into the polyelectrolyte solution the molecular shape is changed and diminishes the viscosity, that the change of molecular shape affects the relative proportion of the function of ionic part to that of nonionic part to change the adsorption properties of the polymer molecule to fiber surfaces, and then change the sedimentation rate of the fibers.
For using the polyelectrolyte as the dispersing agent of fibers, the necessity of avoiding the presence of other elecrolytes in the solution is also discussed.View full abstractDownload PDF (288K) -
Hisaaki Kanetsuna, Kazuo Kondo, Nobuyoshi Murase, Masahiro Yano1962 Volume 18 Issue 11 Pages 985-991
Published: November 10, 1962
Released on J-STAGE: November 28, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSIt is observed that the absorption phenomena of p-chlorophenol by poly-ester fibre from its hexane solution are very similar to that of phenol by 6 nylon fibre from its aqueous solution. These phenomenaa are summarized as follows.
(1) In the case of a low concentration of p-chlorophenol, the p-chlorophenol is distributed between, the fibre phase and the hexane phase by the partition law.
(2) Above 0.025g/cc. sol. of p-chlorophenol, the value of the partition coefficient increases.
(3) Above 0.045g/cc. sol. of p-chlorophenol, the amount of p-chlorophenol absorbed by the fibre increases rapidly and the fibre changes into “Bodenkörper”.
(4) Above 0.05g/cc, sol. of p-chlorophenol, the p-chlorophenol is distributed between the poly-esterphase and the hexane phase by the partition law.
(5) During immersion of the fibre in the solution of a certain range of concentration, the amount. of p-chlorophenol absorbed had a maximum value.
(6) The amount of total swelling of the fibre in the p-chlorophenol-hexane solution is equal to the amount of p-chlorophenol absorbed by the fibre.
It is concluded that the absorption mechanism of p-chlorophenol by poly-ester fibre from its hexane solution is very similar to that of phenol by 6 nylon fibre from its aqueous solution. The estimation method of the lateral-order distribution in poly-ester fibre which is same, in principle, to that method for 6 nylon fibre, is proposed. A few examples of measurement are given.View full abstractDownload PDF (450K) -
(I). THE STUDY ON THE MECHANISM OF XANTHATION BY MEANS OF THE X-RAY ANALYSISHiroshi Sakata, Naoji Komatsu1962 Volume 18 Issue 11 Pages 992-997
Published: November 10, 1962
Released on J-STAGE: November 28, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSChanges of crystalline structure of a fibrouse ramie during the xanthation process were studied by means of the X-ray analysis technique. The results obtained were as follows.
1) As xanthation of a ramie proceeds, X-ray interferences of the purified and unpurified xanthate with methanol become weaker and broader. The destruction (dissolution) of the crystalline structure during the xanthation under 1) is discussed.
2) The processing of the reaction is observed even in the simultaneouse presence of both interferences arising from the unreacted alkali cellulose and reacted product. The latter shows new hallow patterns that shift to smaller 2 θ as xanthation-ratio increases.
3) From above results, the following conception on the reaction mechanism may be entertained. The reaction proceeds gradually from amorphouse region and miceller surface into micelle interior by “Schittergitter Reaktion” mechanism. The crystalline structure of such a reacted region is destructed by the distortion of crystalline unit and the dissolution of the reacted chain into the alkali medium, and such destruction itself promots further reaction.View full abstractDownload PDF (1810K) -
(PART. 3) THE EFFECT OF BASE TENTION ON THE RESIDUAL ELONGATION OF THE YARN IN CYCLIC EXTENSIONKokichi Furusato, Naoshi Osawa1962 Volume 18 Issue 11 Pages 998-1003
Published: November 10, 1962
Released on J-STAGE: November 28, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSIn weaving the specimen viscose rayon yarn a constant repeated extension was given to it under different base tensions, and the residual elongations obtained was measured.
The results obtained are as follows;
(1) When the repeated extension of 1% strain was given to the yarn varying base-tension ranging 0.05, 0.10, 0.15, 0.20, 0.25, 0.30, 0.35, 0.40, 0.50 (g/d) it was found exsistence of a point where the residual elongation suddenly increases, the tension at that point being about 0.35g/d.
(2) Applying different frequencies of extension ranging between 100, 200, and 300 (c. p. m.) the same result as in the above (I) was obtained.
(3) The number of extensions cause the breakage of 10% of the yarn. The number of breaking increases with the increase of the frequency and it occurs clearly at above 0.35g/d.
(4) The change in the mechanical properties of the yarn caused by the repeated extensions brings the increase of extensions to some extent with the repetition in Young's modulus and breaking strength, while elongation decreases to some extent.View full abstractDownload PDF (295K) -
IV. THE EFFECTS OF PROPERTIES OF FIBER ON THE COLOR-DEPTH AND COLOR-SHADE OF DYEINGS V. THE EFFECTS OF HEAT TREATMENT OF VINYLON ON THE COLOR-DEPTH AND COLOR-SHADE OF DYEINGSAkifumi Nasuno, Kenichi Tanade1962 Volume 18 Issue 11 Pages 1004-1019
Published: November 10, 1962
Released on J-STAGE: November 28, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (1142K) -
[in Japanese]1962 Volume 18 Issue 11 Pages 1020-1025
Published: November 10, 1962
Released on J-STAGE: November 28, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (415K)
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