Sen'i Gakkaishi

Structure of Polyglycine Crystals Formed by Thermal Solid State Polymerization

Hirokazu Kimura, Takashi Itoh, Akira Fujii, Hiroshi Sakabe, Takashi Ko ...

1994Volume 50Issue 9 Pages 395-398
Published: September 10, 1994
Released on J-STAGE: November 28, 2008

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2115/fiber.50.9_395

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Structure of polyglycine crystal synthesized by solid-state polymerization from α-form single crystal of glycine monomer was examined by X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The X-ray diffraction patterns showed biaxially oriented type-I crystal of polyglycine. The SEM results suggested that crossing laminar and needle-shaped structures were responsible for the biaxial crystalline orientation.

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Crystallization in Successive-Biaxial Stretching of Poly (phenylene sulfide) and Poly (ethylene terephthalate) Films

Yutaka Ohkoshi, Atsuo Konda, Tatsuaki Matsuda, Yoshio Shimizu

1994Volume 50Issue 9 Pages 399-401
Published: September 10, 1994
Released on J-STAGE: November 28, 2008

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2115/fiber.50.9_399

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The crystal orientation and crystallite morphology were analyzed by X-ray diffraction for successive-biaxial stretched poly (phenylene sulfide) (PPS) and poly (ethylene terephthalate) (PET) films. The crystallites oriented along c-axis were formed at more than 4.0 times drawing for PPS film. The PPS crystallites formed at 4.0 times drawing could rotate at the second drawing process, while those of PET were broken and reorganized into new crystallites oriented along the second draw direction.

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Soiling and Deterioration of Wool Fiber due to Exposure to Atomspheric Environment

Yukiko Kobayashi, Kunio Yoshizumi

1994Volume 50Issue 9 Pages 402-405
Published: September 10, 1994
Released on J-STAGE: November 28, 2008

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2115/fiber.50.9_402

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A wool fabric was exposed to the ambient air in downtown Tokyo for 180 days. The soiling and deterioration of the surface was examined periodically with scanning electron microscopy. The distinguishable influences of the air pollutants on the wool surface was observed after the 180-day exposure. It is considered that particulate matter and ozone would be significant environmental factors to the soiling and deterioration of a wool fabric through the morphological comparison. However, the damage caused by nitrogen dioxide was not observed seriously.

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Morphological Studies on Polymer/Liquid Crystal Blend

Akira Kaito, Jose Ricardo da Silva Rodrigues

1994Volume 50Issue 9 Pages 406-409
Published: September 10, 1994
Released on J-STAGE: November 28, 2008

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2115/fiber.50.9_406

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The morphology of blends of a low molecular-weight liquid crystal (LC) with poly (caprolactone) (PCL) was studied with differential scanning calorimetry, polarized optical microscopy, and scanning electron microscopy. The crystallization of PCL resulted in the crystalline domains in the blend, and their morphology was dependent on the composition. The changes in morphology during crystallization and melting processes were also examined by optical microscopy.

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Epitaxial Crystal Growth of Polyvinylidene Fluoride on Ionic Crystals and One-Axially-Oriented Polymer Surfaces

Takashi Itoh, Satoshi Kunimura, Ayako Shimizu, Takashi Konishi

1994Volume 50Issue 9 Pages 410-413
Published: September 10, 1994
Released on J-STAGE: November 28, 2008

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2115/fiber.50.9_410

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Polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) was crystallized as thin films on (001) cleavage planes of ionic crystals as well as one-axially oriented polymer surfaces by using vacuum-evaporation or solution-growth technique. The polymer surfaces regulated the molecular orientation of PVDF. The ionic crystals controled the molecular conformation and produced the highly ordered α-form (on NaCl and KCl) and β-form (on KBr) crystals of the polymer. Matching of the lattice spacings between the PVDF crystal and the substrates does not seem to be important in determining the crystalline form.

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Fine Structures of Fluorine Elastomer Emulsions

Sadaatsu Yamaguchi, Masayoshi Tatemoto

1994Volume 50Issue 9 Pages 414-417
Published: September 10, 1994
Released on J-STAGE: November 28, 2008

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2115/fiber.50.9_414

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The fine structures of tetrafluoroethylene-vinyliden fluoride-hexafluoropropene terpolymer and vinylidene fluoride-hexafluoropropene copolymer have been investigated by transmission electron microscopy. Fine particles of 16-30nm in diameter were observed on the surface of emulsion particles dried at ca. 5°C. When the dried surface of the emulsion particles was rubbed with a microspatula, the particles were broken to fine particles which were separated from each other. These fine particles are considered to grow gradually as the polymerization proceeds.

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Structural Change of Alginate Hydrogel Fibres in the Presence of Water

Francis X. Quinn, T. Hatakeyama, H. Hatakeyama

1994Volume 50Issue 9 Pages 418-420
Published: September 10, 1994
Released on J-STAGE: November 28, 2008

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2115/fiber.50.9_418

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Calcium alginate hydrogel fibres prepared by wet spinning were investigated by polarizing light microscopy and differential scanning calorimetry. Alginate molecules aligned in the direction of the fibre axis in the presence of bulk-like water. However, a disordered structure was formed following the evaporation of water. It was found that the order-disorder transformation was reversible by sorbing and desorbing water in the fibres.

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Microscopic Observation of Cross-Section of Dyed Wool and Nylon 6 Fibers after Treatment with Low-Temperature Plasma

Tomiji Wakida, Muncheul Lee, Shouhua Niu, Shigenobu Kobayashi, Shinji ...

1994Volume 50Issue 9 Pages 421-423
Published: September 10, 1994
Released on J-STAGE: November 28, 2008

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2115/fiber.50.9_421

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Wool and nylon 6 fibers were treated with O₂, CF₄, and atmospheric He/Ar low-temperature plasmas and then dyed with acid and basic dyes respectively. The cross-sections of dyed fibers were observed with optical microscope. The diffusion of both acid and basic dyes for wool was increased by O₂ plasma treatment, whereas for the O₂ plasma-treated nylon 6 fiber the diffusion of acid dye was restrained and that of basic dye was increased.

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Observation of Deforming Process of a Poorly Formed Papersheet by Thermography

Tatsuo Yamauchi, Koji Murakami

1994Volume 50Issue 9 Pages 424-425
Published: September 10, 1994
Released on J-STAGE: November 28, 2008

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2115/fiber.50.9_424

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The tensile deformation process of a poorly formed handsheet was observed by using infrared thermography. A series of local temperature rise distribution images showed that one of the high temperature parts at the early stage of plastic deformation became the failure line. The extent of uniformity in temperature rise distribution during the straining can be related to the breaking load.

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An Interactive Graphic Model of a Human Body and 3-Dimensional Free Space between a Garment and a Body for Garments Design

Jin Wang, Takao Furukawa, Yoshio Shimizu, Atsuo Konda

1994Volume 50Issue 9 Pages 426-429
Published: September 10, 1994
Released on J-STAGE: November 28, 2008

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2115/fiber.50.9_426

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An interactive graphic human body model was developed as a hierarchical structure. The model consist of torso, arms, legs and other body parts. Various postures of the model can be controlled through a natural language interface which is parsed by definite clause grammar and the database of the human body model made by Common Lisp Object System (CLOS). Especially, the torso component, which are the most important in the garment design, can be controlled and expressed more precisely.
A 3-dimensional free space between a garment (blouse of the 9AR type) and a body was measured and expressed visually by computer graphics. Two kinds of blouse of the 9AR type were made and put on the dressmaker's model equivalent to the graphic body model. The results showed that the 3-dimensional free space expressed by the computer graphics is useful in clothing engineering.

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Review for CAD/CAM Technology of Textile Products

KENICH OHTA, ATSUO SHIBUYA, HARUKI IMAOKA, YOSHIO SHIMIZU

1994Volume 50Issue 9 Pages P510-P523
Published: September 10, 1994
Released on J-STAGE: November 28, 2008

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2115/fiber.50.9_P510

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A Computer Simulation of Capillary Water Flow in Fabrics

MORIHIRO YONEDA

1994Volume 50Issue 9 Pages P524-P528
Published: September 10, 1994
Released on J-STAGE: November 28, 2008

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2115/fiber.50.9_P524

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Computational Analysis of High-Speed Melt Spinning Process

TAKESHI KIKUTANI

1994Volume 50Issue 9 Pages P529-P536
Published: September 10, 1994
Released on J-STAGE: November 28, 2008

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2115/fiber.50.9_P529

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Computer Simulation Studies of the Structural Development and the Phase Transitions in Polymer Systems

TAKASHI YAMAMOTO

1994Volume 50Issue 9 Pages P537-P541
Published: September 10, 1994
Released on J-STAGE: November 28, 2008

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2115/fiber.50.9_P537

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Crystal Structure Analysis of Fibrous Polymer and Its Simulation

YASUHIRO TAKAHASHI

1994Volume 50Issue 9 Pages P542-P547
Published: September 10, 1994
Released on J-STAGE: November 28, 2008

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2115/fiber.50.9_P542

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Ancient Garments in Japan

SHUJI MATSUZAWA

1994Volume 50Issue 9 Pages P548-P549
Published: September 10, 1994
Released on J-STAGE: November 28, 2008

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2115/fiber.50.9_P548

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