The trace element composition of whole blood has been investigated by instrumental neutron activation analysis (INAA) . The blood samples of 80 individuals of adult population in Taiwan were analyzed. The samples were lyophilized, irradiated together with synthetic standards, and determined γ-spectrometrically. The concentrations of 7 elements, Cr, Co, Fe, Rb, Sc, Se and Zn were simultaneously determined. The reliability of the analysis was checked with N$S bovine liver reference standard material. The frequency distributions of all the elements measured are presented and the results are compared with available data.
The bindings of67Ga and59Fe to ferritin or transferrin in vitro has been investigated. Affinity constants have been measured using the equilibrium dialysis, and the results have been obtained as follows: (1) Apo-ferritin could not bind to67 Ga until it was transformed into ferritin in presence of Fe-citrate. On the contrary, the affinity of67Ga to ferritin was reduced when Fe was released from ferritin; thus indicating that Fe-core has been required for the binding of67Ga to ferritin. (2) Binding of67Ga to ferritin was inhibited with apo-transferrin, and this was also shown in the case of59Fe. In the presence of NaHCO3or citrate, more remarkable inhibitions were observed. NaHCO3or citrate was found to give a synergistic effect on the binding of67Ga to transferrin, as well as Fe-transferrin. Therefore, both67Ga and59Fe could not bind to ferritin in the state of67Ga- or59Fe-transferrin. (3) The release of59Fe from59Fe-transferrin was enhanced with adenosine triphosphate (ATP), citrate, or ascorbic acid, while any of these reagents did not affect the release of67Ga from67Ga-transferrin. The comparison of59Fe and67Ga through their bindings to ferritin or transferrin has suggested one of points to distinguish67Ga from59Fe in the cell.
Technetium-99m-diethylene-triamine penta-acetic acid (DTPA) and111In-DTPA were injected simultaneously into 21 patients with various levels of renal function. Scintiphoto, camera data renograms and clearance values (plasma sampling) were obtained for each patient. The mixed isotope scintiphoto images were of intermediate quality and the images with111In-DTPA were apparently inferior to those with99mTc-DTPA. These equations were obtained: (1) y=0.30+0.91x (coefficiency of correlation r=0.98) where x is the value at T peak (time of maximum count on renogram) obtained with99mTc-DTPA and where y is the value at T peak with111In-DTPA. (2) y=-0.09+1.006x (r=0.99) where x is the value at T3/4 (time interval between the time of maximum count to the time of 3/4 of maximum count on renogram) and where y is the value at T3/4obtained with111In-DTPA. (3) y=-0.01+1.007x (r=0.98) where the x and y values were for the excretion ratios (counts at 20 min/maximum counts on renogram) . (4) y=0.81+0.98x (r=0.99) where x and y are the clearance values.