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Volume 60 (1994)
- Issue 6 Pages 713-
- Issue 5 Pages 569-
- Issue 4 Pages 433-
- Issue 3 Pages 311-
- Issue 2 Pages 143-
- Issue 1 Pages 7-
Volume 60, Issue 4
Displaying 1-30 of 30 articles from this issue
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Nobuhiro Kanno1994 Volume 60 Issue 4 Pages 433-438
Published: July 25, 1994
Released on J-STAGE: February 29, 2008
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Michiaki Yamashita1994 Volume 60 Issue 4 Pages 439-442
Published: July 25, 1994
Released on J-STAGE: February 29, 2008
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Shuichi Kitada1994 Volume 60 Issue 4 Pages 443-447
Published: July 25, 1994
Released on J-STAGE: February 29, 2008
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Toshiharu Kawabata1994 Volume 60 Issue 4 Pages 449-453
Published: July 25, 1994
Released on J-STAGE: February 29, 2008
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Shigeru Fuwa, Yoshitaka Shimomura, Munechika Ishizaki, Takehiko Imai1994 Volume 60 Issue 4 Pages 455-460
Published: July 25, 1994
Released on J-STAGE: February 29, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe fishing mechanism of fish pots was studied through both field research and laboratory experi-ments using puffer, Fugu niphoble. Sizes of fish pots and puffer, Lagocephalus wheerleri caught were measured on board. As a first step to investigate swimming motion near the entrance to pots, the behavior of fish at the entrance to a simplified pot set in the aquarium were recorded on video tape and investigated using a motion analyzer. The following results were obtained.
The turning motion of fish varied with the width of the pot's entrance “…when the ratio of the width of the pot entrance to the total length of the fish was less than 0.78.” However, no turning motion was observed when the ratio fell below 0.57. These values appear to be the upper and lower limits for the turning motion of fish in the pot's entrance. The numbers of fish caught estimated from tank experiments agree well with the field research. The fish-catching mechanism of fish pots seems to depend on the behavior of the fish inside the pot's entrance.View full abstractDownload PDF (402K) -
Hisayuki Arakawa, Tsutomu Morinaga1994 Volume 60 Issue 4 Pages 461-466
Published: July 25, 1994
Released on J-STAGE: February 29, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSAs one of the studies towards the rehabilitation of the seaweed-bed deteriorated with turbid water, the relationships between the zoospore adhesion of brown algae such as Ecklonia cava and Undaria pinnatifida and the gradients of the seaweed substrate were investigated.
The rate of adhesion in the filtered sea water was reduced in inverse proportion to the gradients of the substrate almost in a linear fashion. In the turbid water with suspended particles, however, the deviations in rate of adhered zoospores caused by different gradients of the substrate became smaller as the turbidity increased. Furthermore, when the sediments were deposited very slightly on substrate, the rate of zoospore adhesion decreased suddenly, and the adhesion on a substrate having inclination angle became impossible with sediments only as much as 3mg/cm2, When it was considered that the deposited sediments decreased by the inclination of substrate, the larger the gradient was, the larger was the rate of zoospore adhesion. Under sedimentation of 3mg/cm2, the rate of adhesion with a gradient of 90 degrees showed a maximum value. Also, the adhesion of zoospores relates to the flow of water, and exhibited a maximum value with an approximate flow speed of 3cm/s. Under such circumstances, it was confirmed that the larger its gradient was, the larger was the rate of zoospore adhesion.View full abstractDownload PDF (430K) -
Yong-Seok Park, Yasunori Sakurai, Tohru Mukai, Kohji Iida, Noritatsu S ...1994 Volume 60 Issue 4 Pages 467-472
Published: July 25, 1994
Released on J-STAGE: February 29, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSIn the spawing season, sound production of captive walleye pollock Theragra chalcogramma (Pallas) was examined by the grunt call projection method. The pollock emitted four patterns of grunt calls, namely threatening call, aggressive-attacking call, courting call, and mating call. The sound frequency of these grunt calls is less than 800 Hz. The characteristics of walleye pollock behaviour matching each grunt call are as follows:
(1) Only one threatening grunt call was emitted by the superior male to threaten other males encountered.
(2) Aggressive-attacking grunt calls were emitted from two to five times in order to drive out other males from the male's occupied space. Behaviour included chasing, dorsal mounting and lateral mounting.
(3) Courting calls were emitted from six to twelve times in order to court other males and females which are characterized by swimming faster than usual. The behaviour included chasing, dorsal mounting and lateral mounting.
(4) Mating grunt calls were made more than thirteen times in order to mate with mature females. Behaviour included chasing, and dorsal, lateral and ventral mounting.View full abstractDownload PDF (935K) -
Tomoko Sakami, Motohiko Sugiyama1994 Volume 60 Issue 4 Pages 473-477
Published: July 25, 1994
Released on J-STAGE: February 29, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSBacterial population on laminariaceous brown alga Eisenia bicyclis was examined by scanning electron microscopy and on a young, smooth blade sample surface, homogeneous coccoid were seen scattering along algal cell borders. A bacterial population collected from such a young sample did not grow in natural sea water containing 0.05% pepton and 0.005% yeast extract but grew well in a medium supplemented with algal excreted organic matter (EOM) or algal materials. Growth was seldom detected by the MPN method with pepton-yeast extract mediums, although with the medium supplemented by EOM, about 103 bacteria/cm2 of sample surface area was detected. These results indicate that the bacterial population on the young blade's surface requires the algal excreted organic matter for its growth.View full abstractDownload PDF (643K) -
Takahiro Matsubara, Akihiko Hara, Kazunori Takano1994 Volume 60 Issue 4 Pages 479-483
Published: July 25, 1994
Released on J-STAGE: February 29, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe transport of circulating protein constituents into the coelomic cavity as the components of coelomic fluid in female masu salmon Oncorhynchus masou was examined using immunochemical procedures. To clarify the period of coelomic fluid production, the coelomic fluid volume was measured. The results demonstrated that a rapid increment of coelomic fluid occurred one day after ovulation (up to 2.6% of body weight), followed by a gradual increase up to 3.9% until four days after ovulation.
Human serum protein and bovine serum albumin (BSA) were used as immunochemical tracers, injected intravenously into a pre-ovulatory female, and were detected in coelomic fluid from the same individual after ovulation. A higher level of permeated BSA in the coelomic fluid was observed in a female injected before ovulation compared to that after ovulation. Protein constituents of circulation are therefore transported into the coelomic cavity at the time of coelomic fluid production. However, the extremely low level of permeated BSA in the coelomic fluid suggests that protein permeation through the passage via the capillary and coelomic epithelium is restricted.View full abstractDownload PDF (924K) -
Chang-Doo Park, Ko Matuda, Tadashi Tokai1994 Volume 60 Issue 4 Pages 485-491
Published: July 25, 1994
Released on J-STAGE: February 29, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThis paper describes the flow around a cambered otterboard model by the method of flow visualiza-tion using hydrogen bubbles, and discusses the relationship between the characteristics of flow and the stall of the otterboard. Two cambered plates (camber ratio, 10 and 15%; aspect ratio, λ=1.5) were used for the otterboard model. The flow around plates was visualized at the central section and the down tip by generating hydrogen bubbles in a circulating water tank. With increasing angle of attack, the separation point moved from the trailing edge to the leading edge at the central section on the suction side of the plates. Although the separation point reached the leading edge, the stall did not always occur. A spiral wing-tip vortex with an axis caused by the centripetal force was formed at the lower tip of the plates, and disappeared at an angle larger than the stall. This suggests that the stall on the cambered plates with low aspect ratio depends not only on ordinary lift due to circulation but also on vortex lift due to the wing-tip vortex.View full abstractDownload PDF (1291K) -
Fuxiang Hu, Ko Matuda, Kaname Sato1994 Volume 60 Issue 4 Pages 493-497
Published: July 25, 1994
Released on J-STAGE: February 29, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSIn order to investigate the characteristics of dynamic control of a midwater trawl, a field experiment was conducted by FRV “SINYO-Maru” of Tokyo University of Fisheries. The parameters of the midwater trawl being towed were measured with a SCANMAR system and a self-recording underwater load-depth meter. It was shown that the net and otterboards moved deeper or shallower when the towing speed was changed abruptly. However, when the warp length was changed, the handrope tension increased or decreased greatly immediately before returning to its original condition, called an “over-shoot” phenomenon and this was simultaneously observed for the otterboard.View full abstractDownload PDF (349K) -
Tetsuya Umino, Takaaki Takeda, Shigeru Wakamatsu, Heisuke Nakagawa1994 Volume 60 Issue 4 Pages 499-503
Published: July 25, 1994
Released on J-STAGE: February 29, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSIn order to examine the effects of size-selection on growth and body constituents of red sea bream juvenile, two experiments were carried out using Lot 1 (76 days, 36.1±4.6mm) and Lot 2 (65 days, 29.9±5.4mm). In experiment I, the small size group (S-1; 31.8±2.0mm, n=70) were selected from Lot 1. As a control, a medium size group (M-2; 31.7±1.9mm, n=70) were selected from Lot 2. Rearing was conducted for 48 days, mixing the S-1 group with the M-2 group. In experiment II, the large size group (L-2; 37.4±1.6mm, n=70) and medium size group (M-1; 38.1±1.8mm, n=70), selected from Lot 2 and Lot 1, respectively, were also compared.
No differences of size distribution and daily growth rate after 48 days rearing were observed between the S-1 and M-2 groups. The growth and size distribution of the L-2 and M-1 groups also showed no marked difference. The size-selection enhanced not only the RNA/DNA ratio but also lipid and triglyceride accumulation in the small size group. These results indicate the usefulness of the size-selection and suggest that runty fish can grow as well as medium size fish.View full abstractDownload PDF (344K) -
Tomohiro Sekiya, Hisashi Murata, Tadashi Sakai, Kiyoshi Yamauchi, Mako ...1994 Volume 60 Issue 4 Pages 505-508
Published: July 25, 1994
Released on J-STAGE: February 29, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSYellowtail Seriola quinqueradiata were fed for 30 days on single moist pellet diets containing untreated (meal 1), enzyme treatment (meal 2), and enzyme and deliming treatment (meal 3) brown fish meals, and the 2-thiobarbituric acid (TBA) values and α-tocopherol contents in the liver and plasma were analyzed. After an intramuscular injection of phenylhydrazine, changes in plasma TBA values and bilirubin levels were also measured. Judging from TBA values and polyunsaturated fatty acid and α-tocopherol contents, meal 3 was the highest quality, followed by meal 2 and meal 1. The lowest TBA value and the highest α-tocopherol content were observed in the liver and plasma of fish fed on meal 3. After the phenylhidrazine injection, the lowest plasma TBA value and bilirubin content were observed in fish fed on meal 3. These results suggest that the quality of dietary meal may affect the in vivo lipid peroxidation status and antioxidant activities of fish.View full abstractDownload PDF (322K) -
Hidemasa Miki, Jun-ichi Nishimoto, Motomi Nishimoto, Jo Shindo1994 Volume 60 Issue 4 Pages 509-513
Published: July 25, 1994
Released on J-STAGE: February 29, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSKinetic research was carried out to compare the effects of storage temperature and lipid content on the rates of oxidative deterioration of lipid in fish muscles (skipjack, sardine) during storage at low temperatures (from 5 to -20°C). Peroxide value (POV) was preferable to other indexes for estimating lipid oxidation. Changes with time of POV in skipjack fillet and sardine minced muscles were plotted as sigmoid curves, and the oxidation rate of lipid was expressed as the apparent rate constant [h-1] of reaction obtained from the formula of the first-order auto-catalytic reaction. As a result, the effects of temperature, lipid content, and antioxidant on the rate of lipid oxidation were evaluated by the kinetic analysis. It appears reasonable to express the oxidative degree of lipid in the fish muscles using the corresponding amount of POV (POV-C), which was the amount of peroxide (meq/100g fish muscle) accumulated in the lipid content of 100g fish muscle, like a TBA number rather than the POV (meq/100g lipid).View full abstractDownload PDF (295K) -
Ken-ichi Watanabe, Ken-ichi Numachi, Mutuo Goto, Shiro Wada, Takanori ...1994 Volume 60 Issue 4 Pages 515-520
Published: July 25, 1994
Released on J-STAGE: February 29, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSGenetic differentiation between two forms of flatfish, differentially called Honmeita and Bakemeita found in the Kiisuido Channel waters off the Pacific Coast of Central Japan, was investigated by restriction fragment analysis of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA). 36 specimens of Honmeita and 32 specimens of Bakemeita were analyzed. We demonstrated 17 restriction fragment types using five 6-base recognized restriction endonucleases (BamHI, BglII, HindIII, PstI, XhoI). Five haplotypes in Honmeita and 3 types in Bakemeita were recognized, and there were no common types between the two forms. Nucleotide divergences among haplotypes of flatfishes were estimated to be 0.0074-0.0159, 0.0055-0.0115, 0.0684-0.0948, in the Honmeita form, in the Bakemeita form and between the two forms respectively. Interformal mtDNA nucleotide divergence was estimated to be 0.081. This value suggests that these two forms differentiate so highly from each other at the interspecific level. Intraformal mtDNA nucleotide divergence was estimated to be 0.0016 and 0.0012 in the Honmeita and Bakemeita forms respectively.View full abstractDownload PDF (540K) -
Sadao Shimeno, Takayoshi Mima, Hiroki Kinoshita, Sohtaroh Kishi1994 Volume 60 Issue 4 Pages 521-525
Published: July 25, 1994
Released on J-STAGE: February 29, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe malt protein flour (MPF) used is a newly developed protein source from brewer's spent grain. MPF has lower protein and higher carbohydrate contents, as well as higher phenylalanine and lower lysine contents than fish meal. Its nutritive value and biological availability were evaluated by chemical analysis and feeding trials. Fingerling yellowtail Seriola quinqueradiata were fed with fish meal-based moist pellet diets containing 0-40% MPF in 0.8 ton aquaria 30 days. Dietary inclusion of MPF tended to depress the growth rate and feed efficiency as its level increased. The inclusion of more than 30% MPF significantly lowered these values and the body fat content and hematological characteristics, probably due to its poor digestibility and amino acid profile. However, dietary inclusion of less than 20% MPF resulted in a comparable growth performance and hematological characteristics to the MPF-free control diet. These results indicate that MPF is useful as an alternative protein source, and can substitute for fish meal up to 20% in the diet for fingerling yellowtail without any adverse effects.View full abstractDownload PDF (408K) -
Tsukasa Ehara, Toru Tamiya, Takahide Tsuchiya1994 Volume 60 Issue 4 Pages 527-528
Published: July 25, 1994
Released on J-STAGE: February 29, 2008
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Shigeo Hayase, Mamoru Murata, Yoshimi Hatakeyama1994 Volume 60 Issue 4 Pages 529
Published: July 25, 1994
Released on J-STAGE: February 29, 2008
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Yoshikazu Nakamura1994 Volume 60 Issue 4 Pages 531-532
Published: July 25, 1994
Released on J-STAGE: February 29, 2008
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Hiroyuki Tanaka1994 Volume 60 Issue 4 Pages 533-534
Published: July 25, 1994
Released on J-STAGE: February 29, 2008
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Tomonari Akamatsu1994 Volume 60 Issue 4 Pages 535-536
Published: July 25, 1994
Released on J-STAGE: February 29, 2008
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Shigeo Hayase1994 Volume 60 Issue 4 Pages 537-538
Published: July 25, 1994
Released on J-STAGE: February 29, 2008
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Akihiko Yatsu1994 Volume 60 Issue 4 Pages 539
Published: July 25, 1994
Released on J-STAGE: February 29, 2008
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Kiyoyoshi Nishita, Shigeru Kimura, Shugo Watabe1994 Volume 60 Issue 4 Pages 541
Published: July 25, 1994
Released on J-STAGE: February 29, 2008
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Takao Ojima1994 Volume 60 Issue 4 Pages 543-544
Published: July 25, 1994
Released on J-STAGE: February 29, 2008
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Haruhiko Toyohara1994 Volume 60 Issue 4 Pages 545-546
Published: July 25, 1994
Released on J-STAGE: February 29, 2008
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Misako Nakaya1994 Volume 60 Issue 4 Pages 547-548
Published: July 25, 1994
Released on J-STAGE: February 29, 2008
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Masahiro Ogawa1994 Volume 60 Issue 4 Pages 549-550
Published: July 25, 1994
Released on J-STAGE: February 29, 2008
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Kunihiko Konno1994 Volume 60 Issue 4 Pages 551-552
Published: July 25, 1994
Released on J-STAGE: February 29, 2008
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1994 Volume 60 Issue 4 Pages 567
Published: 1994
Released on J-STAGE: April 21, 2008
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