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Volume 41, Issue 6
Displaying 1-11 of 11 articles from this issue
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SUSUMU OHMORI1985 Volume 41 Issue 6 Pages P167-P172
Published: June 10, 1985
Released on J-STAGE: November 28, 2008
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YASUAKI ABE1985 Volume 41 Issue 6 Pages P173-P179
Published: June 10, 1985
Released on J-STAGE: November 28, 2008
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AKIO MIZOBE1985 Volume 41 Issue 6 Pages P180-P185
Published: June 10, 1985
Released on J-STAGE: November 28, 2008
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TADASHI HIRAKAWA, YORIHIKO OMOTO1985 Volume 41 Issue 6 Pages P186-P192
Published: June 10, 1985
Released on J-STAGE: November 28, 2008
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Minoru Miwa, Tadashi Ohsawa, Yukishige Adachi1985 Volume 41 Issue 6 Pages T223-T230
Published: June 10, 1985
Released on J-STAGE: November 28, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSIn the short carbon fiber-thermosetting resin composites, the interfacial yield shear strength or critical fiber length is one of the dominating factors for the effect of reinforcement. In this paper, strain rate and temperature dependences of these factors were studied for carbon fiber-epoxy resin composites.
The interfacial yield shear strength decreases with the increase in temperature. This trend of decrease can be explained mainly by the decrease of shear strength of matrix with increase in temperature in case of treated carbon fiber, and by the relaxation of thermal stress and secondary bond at the fiber-matrix interface with increase in temperature in case of untreated carbon fiber. Also, the interfacial yield shear strength increases in proportion to the logarithm of strain rate and the slope is the same in all experimental temperature. The strain rate-temperature reduction holds for the interfacial yield shear strength and the mean critical fiber length.View full abstractDownload PDF (1238K) -
Masuhiro Tsukada, Masanobu Nagura, Hiroshi Ishikawa1985 Volume 41 Issue 6 Pages T231-T234
Published: June 10, 1985
Released on J-STAGE: November 28, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSInvestigations have been made on the molecular conformation in the solid state of Bombyx mori silk fibroin and the model polypeptides by an infrared spectroscopy (IR).
An IR absorbed band assigned to silk I type conformation was only found for the precipitates not having any random coil obtained by an enzyme treatment to the middle silk gland diluted with water and by dissolving silk fibers in an aqueous LiBr solution. On the other hand, the IR absorbed band assigned to α-helical conformation was found together with those of random coil and the silk II type conformation for as-polymerized model polypeptides and silk fibroin threads hydrolyzed by aqueous HCI solution.
It is, therefore, concluded that a small amount of α-helix exists in the amorphous part of Bombyx mori silk fibroin.View full abstractDownload PDF (971K) -
Toshihiko Sato, Shigenori Motomura, Yasuo Ohno1985 Volume 41 Issue 6 Pages T235-T240
Published: June 10, 1985
Released on J-STAGE: November 28, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSA reactive cellulose intermediate having free isocyanate groups (isocyanate cellulose) was prepared by the treatment of cellulose with 2, 4-tolylene diisocyanate (2, 4-TDI). The reactions of the isocyanate cellulose with amino acids in organic solvents gave cellulose derivatives containing amino acid residues. The amounts of amino acids bound to the isocyanate cellulose through the urea linkage were 0.360_??_0.747mmol/g.
The adsorption and desorption of metal ions by systems based on the cellulose derivatives were investigated. The cellulose derivatives could adsorb various kinds of metal ions from aqueous solution with relatively high adsorption values for copper (II) and iron (III) than zinc (II), cadmium (II), chromium (III) and mercury (II) ions. The cellulose derivative containing cysteine was especially effective for the adsorption of mercury (II) ion with the distribution coefficient, [Kd]=1.63×103.
The desorption of copper (II), zinc (II) and cadmium (II) ions from the derivatives were effected completely with 2N HCl and that of iron (III), with 4N HCl. These derivatives could readsorb metal ions.View full abstractDownload PDF (402K) -
Taisuke Ito, Jiro Seta, Hirotaka Shima, Junji Taguchi1985 Volume 41 Issue 6 Pages T241-T247
Published: June 10, 1985
Released on J-STAGE: November 28, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSPressure effect on the sorption equilibria of p-aminoazobenzene (pAAB) from the solutions to secondary cellulose acetate (CDA) has been investigated under pressures up to 2500 bar and at a temperature of 80°C. The solvents used were water, benzene, n-propanol, n-pentanol and n-heptanol. Under the pressures all the sorption isotherms were found to be linear and the pressure dependence of the partition coefficient, K, was analyzed in terms of ΔV, the difference in the partial molar volumes of pAAB between the polymer and the solution phases, as obtained by where R, T and P are the gas constant, absolute temperature and pressure, respectively.
ΔV was found to be independent of pressure. It was -4.8cm3/mol for the aqueous solution system, while, for the organic solvent systems, pressure had much less effect on the sorption and ΔV's were found to be much smaller in the absolute values, 0_??_-1.3cm3/mol. The negative value of ΔV found for the aqueous solution system was ascribed to the volume contraction induced by the intermolecular attractions between pAAB and CDA, which should be stronger than those between pAAB and H2O as suggested from the large value of the partition coefficient. In contrast, for the organic solution systems, it is considered that pAAB molecule is strongly solvated by the solvents and such solvation is much likely preserved in the polymer phase swollen with the solvent, leading to a chemically similar situation around the pAAB molecule both in the solution and in the polymer phases. It was pointed out that the above explanations were in accord with our previous studies on the activation volume for the diffusion conducted with respect to the same systems.
Finally, ΔV's obtained in our studies were compared with the heat of sorption data reported on similar systems. ΔV's and ΔH°'s took negative values and a positive correlation between ΔV and ΔH° was found, which is understandable because both negative ΔV and ΔH° are induced by approaching closer with each other between nonbonded atoms in the sorption system.View full abstractDownload PDF (489K) -
Akiko Yamada1985 Volume 41 Issue 6 Pages T248-T254
Published: June 10, 1985
Released on J-STAGE: November 28, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSIn order to understand the drying process of fabrics, drying experiment in household manner was conducted at five atomospheric conditions. (10 and 20°C at 65% RH, and 30°C at 40, 65 and 90% RH)
Other experiments on 18 samples of different fabrics were conducted in a condition of 30°C at 40% RH.
The following conclusions were obtained.
1. Evaporation rate of water (K1 [g/cm2•min]) in the constant rate period is mainly determined by the difference between the temperatures of air and wet bulb (ta and tw), although it changes somewhat by the difference between fabrics.
In the constant rate period, the water in the fabric comes to the surface so rapidly by capillary migration, that the fabric surface is almost saturated with water vapor, and evaporation of water continues in each constant rate of each fabrics.
Hygroscopic, roughly wovened, napped fabric has a wide surface for evaporation, and water evaporates rapidly from these fabrics than from other hydrohobic smooth surfaced fabrics in the constant rate period.
2. The end of the constant rate period where the critical moisture content (C. M. C.) is defined, appeared to be the final point where the fabric surface is still saturated with water vapor.
Higher rate of water transfer from the fabric to the air in the constant rate period, and slower capillary migration in the fabric are main factors for higher C. M. C.
3. The drying rate constant (K2 [1/min]) in the falling rate period is greater for hydrohobic fabrics, and for thinner fabrics. Also, for hygroscopic fabrics with smaller volume fraction of fiber, the rate constant K2 is greater.View full abstractDownload PDF (425K) -
Satoshi Mashimo, Masayoshi Nakajima, Yoshio Yamaguchi, Michio Ashida1985 Volume 41 Issue 6 Pages T255-T259
Published: June 10, 1985
Released on J-STAGE: November 28, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe change in stress and surface temperature of short fiber-rubber composites under a repeated constant displacement were measured. The fatigue test was carried out in the direction of fiber orientation of composite with 5% of static strain and ±2.5% of sinusoidal strain under 5 and 25Hz. By giving intermission repose at the mid of the fatigue test, the effect of duration of intermission and fatigue cycles until intermission on change in the stress and surface temperature was investigated.
Under the condition of high sinusoidal strain rate, the interfacial region between fibers and rubber matrix giving rapid displacement is destroyed and the internal heat generation is large. Consequently, the stress decreases radically and the surface temperature rises till the slip of the short fibers takes place by the destruction of the interfacial region. It seems that the stress decay of composite was caused by the destruction of interfacial region and the internal heat generation from the results of measuring stress and surface temperature before and after duration of intermission under discontinuous fatigue test. The composite shows the recovery of the strain including the interfacial region between fibers and rubber matrix when the duration of intermission is applied before the slippage of the short fibers.View full abstractDownload PDF (1112K) -
Akio Kurose, Yoshiki Chujo, Etsuko Masuda, Hirofusa Shirai, Nobumasa H ...1985 Volume 41 Issue 6 Pages T260-T262
Published: June 10, 1985
Released on J-STAGE: November 28, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe preparation of Cu (II)-poly (vinyl alcohol) (abbreviated as PVA) complex was carried out changing the molar ratio of Tcu2+/THL (Cu (II) ion to monomer unit of PVA) in aqueous solutions at 25°C. The resulting solutions were allowed to stand for 24hr. at 25°C, and then dialysed to remove excess reagents. The complexes films were obtained from these solutions by casting on to polyethylene films. We studied thermal decomposition of the complex films of Cu (II) ion with PVA by pyrolysis gas chromatography. The metal chelate moiety in Cu (II)-PVA films apparently catalyzes oxidation during pyrolysis of PVA and the formation of CO and CO2 may be increased.View full abstractDownload PDF (162K)
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