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Volume 41, Issue 7
Displaying 1-10 of 10 articles from this issue
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SHIGERU KUNUGI1985 Volume 41 Issue 7 Pages P205-P214
Published: July 10, 1985
Released on J-STAGE: November 28, 2008
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MASARU MITSUISHI1985 Volume 41 Issue 7 Pages P215-P226
Published: July 10, 1985
Released on J-STAGE: November 28, 2008
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KATSUMI YASUZUKA1985 Volume 41 Issue 7 Pages P227-P238
Published: July 10, 1985
Released on J-STAGE: November 28, 2008
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Masuhiro Tsukada1985 Volume 41 Issue 7 Pages T265-T270
Published: July 10, 1985
Released on J-STAGE: November 28, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSIn order to elucidate the molecular conformation and the morphology of silk fibroin obtained by casting from an aqueous silk fibroin solution, infrared spectroscopic and scanning electron microscopic observations were done. The lower the casting speed, the more the silk fibroin molecules gave a beta-rich conformation even if the casting temperature is high. The higher the casting speed, the more the silk fibroin molecules gave a random coil-rich form, indicating that the molecular conformation chiefly depends on the casting temperature and also on the casting speed. The optimum temperature for obtaining the spherulites from the silk fibroin solution (0.4%) was found to be about 25°C.View full abstractDownload PDF (2451K) -
ANALYSIS OF AMORPHOUS POLYMERToshitaka Kanai, Masao Takashige, Teruyuki Iwai, Jiro Shimizu1985 Volume 41 Issue 7 Pages T271-T281
Published: July 10, 1985
Released on J-STAGE: November 28, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe theoretical analysis of the tubular film extrusion of amorphous polymer polystyrene (PS) by using a computer simulation presented several interesting results, such as bubble shape, velocity profile, temperature profile, deformation rate and stretching stress. The influence of the process conditions on the film physical properties and the study on the scale-up were discussed. Bubble pressures and bubble tensions predicted theoretically during the tubular film process generally agreed with those observed experimentally. Further, film shrinkage stresses measured experimentally were proportional to the maximum stretching stresses obtained theoretically. The stretching stress and film shrinkage stress decreased with increasing process temperature and decreasing the blow up ratio. It was found that the change of die diameter influenced the stretching stress at a constant out-put rate.
As a result of the experimental comparison of the crystalline polymer with the amorphous polymer as to bubble velocity, deformation rate, bubble shape and bubble temperature, there was big difference between the crystalline polymer and the amorphous one. It was found that the dependence of the temperature on the melt viscosity, crystallinity and crystallization rate profoundly influenced the dynamics of the tubular film extrusion.View full abstractDownload PDF (700K) -
Minoru Miwa, Tadashi Ohsawa, Masao Sato1985 Volume 41 Issue 7 Pages T282-T289
Published: July 10, 1985
Released on J-STAGE: November 28, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDependences on strain rate and temperature for the tensile strength of epoxy resin and unsaturated polyester resin reinforced with random-planar orientation of short glass fibers were studied.
In both composites, the tensile strength increased with increasing strain rate and was independent on the nature of interfacial treatment. This increment in tensile strength became slightly large with temperature. The strain rate-temperature reduction held for all composite samples made of epoxy and unsaturated polyester resins along with glass fibers treated with coupling and release agents. The strain rate and the temperature dependences of tensile strength could be estimated based on those dependences of the mechanical properties of matrix resins, the interfacial yield shear strength, and the critical fiber length. The strain rate and the temperature dependences of the tensile strength of the composites resembled the behavior of the interfacial yield shear strength rather than that of the tensile strength of matrix resins.View full abstractDownload PDF (488K) -
Koichiro Yonetake, Toru Masuko, Koichi Aoto, Masaki Majima1985 Volume 41 Issue 7 Pages T290-T299
Published: July 10, 1985
Released on J-STAGE: November 28, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSPolyethylene (PE) single crystals prepared from 0.01 wt% solution of PE in xylene were sedimented to form mats. These mats were annealed at various temperatures ranging from 70_??_120°C, and then were dyed at 80°C with C. I. Disperse Yellow 7 (Y-7) or p-aminoazobenzene. The equilibrium sorption (Mo), density, long period, and crystallinity (Cv) obtained for these single crystal mats increased with an increase in annealing temperature (Ta). These values increased rapidly over Ta=110°C (Cv=0.858). The change in Mo was analyzed in terms of the mosaic-block dyeing model by use of above fine structural data. It was suggested that Mo was governed by the sorption in the amorphous side region (Ms) located between crystalline cores parallel to the molecular chain axis, and the sorption in the end amorphous region (Me) located between lamellar surfaces was very small. From the view point of paracrystal model proposed by Hosemann, the amorphous side region corresponds to a grain boundary of microparacrystals. Hence, this region is rich in tie chains having trans type conformation. The difference between Ms and Me is attributable to the fraction of tie molecules on which a long rod-like molecule, Y-7, is easily absorbed; few tie molecules exist in the end region of a single crystal mat. The conformation of tie chains in side region probably becomes more extended by the thickening of lamellae during annealing. This leads to the increase in Mo with increasing Cv.View full abstractDownload PDF (2664K) -
Toshihiro Hirotsu, Yu Hamanaka, Kensaku Mizoguchi, Yoshio Suda1985 Volume 41 Issue 7 Pages T300-T302
Published: July 10, 1985
Released on J-STAGE: November 28, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSEffect of plasma exposure on the weight loss rate of the standard fabrics of polyester, acrylic, nylon and silk was investigated by using nitrogen and oxygen plasmas. When the weight loss rate is plotted against the flow pressure of the plasma gas, a maximum is observed depending on the plasma reactivity and intensity. The discharge power condition for the maximum corresponds to 1.14×10-2kWhr/g for O2 plasma treatment and 3.56×10-2kWhr/g for N2 plasma treatment, in term of a power parameter of W/FM. The results suggest that O2 plasma keeps the etching activity at a discharge power level much lower than that for N2 plasma.View full abstractDownload PDF (191K) -
Hisao Ichijo, Tetsuro Suehiro, Junichi Nagasawa, Aizo Yamauchi, Michia ...1985 Volume 41 Issue 7 Pages T303-T307
Published: July 10, 1985
Released on J-STAGE: November 28, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSβ-Galactosidase from jack bean was immobilized on poly (vinyl alcohol) super fine fibers (SFF) carrying various ionic groups and cation exchangers. Sulfonated SFF (S-SFF) was found to adsorb the enzyme electrostatically much more than aminated SFF and several cation exchangers. S-SFF-β-galactosidase complex (SGC) treated with glutaraldehyde retained the activity for a longer period than that without the treatment. From these results, it is concluded that S-SFF is the excellent support for immobilizing β-galactosidase from jack bean compared with other carriers.View full abstractDownload PDF (300K) -
Minoru Kimura, Shinya Matsui, Kohjiro Nakata1985 Volume 41 Issue 7 Pages T308-T312
Published: July 10, 1985
Released on J-STAGE: November 28, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSPhysical and mechanical properties of paper are influenced by the state of aggregation of the composed fibers. In this study, a method for detecting a local density variation in a sheet has been proposed. In order to calculate sheet density at a particular spot in a paper, the thickness and basis weight of the spot must be obtained simultaneously. The newly developed device equipped a linear variable differential transducer first scans along a line in a sheet for detecting a thickness variation profile; variation in basis weight on the line as a function of transmitted light intensity through the negatively developed x-ray films from a light beam is then obtained. By computer division of basis weight by thickness, local density variation is calculated. This method is applicable to the characterization of paper since a local density variation profile reflects its paper-making process.View full abstractDownload PDF (287K)
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