Sen'i Gakkaishi
Online ISSN : 1884-2259
Print ISSN : 0037-9875
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Volume 66, Issue 1
Displaying 1-24 of 24 articles from this issue
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  • Swelling Behaviors and Crimping of Lyocell Fibers
    Katsuji Kasahara, Hiroaki Sasaki, Nobuo Donkai, Toru Takagishi, Kunihi ...
    2010 Volume 66 Issue 1 Pages 1-6
    Published: January 10, 2010
    Released on J-STAGE: February 24, 2010
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2115/fiber.66.1
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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    Swollen behaviors of Lyocell fibers in aqueous ferric sodium tartrate complex (FeTNa) solution and aqueous sodium hydroxide solution were investigated. The diameters of the fibers were about 4 times greater than those of the original fibers and the length shrinkages were 25% in the FeTNa solution. The observations of the swollen fibers in each solution showed that the optical anisotropy was maintained at equilibrium. For the procedure of the crimping, the yarns were treated with the solutions, neutralized with an acid, and then rinsed with water. When the twist yarns were dipped in each solution, the fibers swelled keeping the concaved shape. The swollen fibers shrank remaining unchanged structure at the neutralization. The crimped fibers were attributable to the twist of yarn.
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  • Oxidative Reaction of Oxidative Dye Intermediates adsorbed into Wool Fabrics
    Yumi Yoshikatsu, Keiko Sakata, Kyohei Joko
    2010 Volume 66 Issue 1 Pages 15-19
    Published: January 10, 2010
    Released on J-STAGE: February 24, 2010
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2115/fiber.66.15
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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    The reactivity of oxidative dye intermediates penetrated into wool fibers was investigated. The wool fabrics which were treated in p-phenylenediamine, p-phenylenediamine/p-amino-o-cresol, and p-phenilendiamine/resolcinol aqueous solution at 30°C for 10 minutes were oxidized by hydrogen peroxide. The adsorbed intermediates were found to be able to react inside the fiber by the oxidative effects. However, these fabrics were unevenly colored, and the concentration of oxidative dyes developed by reacting among the oxidative dye intermediates inside wool fibers were much lower than that of them in the fibers dyed with the same precuser/coupler/H2O2 dyeing system under the similar conditions. In particular, the K/S-λ curve of the wool fabric that were dyed by pPDA/RC solution including EDTA and ascorbic acid followed by the treatment with hydrogen peroxide was definitely different from that of the wool fabric dyed with pPDA/RC/H2O2 dyeing system. Consequently, it was suggested that the reaction among the oxidative dye intermediates inside the wool fiber is side reaction for the mechanism of oxidative dyeing under the precuser/coupler/H2O2 dyeing condition for keratin fiber.
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  • Influence of Hardness of Seat Pad on Sitting Comfort of Automotive Seat
    Toyonori Nishimatsu, Hiroyuki Kanai, Takahiko Nishioka, Hirokazu Kimur ...
    2010 Volume 66 Issue 1 Pages 20-25
    Published: January 10, 2010
    Released on J-STAGE: February 24, 2010
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2115/fiber.66.20
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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    In this study, a sitting comfort of five automotive seats, whose hardness of these cushion pads was changed, and shape and structure of seats were the same, was evaluated by only tactile sensation while sitting on these seats. The adjectives used for the sensory evaluation of seat comfort by the human tactile sensation were examined by the factor analysis. As the analysis result, the sitting comfort of driver's seats was evaluated by two adjectives "sporty-high-class" and "voluminous-casual". From the correlations between physical properties of cushion pad and sensory evaluations for seats, it is found that the image adjectives have correlations with the cushion properties of pad.
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  • Time Relation among Clothing Pressure Developed at Waistband, Respiratory Movement, and Girth of Abdomen -Using by Hydrostatic Pressure-balanced Method-
    Tamaki Mitsuno, Kazuo Ueda
    2010 Volume 66 Issue 1 Pages 26-33
    Published: January 10, 2010
    Released on J-STAGE: February 24, 2010
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2115/fiber.66.26
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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    Time relation among clothing pressure developed at waistband, respiratory movement, and girth of abdomen were investigated. The time constants of 3 sensors to monitor these waves in this measuring system were examined, and were 0.016s, 268.9ms, and 57.0ms corresponded to that order. Therefore, this measuring system for the clothing pressure could sufficiently follow the changes of waistband-pressure which might be caused by either respiratory movements or changes in posture, and the most suitable method to measure the clothing pressure. Subjects were 10 women aged from 20 to 22 years old, and 3 waves measured under 3 conditions: non waistband, wearing waistband with a perfect fitting length and a tight fitting length in free respiration. These waves analyzed by Fourier transform to examine these constitutional frequencies which were 3.85±0.99s, 3.85±0.92s, 3.72±0.85s and nearly equal. By the way, the time lags of peak in girth of abdomen and in respiratory movement were calculated from their cross spectra, the time became significantly late. So, the timing of air flowed into the body became significantly late, because of worn waistband. We distinguish whether the body region influenced by respiratory movement, and have to investigate a permissible limit of the pressure including a change of a respiratory function in the future.
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  • The Influence of Vision and Tactile Sensation on Evaluation for "Shittori" Characteristic of Fabrics
    Yukari Tanaka, Sachiko Sukigara
    2010 Volume 66 Issue 1 Pages 7-14
    Published: January 10, 2010
    Released on J-STAGE: February 24, 2010
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2115/fiber.66.7
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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    The influence of color on the "shittori" sensation, a Japanese term defined as the sensation perceived with smooth, warm, and soft for a fabric, were investigated. Two fabric structures such as an artificial leather and a velvet were chosen and six colors were prepared for each structure. The "shittori" feeling for fabrics was evaluated by manipulating fabrics according to the Scheffe's method of paired comparison (modifies method by Nakaya). The color cards were also used to obtain the profile of individual color images and their lightness, hue, and chroma were measured. The "shittori" evaluation of fabrics was influenced by the color. The "shittori" feeling for fabrics were more evoked by tactile sensation than by the color stimuli.
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