In the canine anaphylactic shock the rise in portal pressure and the acceleration of lymph flow from the thoracic duct, which are results of constriction of the hepatic venous tree, were inhibited only slightly by Benadryl, while the fall in arterial blood pressure could be prevented rather markedly. The former two reactions were not due to 5-hydroxytryptamine, adenine nucleotides, nor due to acetylcholine. In a same Tyrode bath ileum strips of both sensitized and non-sensitized guinea pigs were suspended together and the addition of antigen into the bath elicited strong contraction of both strips. The contraction of either one of the ileum could not be prevented by atropine but that of non-sensitized ileum was abolished after Neoantergan. The contraction of non-sensitized ileum was relaxed immediately after the exchange of bath with antigen free Tyrode solution but in the case of the sensitized it still remained even after several treatments in this manner. This indicats that the anaphylactic contraction of plain muscle is not caused solely by known chemical mediators, because the action of all these mediators can be annuled by wahing. Since the histamine release by antigen is inhibited by oxygen lack, respiratory enzome inhibitors, calcium lack and raised temperature, and is accelerated by succinate, energy metabolic process is involved in its mechanism. A number of compounds including salicylate, methylhesperidine, guaiazulene, and lumisantonins inhibited some anaphylactic tissue reactions such as histamine release, Schulz-Dale reaction, and passive cutaneous reaction, but they did not practically interfere with the increase of oxygen consumption caused by antigen in the sensitized tissue. These compounds also inhibited all the histamine release caused by diverse kinds of chemical releasers with different mechanisms of action. Therefore, the actions of these inhibitors seem to be concerned with the response of cells to the anaphylactic stimulation without impeding enzyme activation. These findings suggest that anaphylactic tissue reactions are composed of the injuries of cells caused by certain enzymes that are activated as the result of antigen-antibody union (primary tissue reaction) and reactions due to the mediators released or formed by the cell injuries (secondary tissue reaction). The role played by the mediators is, consequently, limited within a certain range of the anaphylactic tissue reactions. The author's hypothesis concerning the processes of anaphylactic reaction encompassing this concept has been presented schematically.

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