The measurement of ASLO has become a useful means in the diagnosis and etiological consideration of the various diseases. It is known that many other exotoxins besides ASLO are produced by the hemolytic streptococcus, although investigations of these substances are not sufficient. Studies on the role of these toxic substances in allergic conditions as a consequence of hemolytic streptococcal infections are very few. In view of these facts the author investigated the specific antibodies against DPNase, one of the important exotoxins, in patients with various diseases, and performed the experiments of sensitization with exotoxins of hemolytic streptococcus. The summary of the results is as follows. 1) DPNase is heat labile; its opotimum temperature is 37℃ and the pH is 7.4, although cholesterol exhibits an inhibitory action on streptolysin activity, it does not inhibit DPNase activiy. 2) It is possible to isolate DPNase from SLO with DEAE cellulose column chromatography. 3) The ASDA value (anti DPNase) is high in rheumatic fever and acute nephritis; the average value is respectively and 460 units, which is definitely higher than the values in other diseases. The ASDA value showed a low titer of 12 units, on the average, in rheumatic arthritis. 4) The measurement of the ASDA together with the ASLO is a valuable method in the detection of previous infections with hemolytic streptooccus. Shince only one of the two tests may show a higher value, the diagnostic efficacy of the method is enhanced by employing both determinations at the some time. The ASDA test is particularly advantageous in clinical practice, because it does not show a false positive reaction in hypercholsterolemia.

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Sensitization experiments with hemolytic streptococcal cultures includingDPNase and other exotoxins principal pathological findings were as follows. Aside from a swelling and adhesions of the glomerulus no marked changes were noted in the kidnye. In the liver, dilatation and hyperplasia of the cholangioli, congestion of bile, cellular infiltration of Glisson's sheath and proliferation of fibrous tissue were observed. In the heart, a small histiocytic grouping a little resembling Aschoff's bodies was seen. In the lungs, histological findings resemblings Masson's body were observed. With the sensitization of the animals, both ASLO and ASDA showed increases, but a difference in the increase rate was seen between the two antibodies. By DEAE cellulose column chromatography it was found that both ASLO and ASDA were found in the 7S γ-globulin fraction.

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The determinations of 5HIAA in urine of rabbit were carrild out by fluorometric assay comparing with colorimetric assay. Flurometric procedure; 2 ml of urine is diluted with water to a volume of 4 ml, and to precipitate proterins 1 ml of 10% zinc sulfate is added followed by 0.5 ml of 1N NaOH. Following centrifugation of supernatant is transferred to glass-stoppered tube containg 0.3 ml of 6 NHCl, 20 ml of ether, and sufficient NaCl to insure salt saturation of the aqueous phase. The tube is shaken for 15 min. After separation of the phlase 15 ml of ether is transferred to another tube containing 3 ml of 0.5M phoshate buffer pH 7.0. After shaking, the buffer assayed with excitation at 295 mμ and fluorescence at 340 mμ by spectrophotoflurometer (Shimazu, QV-50, GF-16E) The buffer needs care to pH, 5HIAA has its own optimal conditions of pH for maximal fluorescence. The fluorometric procedure is sufficiently sensitive to measure the 5HIAA in several ml of urine, and is more discriminative and specific than colorimetric method.

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This experiment was performed for the purpose of clarifying the genesis of expermental allergic encephalomyelitis (EAE) in relation to human encephalomyelitis. In this present report cerebral anaphylactic shock was induced by single injection of the anti-rabbit brain rat and guinea pig serum into carotid artery of rabbits and these histological changes in brain caused by reversed anaphylaxis were investigated. The major patho-histological changes were found as follows, 1) The degeneration, atrophy, necrosis of nervous tissue, neuronophagia and focal and/or diffuse glial proliferation, 2) The perivascular infiltration of small round cells, congestion, thrombosis and several degree of edema, 3) Proliferation of ependymal cells, demyelination besides these changes and lucid plaque which is synonym of the patch of necrosis, and found in the brain tissue. In general, these demylination were circumscribed and located in perivascular area; in some instance, no definite relationship to blood vessels was apparent, in any others there were several foci with tendency to coalesce together. 4) In the regions of severer reaction, there was focal necrosis and hemorrhagic necrosis. On the contrary no significant changes were found in the control rabbits by injectin the normal rat and guinea pig serum by similar method. These patho-histological changes were found similar to those in the experiment using erythrocytic antigen and in this present experiment the parenchymal tissue damage in brain was much more prominent. These observation indicate that the pathogenesis of encephalitis and demyelinating disease may be of "allergic mechanism".

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0.0125 mg/0.05 ml or 0.00625 mg/0.025 ml of Compound 48/80 was intracutaneously injected into normal skins of 3 patients with chronic urticaria. 30 minutes later, the skins were biopsied and subjected to histological examination with silver impregnation following Bielschowski-Suzuki's method. The following findings were obtained: (1) In the papilla of the dermis and middermis, mixed nerves and endformations of vegetative nerves showed hypoargyrophilic and vacuolated degeneration with opaque swellling. These findings were observed also in other parts of the dermis, especially, so-called "neuro-swelling-parts" of subpapillary layer clearly. (2) The sensory nerves showed poorly argyrophilic, vacuolated and opaque degenerations and swelling of the neuroplasmas. (3) Degranulation of mast cells was more remarkably than in the case produced by intracutaneous injection of bradykinin. The granules were seen mostly in the vicinity of the nerves and blood vessels. (4) In the vegetative endformations of the neighbourhood of Schwann's nuclei on the blood vessel-walls, argyrophilic granules were increased and grouped. (5) These findings of the vegetative endformations suggest that centrifugal impulses go to ill-direction and have influences upon non-objected tissues or cells. (6) That findings of sensory nerves were observed as common findings in pruritic dermatoses and suggested that chemical stimulants from the surrounding tissue fluid or physical, osmotic pressure changes may greaty influence on the "naked" neurofibrils in these areas.

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