T- and B-lymphocytes in the cryosection of the tissues were identified either by rosette formation with overlayered sheep erythrocytes(E)or with erythrocytes sensitized by antibody and complement(EAC). Invariable and stable reaction was obtained in EAC rosettes of tissue lymphocytes, while E binding was rather unstable. It was confirmed that EAC rosette forming lymphocytes(B-lymphocytes)locate mostly in the lymph follicles and E rosette forming lymphocytes(T-lymphocytes)are present Predodominantly in the paracortical area. Most of the infiltrating mononuclear cells in Hashimoto's thyroid gland were identified as B-lymphocytes and the lymphocytes around the epitherial cells of thyroid follicles were judged as mainly T-lymphocytes.

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Recently, the grass-planting has been conducted to prevent erosion in the places where construction works have been finished; and for this purpose, Kentucky 31 Fescue is now widely planted all over the country. This plant produces a large number of pollens. There is, therefore, a strong possibility that it will act as an allergen of pollinosis. A representative case of asthma caused by the pollen of Kentucky 31 Fescue was reported. On intracutaneous testing, 42 of 161 asthmatic children(26%)showed a positive response with Kentucky 31 Fescue pollen extract. In PK testing, 6 out of 8 cases showed a positive reaction. In the intracutaneous test in which several kinds of graminae pollens were used, 6 out of 14(43%)asthma cases proved positive exclusively to Kentucky 31 Fescue pollen, while the remaining 8 cases showed positive not only to Kentucky 31 Fescue pollen, but also to other graminae pollens in various conbinations. As a provocative test, a reduction of P.E.F.R. of 15 per cent or more and/or asthmatic symptoms including wheezing were considered positive. As a result, all 3 patients tested reacted positively to Kentucky 31 Fescue pollen extract administered by inhalation. From these results, it was assumed that the pollen of Kentucky 31 Fescue can act as the specific allergen in bronchial asthma, although it has common antigenicity to other graminae pollens as well.

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Sheep red blood cell-rosette forming cells(SRBC-RFC)as T cells and surface immunoglobulin bearing cells(SIBC)and complement receptor cells(CRC)as B cells in the peripheral blood were estimated in SLE and PSS. The percentage of SRBC-RFC(T cells)was reduced whils that of SIBC(B cells)was increased in SLE as compared with healthy individuals. The absolute numbers of SRBC-RFC were decreased in SLE, but those of SIBC were not different significantly from controls. There was not definite correlation between the percentage of surface IgG bearing cells and serum IgG levels, while definitively positive relationship was observed with IgA and IgM in SLE. CRC corresponded to 57% of SIBC in SLE(70% in controls).

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The change of ciliary movement of the respiratory epithelium due to the effect of prostaglandin(PG)E_1, F_<2α>, histamine, acetylcholine and the "Maiko" allergen was investigated and compared among nonsensitized and sensitized guinea pigs with this allergen. The frequency of ciliary beats was estimated by cinematographic recording method using by the phase difference microscope. The following results were obtained. 1) The ciliary movement in the solutions of 10^<-8> to 10^<-5> g/ml PG E_1 decreased for 20 minutes, increased for 30 minutes and then decreased again. 2) The ciliary activity in the solutions of 10^<-7> and 10^<-6> PG F_<2α> showed no change but tended to decrease in the solutions 10^<-5> and 10^<-4>. 3) In sensitized guinea pigs, the depressed ciliary activity by the causative antigen was significantly improved by the solutions 10^<-8> and 10^<-5> PG E_1 but was not influenced in the solution of PG F_<2α>. 4) Simultaneous application of histamine and PG E_1 or PG F_<2α> showed no peculiar difference among them on ciliary movement. 5) Highly diluted acetylcholine(10^<-8>-10^<-4>)solution did not suppress the ciliary movement except the 10^<-2> solution which showed some effect of suppression. Simultaneous application of 10^<-8> acetylcholine and 10^<-6> PG F_<2α> solutions suppressed significantly the ciliary movement. Thus synergor effect between acetylcholine and PG F_<2α> was demonstrated.

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A modification of radioimmunosorbent technique(RIST)was applied to the determination of IgE concentration in saliva for the diagnosis of allergic diseases in the clinic of oral surgery. A 1.0 ml of anti-IgE combined with Sephadex particles was mixed with a 0.1 ml of saliva and rotated vertically for 40-44 hours at room temperature. After this pre-incubation, 0.1 ml of ^<125>I-IgE solution was added and the mixture was vertically rotated again for 18-24 hours at room temperature. After the incubation, bound- and free-IgE were separated according to the manual of Phadebas IgE Test(Pharmacia). The data obtained by the above procedures were satisfactory in its accuracy, precision and sensitivity. It was capable of detecting 0.2-20 unit/ml. Using this method, IgE concentration in whole saliva obtained before rinsing out the mouth in the morning was determined on non-allergic Japanese adults, and most of the data were in the range of 0.13 to 5.70 unit/ml. It was further demonstrated that the method was applicable to the determination of IgE levels in low protein specimens such as urine or cord serum.

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