The present paper deals with the effects of Reserpine on 36 psychoses which were treated in our clinic since December 1954. Twenty schizophrenics, five manic depressives, two epilietics, 3 general paresises, two cerebral arterioscleroses, two feeblemindeds and two other cases were studied. 31 cases of the total cases were preveiously treated with EST or other specific treatments.
0.5 mg of Reserpine were given orally for 30-50 days, or 0.5-1.0mg of Reserpine were given initially, and succeedingly the dose was increased to 3-5 mg per day and the last dose of 10-20 mg was continuously administered for 30-50 days.
1) 7 out of the 20 schizophrenics (35.0%) and all of the 5 manic depressives (100%) were much or completely improved, while 4 schizophrenics were unchanged. In two of the two psychomotor epileptics, some degrees of improvement were evident, while most symptoms in the organic psychosis such as general paresis or cerebral arteriosclerosis were unchanged or poorly improved.
2) Reserpine treatment was most effective on emotional disturbances such as irritability, excess or instability, and more effective on catatonic psychomotor disturbances such as negativism, mutism, excitement or stupor than on delusion or hallucination.
3) The group, treated with more than 400 mg of Reserpine, was more improved than the group, treated with less than 400 mg, while better result was found in the group treated for more than 45 days than the group treated for less than 45 days.
4) During the observation period of one year, 6 cases of 16 schizophrenics (37.5%), 3 cases fo 5 manic depressives (60.0%) and one of the two epileptics have recurrented or relapsed.

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Among human intestinal protozoa, only Giardia has not been yet cultivated. An attempt of the cultivation of Giardia muris was conducted by means of several artificial media. The following five different media were used in this experiment. 1. Balamuth's medium 2. Balamoth's medium added with thioglycollate and methionine 3. Asami's medium for Trichomonas Vaginalis 4. Asami's medium preconditioned with intestinal bacterial flora of mouse 5. Mixture of Asami's medium and Balamuth's medium, preconditioned as in the above. All the media were added with penicillin and streptomycin, in order to avoid the growth of bacteria that may be introduced with the inoculum. Giardia muris trophozoites in the intestinal tracts of mice were taken, as soon as the animals were sacrificed, and inoculated into these media and the media were kept at 37°C in a incubator.
The longest survival of the organism was observed in Asami's medium which was prepared to have the pH value of 5.0-5.2 and preconditioned with intestinal flora of the mouse. Sometimes, Giardias remained alive for 20 days in this medium, while in other media, they survived only for 8 days, at the longest. Though giardia did not show any evidence of multiplication, these findings seemed to have indicated that they require low redox potential.
The author also made an observation on the morphological differences between the cysts of Giardia lamblia and Giardia muris and came to the conclusion that cysts presented some reliable criteria for the differentiation of the species.

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1) In radiography without intensifying screen, the direct magnification technique with 0.3 mm focus was superior to the normal radiography with 4-3mm focus, but inferior to the latter with 2-1 mm focus. In order to obtain better results with direct magnification than this, it is necessary to use 0.1 mm focus.
2) In radiography with intensifying screen, the unsharpness of the screen has a great meaning and when using ordinary home produced screens (unsharpness of not less than 0.3 mm) the direct magnification technique with 0.3 mm focus was superior to the normal radiography so far as the sharpness of images and the demonstration of small details and fine structures are concerned.
3) The focal size in the direct magnification should be selected to be not greater than the unsharpness of the screen, in order to increase the sharpness of images and demonstrability of details with increasing of magnifying degree, but it should be wrong to make only the focus small without considering the unsharpness of the screen.
4) The focal size also should be selected to be less than the size of aimed fine structures, in order to increase the demonstrability of fine structures, in the further parts from film.
5) In the practical cases of direct magnification technique, it should be advised to define the size of aimed fine structures, to select the screen, the unsharpness of which is less than the size of that structure, and then to determine the focal size less than, the screen's unsharpness.

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In 1948 Middlebrook and Dubos of U. S. A. originated a specific tuberculosis hemagglutination of the patients sera, by the sheeps red cells that were sensitized with the extracts of tubercle bacilli. Based on the inhibition method, led from Middlebrook's reaction, in 1951 we have demonstrated tuberculin in the urine of experimental animals and TB patients, by the new hemagglutination, O. M. K. reaction, of erythrocytes that were previously sensitized with tuberculin.
In our method, horses sera that contained a high titre of tuberculin antibody were used. The sera were prepared by intravenous injection of the vaccine of Aoyama-B strain of tubercle bacilli. The horses sera contained also various antibodies for other bacilli than the tuberculin antibody.
In the present experiment, the following sera served as the controls; horses sera; the non-immunized horses sera; the non and immunized sheep sera; healthy human sera; and sera of pulmonary tuberculosis patients. These sera contained also various other antibodies. In the inhibition method, the titre of anti-tuberculin body in the horses sera became high level by multiplying the sera dilution, and in this relation, there was optimal dilution degree. In the inhibition method, antibody for tuberculin of this sera reacted peculiar to tuberculin only, and tuberculin reacted also peculiar to tuberculin antibody solely in many various antibodies. The antibodies for various bacilli reacted to various bacilli except tuberculin.

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