Thyroid functions of normal and diseased conditions were investigated with the use of rad-ioactive iodine.
All of the patients were given orally ca. 100μ of radioiodine. 1, 3, 6, 24, 48 hours, 5 and 7 days following administration of the agent radioactivity was measured in thyroid gland area with Geiger-Müller counter. At the same time a 48 hour specimen of urine was collected and was tested for its radioactivity with Geiger Müller-counter.
Following results were obtained:
1) Euthyroid 4 cases, hyperthyroidism 14 cases, benign struma 4, malignant struma 3 and hypothyroidism 2 were studied on I¹³¹ intake of thyroid gland and radioiodine was excreted into urine.
2) Euthyroid and benign struma reached to the maximum intake of I¹³¹ between 24 and 48 hours after ingestion and accumulation rate of I¹³¹ in thyroid gland was on an average 21%. An average excretion of I¹³¹ in urine was 58.4% during 48 hours. Some of benign struma p-atients showed a little higher intake than the euthyroid.
3) Intake of I¹³¹ in hyperthyroidism reached rapidly to high values and showed the max-imum at between 6 and 24 hours. Furthermore, the high values were maintained for 7 days. The accumulation rate of hyperthyroidism was on an average 49% and excretion in urine was 33% during 48 hours.
4) Hyperthyroidism treated previously with iodine or thiouracil derivatives showed inhib-ition of I¹³¹ intake and excretion in urine was rapidly increased.
5) Malignant struma showed that the I¹³¹ intake in thyroid gland ranged according to h-istological changes but generally similar to euthyroid or hypothyroidism.
6) Hypothyroidism showed 7% I¹³¹ intake on an average and excretion in urine 85.8% during 48 hours.
7) Above results showed that the diagnosis of various thyroid conditions can be made easily and accurately by the use of radioactive iodine which was given orally and radioactiv-ity is measured in thyroid gland area and urine 2, 6, 24 and 48 hours after administration.

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Histopathological observations on ten autopsy cases of tuberculous lesions treated with streptomycin are reported.
1) While small round cell infiltrations continued to be present for a considereable per-iod of time, there was noted a rapid decrease or disappearance of epitheloid cells. Howev-er, Langhans giant cells did not seen to disappear easily.
The leucocytic infiltration was markedly diminished and in small foci there was noted a decrease of caseation and appearance of hyalinazation. Perifocal inflammatory process was decreased.
2) No histopatholagical changes were observed in cases in which combined use of PAS, TB1, Promisol and Lumin were employed.
3) No parallel relationship was noted between histopathoiogical changes and duration of treatment. The therapeutic action of streptomycin was rapid at first but after certain stage was reached the histopathologic changes did not progress in parallel with the length of treatment.
4) In cases of short term treatment, i. e. o, 5 gm for one day no changes were observed.
5) The lesions of lung, liver and spleen etc. showed a similar changes with intraspinal treatment as with intramuscular injections.

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Follwong are the results of pharmacological examination made on 112 cases of pulmonary tuberculosis, in functional changes of the vegetative nervous system which were observed before and after thoracoplasty or extrapleuralplombage with plastic balls, operation, (Tuber-culin test was done in some of the patients)
1) The minimum involved cases were more senstive to adrenalin than the moderate cas-es, and an increased number of nonsensitive type was found in moderately advanced cases.
2) Among those whose symptoms were improving after operation there was a remarkable decrease of non-sensitive type as compared with before operation, and mixed type and par-asympathetic type were both found increasing.
3) Among those whose operation was ineffective or those getting worse than before oper-ation, a large number was found either less sensitive or non-sensitive type.
4) In general, those who were non-sensitive to adrenalin showed unimproving conditions, except in certain cases with idiosyncrasy who progressed favorably. At any rate according to our examination the prognosis is not always unfavorable.
5) We have found that the patients who are very sensitive to adrenalin show a tendency to be strongly positive to tuberculin reaction.

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Considering from histo-chemical standpoint central nerves are closely related with the fatty substances. It can be easily realized that when there is present a lesion in the central nervous system, especially in the brain substances an quantitative as well as qualititative changes would develop in blood and cerebrospinal fluid.
But since it is not easy to measure the amount of fatty substances reports on this subject have heretofore been very meager.
Kurokochi, Taketomo and Sano reported an increase of acetone bodies in the cerebrospinal fluid and Tokuoka reported in 1951 an increase of phosphatid in the cerebrospinal fluid.
I have made a study in measuring the amount of total fatty acids in the cerebrospinal fluid of 46 patients who were suffering from Japanese encephalitis in 1950. I further made a study on changes which take place in other body fluids and the relation of them with hepatic dysfunction.
The amount of the total fatty acids was measured from the filtrate obtained by adding 3 ml of cerebrospinal fluid to 25 ml of absolute alcohol and 25 ml of ether. A modification of Bloor's method (Sudo's method) was also employed.
A total of 121 materials were examined. As a control following cases were used: 5 cases of appendicitis, one of hemorrhoid, one of prostate hypertrophy, 2 of perforated peritonitis and 6 of tuberculous meningitis.
The results are as follows:
1) The amount of the total fatty acids in Japanese encephalitis was greater than that of the control.
2) The amount of the total fatty acids was not influenced by sex, age or clinical severity.
3) There were no clear cut relationship between the increase of the total fatty acids and the changes in other body fluids.
4) The total fatty acids were found to have no co-relation with the results of bromsulph-alein test and Takada's reaction. A further study should be made as to the mechanism of increase of the total fatty acids in the cerebrospinal fluid, the kind of the increased fatty acids and its clinical significances of Japanese encephalitis.

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The volume of glutathion deoxidizing blood was remarkably decreased after thoracoplasty, and recovery was found quicker in cases in which th liver function was considered normal before and after operation than those with disordered liver. The decrease was less marked in cases in which the liver function was normal before and after operation than those with disordered liver.
It is evident that the disorder of liver function is closely related to the quantity of blood loss in operation, and the deoxidizing function in the body is decreased after thoracoplasty.
The total quantity of glutathion is decreased more markedly in reoperated cases than those of initial operation and much longer time is needed for recovery in the former than the latter.
In short, due to the fact that the degree of increase and decrease of glutathion in blood after thoracoplasty is strongly influenced by the liver function and the liver function is closely related to the quantity of blood loss during the operation. Therefore in order to speedly bring oxidizing and deoxidizing function in the body after thoracoplasty it is important to keep the quantity of blood loss to the minimum during operation and to keep the liver in good condition throughout pre- and post-operative stages.

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It is without saying that in order to reach a diagnosis of tuberculous lesion physical, roen-tgenological and bacteriological examinations are imperative. However, it is considered that more precise diagnosis can be made if additionally, biochemical and sero-immunological examination methods were employed. From such a point of view I have made a study and obtained a result that when a certain amount of supernatant solution of an exudate of tuber-culous pleurisy in its early stage be injected infra-cutaneously according to the method of Mester's reaction, a fluctuation of the number of leucocytes occurs in the peripheral blood corresponding to the seriousness or lightness of tuberculosis symptoms.
Although Yoshida Yoshiharu's reaction using A. O. is said to be specific against the activity of tuberculous lesion, I think my method is equally of value for the diagnostic use.

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Isonicotinic acid hydrazide (INAH) which was recently introduced by Bernstein, Dómagk et al. are the most effective therapeutic agent against tuberculosis. Hence, it is desirable to have simple and sensitive method for the estimation of INAH in biologic fluids.
A quantitative estimation of INAH has been made using cyanogen bromide or p-dimethyl amino-benzaldehyde.
However, we have found a simpler and more sensitive colorimetric method for the estim-ation of INAH than above notes test. The method I propose is as follows:
Extraction procedure: Plasma and urine are treated as Kelly and Poet's technique.
Colorimetric Procedure: Place 5 ml. of acid extract containing 1-200y per ml of INAH, (if less than 5 ml. is taken make up 5 ml. with 0.1 N-HCl) in a 15 ml. graduated conical test tube. Add 0.5 ml. of 6 N-HCI, 1 ml. of absolute alcohol, 0.1 ml. of 10% salcylic aldehy-de alcohol solution and 1 ml. of 3% Ferric chloride solution and mix. Read in an electric colorimeter at 430-570 mμ using 1cm cells against a blank of 0.1N-HCI.
The unknown is then calculated using standard recovery and concentration-versus-density data.

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1) Previously, we classified the outpatients in the medical department from the standpoint of psychosomatic medicine. As a consequence of that classification 30% of the patients have psychopathic factors (7.1% of outpatients have psychoneuroses).
2) As can be readily seen from the above summation, psychopathic factor is important in the examination of medical patients. Therefore, we investigated the chief complaints of medical patients and made a comparison between the complaints due to organic diseases and those of psychoneuroses.
3) Of 3899 patients who visited the Medical Department of the Natinonal Konodai Hospital in 1952, 1433 diagnosis-established patients were selected for study. At the same time 108 psychoneuroses in the Psychiatric Department were also studied.
4) There were 104 kinds of complaints. The total number of complaints was 2674. The 104 kinds of complaints were divided into 12 groups: 1. fever, 2. cough and sputum, 3, pain in the throat, chest and back, 4. fatigue, 5. loss of appetite, 6. stiff shoulder, 7. stomachache, 8. symptoms of digestive tracts, 9. palpitation and dyspnea, 10. sleeplessness, 11, headache, 12. dizziness and dull head. Also, the diseases of internal medicine were divided into six groups: tuberculosis, dig-estive diseases, respiratory diseases, circulatory diseases, psychoneuroses and others. In organic diseases, the chief complaints varies correspondingly with each illness, whereas in psychoneuroses, the chief complaints were general.
5) Psychoneuroses consulted in the medical department in 1950 numbered 117, while psyc-oneuroses consulted in the psyciatiric department numbered 108. This fact indicates th-at psychoneuroses as an entity plays an important role jn the medical department.
6) In order to study statistically the above mentioned results, we simplified data thus. The diseases were divied into two groups: organic diseases and psychoneuroses. The complaints were divided as follows: the symptoms of respiratory diseases, tuberculosis of early stage, digestive diseases, circulatory diseases, nervous system diseases and oth-ers.
The results of statistical investigation are as follws a) The percentage of patients who complained of symptoms of respiratory diseases were greater in organic diseases than those of neuroses.
b) Of the patients complaining of symptoms of early stage of tuberculosis and digestive diseases, equal number of patients were found to be suffering from organic and neur-otic diseases.
c) Of the patients who complainted of symptoms of circulatory diseases and nervous sy-stem diseases, greater number were found to be neurotics as compares with organic-ally ill.
7) Psychoneurotic patients who consulted the medical department, and psychoneurotic pat-ients who consulted the psychiatric department have different complaints. Complaints in organic diseases are numerous in the medical department, whereas, in the psychiatric department, psychopathic complaints are numerous.
8) On the basis above data, we wish to stress the importance of examining patients from the standpoint of psychosomatic aspect.

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That the aggiutinin to the etiological bacteria, the so-called coproagglutination, can be found in the mucus, pus or bloody part of the stool of dysentery patient, have been widely studied by many investigators. Since bacterial dysentery is a suppuration of colonic muc-osa, the likewise existence of both etiological bacteria and its antibody-like substance in the exudate of other suppurative conditons may well be considered.
A study was made on precipitation or agglutination test by employing pus in various suppurative conditions.
1) Streptococcus hemolyticus: With acid-heated antigen (Lancefield) precipitation test was performed. In many cases the result was positive, but even in the same bacterial type the reaction showed sometime specific and at another times non-specific.
2) Streptococcus viridans: On this I have already reported.
3) Pneumococcus: 8 ×-80 × positive in 4 cases of pyothorax, 10 × -16 × in 2 cases of lymphadenitis, 2 × in one case of peritonitis (agglutination of pus and isolated bacteria).
4) Staphylococcus: By the slide agglutination method (Cowan) in cases of staphylococcal infection, reaction was more definite than the control. In the precipitation test with the boiled antigen (Cowan) the result was uncertain. As to the reaction of coagulase and ant-icoagulase (Rammelkamp) of this bacteria a further studies are needed.
5) Meningococcus: Using patient's serum or cerebrospinal fluid as an antigen negative reslut was obtianed in 2 cases of meningococcus infection.
6) E. coli: In ten cases of abscess due to E, coli agglutination was 8 × -64 × positive, in some cases agglutination titer became higher with the progress of clinical course.
7) Enterococcus: In one case of pancreatic necrosis due to enterococcus the pus prec-ipitated with acidheated antigen but 4 days later the wound was contaminated with E. coli and the agglutination to E. coli could also be observed. The precipitation was positive until the 8th day and thereafter the reaction became negative with disappearance of enterococcus. However, the coli agglutination become stronger.
8) Klebsiella: In one autopsy case of pneunmonia with klebsiella, specimens of tissue, sputum, pus and urines howed a positive precipitation with acid-heated antigen, but patient×s serum showed negative for precipitation.
Thus I have found the co-existence of etiological bacteria and antibody-like substances in exsudate, similar to the existence of coproagglutination of dysentery. However, its signific-ances need further investigations.

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