In order to examine hemodynamics during surgical operation, the author studied the estimated hepatic blood flow by Brad Bradley's BSP method using hepatic venous catheter in 111 cases under various types of anesthesia and in 66 cases of surgical operation. The results were as follows:
1) Under pentothal, nitrous oxide and ether anesthesia, the estimated hepatic blood flow ranged between 400-1, 400cc/min/M², uniformly distributed, showing a wider scope of fluctuation than the pormalvalues. However, no difference was found in hepatic blood flow by the kind of anesthetics.
2) Hepatic blood flow under anesthesia was not practically affected by transient hypoxia, such as cyanosis or apnoea, but in the cases with liver disturbances, hepatic bIood flow decreased to ca. 500cc/min/M².
3) Hepatic blood flow during surgical operation showed a slight decrease of 12% from the level under anesthesia. The reduction of hepatic blood flow, however, was about 40% under emergency caused by hypoxia, about 50% in artificial hypotension induced with C₄, and about 21% in the condition of hypotension due to shock. Thus, a correlation was found between blood pressure and hepatic blood flow.
4) Extreme reduction of hepatic blood flow was observed in the cases with hepatic disturbances, indicating that the disturbed liver is more severely affected by surgical operation than normal liver.

View full abstract

When none of the methods of diagnoses, such as various supplementary diagnostic techniques, agglutination tests, hemolysis reaction tests, blocking reaction tests, was successful in the diagnosis of dysentery, the authortried the technique devised dy sawai, aiming the phagocytosis system and using the exsudative leucocytes of peritoneal cavity of guinea pigs.
The results were that the determination of species and types of infected dysentery bacilli was possible in immune rabbit dysentery sera, but was impossible in patients' sera.
It is thought that immune antibodies in patients' sera are little.

View full abstract

The authors conducted examination of the surface structure of bile-stones by means of electron-microscope, using replica method, along with x-ray diffraction and chemical analysis of the bile stones. Results were as follows:
Mainly from the findings of electron-microscopical examimtion of 32 bile stones, bile stones were classified into 3 groups, A, B and C.
1) Group-A had relatively rugged surface under electron-microscope. By chemical amlysis, bile stones of this group chiefly consisted of bilirubin. From the characteristics of electronmicroscopical pictures, this group could be subdivided in to 3 types, the granular type, the waved type and their regularly type.
2) Group-B showed relatively smooth surface under electron-microscope. By chemical analysis, bile stones of this group chiefly consisted of cholesterin. This group could be subdivided into 3 types, the stratified type, aereaed type, and the semi-stratified type. The smallest micro-structure of the surface, belonging to this group, was measured as 600∼700 Aring; in width, and ca 300 Å in thickness.
3) Group-C, the conbined form of the groups A and B, showed the variable surface structures under electron-microscopical examinations.

View full abstract

There are many unknown causes of prematurity. Toxaemia of pregnancy, an important maternal cause of prelnaturity, had not been satisfactorily clarified in regard to its relationship with prematurity. The authors, classifying the toxaemia according to the method used by Creamer in 1955, studied the relationship between toxaemia of pregnancy and prematurity in comparison with non-toxaemic cases.
Two thousands and five handreds thirty five infants were born in 2, 504 deliveries, of which 15.89% was toxaemia of pregnancy and 14.97% was prematurity, respectively.
Incidence of premature among toxaemia group was as high as 25.37%. Incidence of labor induction was especially high among toxaemia cases.
In toxaemias, incidence of still birth was apparently high; especially, the rate was high in the prematures born from toxaemic mothers. The rate was higher when the toxaelnia was severer.
Neonatal death rate was high in prematures, and significantly high in severe toxaemias. In the comparison of toxaemic and non-toxaemic cases, none of significant difference was regognized. This indifference was statistically brought by the highly premature infants born from cause-unknown habitual prematurity cases in the non-toxaemic group.
Regarding neonatal febrile condition as one of morbidity, the incidence was higher in toxaemic infants than non-toxaemics; also higher in prematures than in mature infants. It was the highest inprematures born from toxaemic mothers.
It seems that toxaemia will influence upon fetus as well as on newborn and increase the incidence of prematurity, stillbirth, neonatal death and neonatal morbidity.

View full abstract

Subdural tap is a method of puncturing subdural space at lateral angle of the fontanel. The authors performed subdural taps on 24 doubtful cases of newborns, after making sure of the safety of the method by autopsy of 6 newborn infants. In 3 cases, dark reddy blood was found, and in another 5 cases, the fluid was more or less bloody. Subdural taps were performed several times on these cases, until the fluid became clear. No dangerous condition was occured, all 23 babies but one were growing normal for several months, one died soon after the first tap, who had been very serious and had a great subdural hematoma assured by autopsy.
Though intracranial hemorrhages in newborn infant are not always assured by subdural tap, subdural hematomas, that will cause cerebral infantile paralysis will be surely diagnosed, and the babies with such hematomas should be cured by several taps as Ingraham & Matson, and Ormiston reported and as the present authors experienced.
Obstetricians should keep in mind that hemorrhage that will cause infantile paralysis exhibits no recognizable abnormality for several weeks or more after birth. We hope all doubtful cases of intracranial hemorrhage in newborn should be tapped, and if hemorrhages are found they should be treated before the development of miserable paralysis.

View full abstract

Because of the unexpectedly high incidence of complications, suppuration and perforation, among 90 cases that were operated with extrapleural lucite plombage during the period from June 1947 toAugust 1948, the authors conducted a study of reevaluation on the extrapleural lucite plombage technique with respect to complicating sequelae. The results obtained were as follows:
1) Local suppuration occurred in 15.6% of the 90 cases and perforation in 17.8% of the cases. Congequently, removal of the onset lucite balls were necessitated in 37 cases. Mention was also made of the onset of the suppuration and perforation, clinical symptoms, treatment and of the gross findings of the cavity opened at the time of reoperation. 2) Judging from the complications, it is suggested that this technique should not be employed widely as a safe surgical treatment until extensive follow-up studies will be compiled, and that the selection of cases for the technique should be made in consideration of the careful observations and limited indication.

View full abstract

[in Japanese]

View full abstract

For the control of aches in 100 cases of mostly appendectomy operation, ircodin was administered. Satisfactory results in over 85% of the cases were obtained. It is believed that ircodin is one of the most excellent drugs to be used after surgical operations, with its strong anodyne, sedative and hypnotic effects, together with its method of easy administration in the use.

View full abstract

[in Japanese]

View full abstract

[in Japanese]

View full abstract

[in Japanese]

View full abstract

[in Japanese]

View full abstract

[in Japanese]

View full abstract

[in Japanese]

View full abstract

[in Japanese]

View full abstract

[in Japanese]

View full abstract

[in Japanese]

View full abstract