Since Page described hypertensive diencephalic syndrome, many reports have been made by Van Buchem, Schroeder, Goldman and others. However, the syndrome has no specific clinical picture to other syndromes and the peculiarities enough to differentiate it from others should be further investigated. The present paper deals with 9 cases, which developed typical synptoms as Page has described. Seven cases were male and 2 were female. Their ages were from 16 to 38. Complaints were palpitation, headache and heaviness in head. Blood pressure was high and labil.Three cases showed drop-shaped heart. No significant finding in ECGs and urines. None had enlargement of thyroid gland. Blotchy blush covered faces and upper chests, in severe cases even in bellies and backs. Blood cholesterol was normal or showed slight increase. Histamine test was positive in all cases.
Disturbances in the function of autonomic nervous system were suggested more or less: Aschner's synptom, Czermak's test were positive in almost all cases. Relative lymphocytosis was common.
All cases were very similar to hyperthyroidism, cardiac neurosis or many other syndromes in spite of some peculiarities persisted by the investigators. The most noticeable fact was that 5 of them had some complications which may cause dysfunction of autonomic nervous system for themselves: they were 2 cases of tonsillitis, 2 cases of pleurisy, and 1 case of ptosis of abdominal organs.
Further study should be mabe in future for the clear establishment of this syndrome.

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The authors examined the effect of x-ray protection of the mufti-shutter, which can artitrarily and continuously change the size of radiation field as occasion requests. The following results have been obtained:
1) The employment of the multi-shutter in x-ray radiography was able to markedly reduce the dose of scattered rays around the photographed body as compared with the ordinary radiation cones. It was effective not only for the x-ray protection, but also for obtaining the x-ray pictures enriched with contrasts.
2) The employment of this shutter enabled the use of high tube voltage and decreased the development of scattered rays from the photographed body. The combination of this shutter with tube-voltage may be able to minimize the danger of radiation injuries.

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Recently, in accordance with increasing of the average age, studies of gerontologicai medicine has gradually gathered concerns of general physicians. The author picked up 912 cases of more than 50 years of age from 7, 590 patients that recieved diagnosis at the orthopedic surgery in the Kurume National Sanatorium between the past 7 years from 1950 to 1956.
The author studied them by age, sex, profession and by sickness and investigated each cases of tuberculosis, corpus obstracle, diagnosis by the pension system, operation and accident.
Their treatments and processes of sicknesses that frequently occur in old age were described in detail and referred by literatures.

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With the advance of the treatment of pulmonary tuberculosis, bronchoscopy, spirometry and bronchography became much more common procedures, however, a review of literatures revealed that reports on the side-effects of cocain used as topical anesthesia are few. The purpose of the present study was to report the toxicity of cocain used as surface anesthetic reagent. Three hundred forty three cases were in-patients of Nagano National Sanatorium. The cases were classified into 3 groups and expressed by following terms: group 1: slightly; group 2: moderately; group 3: highly intoxicated.
The symptoms of the group 1 and group 2: Early onset of nausea, vomitting and palpitation followed by thirst and headache.
The symptoms of the group 3: The cases were 1% of all cases and they started alarmingly with acute cocainism, i, e., dyspnea, midriasis, spastic convulsion and sensible turbidity. Incidentally, in those emergency, ravonal administered intravenously was the most useul preparation.
No relations could be found between quantities of cocain used and the ocurrence of the side-reactions.
The side-reactions were far more frequent in male than in female. Clinically, we could not find any relations between the side-reactions and before-treatment with adorm, pantopon-scopolamin or both.

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Phagocytosis of leucocytes, together with bacteriostasis of serum, is generally used in discussing the immunity of tuberculosis. The author intended to disclose the difference between the phagocytic phenomenon of SM sensitive bacilli and that of SM resistant, and adopted a simple technique for the examination in vitro. As for microscopic and morphological classification of phagocytosis, ingesting and enfulfing were treated as true phagocytic phenomena and differenciated from mere absorption, surrounding or mixing. Experiments were conducted as follows:
1) Phagocytosis of leucytes of pulmonary tuberculosis cases.
2) Phagocytosis of leucocytes of infected rabbits; On rabbits which had been intravenously infected with H37Rv, SM 10γ bacilli and SM 1, 000γ bacilli, phagocytosis to SM sensitive and SM resistant bacilli was compared and relations to the phagocytosis in whole blood and erythrocyte agglutination reaction were examined.
3) Phagocytosis of leucocytes of rabbit intramuscularly infected with suspension of tubercle bacilli in liquid-paraffin-vaseline mixture.
4) Phagocytosis of leucocytes of guinea pig subcutaneously inplanted with a caseous substance obtained from the lesion of resected lungs.
5) Phagocytosis of cells found in the abdominal cavity of the guinea pig infected or sensitized: Living or dead H37Rv, SM 10γ bacilli and SM 1, 000γ bacilli were subcutaneously infected. After 3, 6, 11 and 22 weeks, cells in abdominal cavity were aspirated and Phagocytosis to SM sensitive bacilli was compared to that to SM resistant bacilli.
6) Observation of phagocytosis by means of leucocyte supravital staining.
7) Conclusion: Leucocytes, strains of bacilli and immune sera were prepared against both SM sensitive and SM resistant bacilli and phagocytic systems were made by crossing. Comparing to SM sensitive bacilli, SM resistant were phagocytized with difficulty. However, no relation was disclosed between cells of SM resistant individuals and SM resistant bacilli. Though phagocytosis is an expression of the defence mechanism of living body, as to acquired immunity, systematical inference is difficult. As the serum seems to have an important part, it is conceivable that a factor exists which impedes bacilli from connecting with cells by blocking some factors in the serum. No direct relation was observed between phagocytosis and immunity.

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Comparative study on the modified Costa reaction and sedimentation rate was conducted on 411 healthy persons and 1, 886 tuberculous patients who were admitted at Niigata National Sanatorium. The results were as follows:
1) Our modified Costa reaction can be performed with the residuals of the blood samples that were used for the examination of sedimentation rate, and can be carried out on a number of cases at one time.
2) The results of modified Costa reaction showed more clean correlation with clinical symptoms than that of sedimentation rate. Environmental factors influenced on the results of Costa reaction in lesser degree than in case of sedimentation rate.
3) While marked changes of sedimentation rate were frequently observed in non-tuberculous persons, modified Costa reaction showed a specific tendency of changes in subclinical tuberculous patients.
4) It was suggested that modified Costa reaction had a prognostic significance.

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