Recently the lung is not just centered for respiration around the gas-transfer on alveolar levels; it is important to many other vital metabolic processes, including biosynthetic, antibacterial secretory activation, detoxifying and sometimes endocrine activities.
We have developed a rapid freezing method and sought an approach in which the anatomic features of the living lung can be suddenly fixed under known physiologic conditions. First, we find that main unit of respiratory function is not in alveoli (the end of the 24th division of the bronchial tree), but is as a unit, below respiratory bronchiole (the 16-18th division). Now we call this “terminal respiratory unit”. Besides, making the similar features of atelectasis, bronchial athma, emphysema and edema, we get many clews of clarifying the developing mechanism of those with our method of the study on relationship between the structure and function.
Further, these method will contribute for investigating metabolic processes etc.

View full abstract

This color sense anomaly test can investigate precisely the intensity, form and locality of the color sense anomaly, in the whole color sense space.
This test can determine precisely the color sense anomaly grade, form and inclination.

View full abstract

Ten cases with wide-spread childhood malignancy were treated with chemotherapy. They were 3 cases of neuroblastoma, 2 cases of malignant lymphoma, a rhabdomyosarcoma, a dysgerminoma, an osteosarcoma, a Wilm's tumor and unclassified malignant tumor.
Combination chemotherapy of Vincristine 0.075mg/kg and Endoxan 10mg/kg was given to 4 cases: a patient with neuroblastoma had no response, a patient with neuroblastoma showed disappearance of the tumor cells in the bone marrow and decreased size of the abdominal tumor with radiation therapy, a patient with dysgerminoma revealed marked tumor regression and a patient with unclassified malignant tumor showed disappearance of tumor cells in the bone marrow and the tumor regression. Toxicity were one weakness of the muscles, two diminished knee jerks, two alopecias and three leukopenias.
Endoxan 25mg/kg wekly regimen was given to the patient with rhabdomyosarcoma and a good response was obtained and alopecia was noticed.
Endoxan 10mg/kg was administered to 2 cases intravenously in 9-13 consecutive days in three times: a patient with suspected neuroblastoma showed marked tumor regression in the thoracic cavity. In patient with multiple lung metastasis of osteogenic sarcoma, significant tumor regression occured twice. Toxic manifestation were nausea, vomiting and alopecia. The bone marrow depression was transient and recovery was rapid after cessation of therapy.
In combination chemotherapy of steroid and Endoxan to 2 patients with malignant lymphoma, one responded and one did not.
Triple therapy of Endoxan, Actinomycine-D and Methotrexate to dysgerminoma was failed. Side effect was mouth ulcer.
Actinomycine-D was given to 2 patients four times: a patient with metastatic dysgerminoma revealed transient tumor regression three times, and a patient with Wilm's tumor had no response.

View full abstract

In 624 hypertensive subjects whose clinical processes were able to be followed up during over five years, effect of long-term treatment with antihypertensive drugs on clinical and pathological states was observed and the cause of death was analysed. 624 hypertensive subjects were divided into three groups as follows: group I (302 cases) consisted of continuously consulting subjects, group II (256 cases) consisted of recently discoutinued subjects, and group III (66 cases) consisted of died subjects.
In group I, antihypertensive effect in the subjects administrating diuretics was significantly stronger than that in the subjects using non-diuretic agents.
Effect of long-term using of antihypertensive drugs on brain, heart and kidney in hypertensive subjects were observed. There were some cases indicating the improvement of Keith-Wagener's classification and therefore long-term using of antihypertensive drugs may protect the sclerosis of artery of brain. Long-term using of them was no effective on electrocardiographic findings, and as the cases with hypertensive heart disease were observed in only one per cent, so long-term using of them may protect the appearance of heart failure. In some cases in I group, urinary protein became negative and this fact may show that long-term treatment with antihypertensive drugs improves the function of kidney in hypertensive subjects.
Furthermore, long-term using of oral diuretics resulted hypokalemia, hyperglycemia and increased uric acid in blood.
In group II, it was found that the patients ranged from fifty years old to seventy years old were eager to administrate the antihypertensive drugs and thirty per cent of II group felt subjectively unwell.
In group III, causes of death in subjects with hypertension were researched and especially relationship between causes of death and pathological types (brain type, heart type and kidney type) were observed. Kidney death consisted kidney type in 100%, brain death consisted of brain type in 88% and heart death consisted of heart type in 61%, and so it was most difficult to forecast the cause of death in a case of heart death.

View full abstract

To investigate the effect of Histalog and Gastrin on pancreas and gallbladder, the acid and HCO₃ secretion after Histalog and Gastrin administration was determined in group including cases with gastric or duodenal ulcer, bile duct disorder, chronic gastritis and chronic pancreatitis.
The patient was determined the acid secretion with Histalog in advance and divided into four subgroups, hyperacidity, normo-acidity, hypoacidity and anacidity.
The effect of Histalog and Gastrin was investigated by the following two methods.
In the first method Histalog or Gastrin was injected immediately after pancreozymin secretion test, while in the second method before the pancreozymin Secretin test.
Irrespective of stimulant the first method showed increase of HCO₃ output in anacidity group.
As additional finding the contraction of gallbladder after gastric administration was recognized.
From these results following conclusion was lead, that these stimulants have a direct action to pancreas and its effect was stronger in Gastrin than Histalog.

View full abstract

1) SM resistant cases were 198 to 224 cases (88.0%) by dilution method and 191 (contai-ning low resistant cases)to 224 (84.9%). The results were good coincident.
2) PAS resistant cases were 162 to 211 cases (76.8%) by the former and 159 (71.4%) by the latter.
3) INA resistent cases were 163 to 225 cases (72.8%) by the former and 159 (71.4%) by the latter.
4) Thus, the results by both methods were proved to be relatively coincident and by repeated tests the results were certified to be fast the same.
5) So, the vertical diffusion method was confirmed to be reliable for routine work of resistance examination of the tbc. -bac. against antibiotics.

View full abstract

Among the unhospitalized active infectious TBC patients whose actual conditions were previously reported, 263 patients were surveyed and examined two years later through public health centers.
A clear tendency was observable in 207 patients (78.7%) and the following conclusions were obtained.
1) At the end of 1966 (previous report), 83 were positive for TBC bacilli in the examination of sputa and 124 were negative.
In terms of the prognosis of the 207 patients, the numbers being registered continuously for medical treatment were 185, the cured 3, those who moved 2, and the dead 17.
The cause of death of 8 patients was non-tuberculosis.
2) An improvement was noted in the great majority of the patients both in the pulmonary tuberculosis classification of the Japan Tuberculosis Society and in our sputa examination.
Comparatively, bacilli positive and the bacilli negative patients showed a great improvement on the one hand and aggravation on the other during two years.
3) The bacilli positive patients who had been in the hospital more than one year progressed satisfactorily.
4) The patients who refused hospitalized for psychological reasons such as dislike of hospital or being too old were in the end successfully persuaded to be hospitalized.
However, the patients who had no subjective symptoms and those who had the economic reasons such as house hold economy or home management were difficult to hospitalize.
There were a few cases in which the doctors did not communicate an adequate sense of urgency for hospitalization.
5) The total number of the admitted patients in two years after the first investiga-tion was 32 (15.5%). The bacilli positive were 19 (22.9%) and the negative 13 (10.5%).
In many admission cases there was a history of previous hospitalization.
More bacilli positive patients were hospitalized during the begin and rrore bacilli negative patients were hospitalized during the late stadium of the investigation.

View full abstract

Leiomyoma of the lung is benign in nature and is one of the rarest tumors of meso-dermal origin. A search of the literature in Europe and America revealed only twenty one cases of this benign tumors. Also in Japan only seven cases of leiomyoma of the lung have been reported.
In this report two cases of leiomyoma of the lung are presented.
Case 1
The 31-years-old motorman was admitted to the 2nd Tokyo National Hospital on Sep-tember, 1968. His chief complaints were cough and dyspnoea. The latter seemed rather typical of asthma.
The history revealed that he had been suffering twice a year in spring and winter, from pneumonia like symptoms following common cold seven years prior to the admission. Physical examination revealed dry sibilant rales were heard on both lung fields. Chest film showed consolidation of the bronchopneumonic process in the left lung field. Bronchogram revealed obstructing the bronchial lumen of the left upper lobe. Bronchoscopy revealed a yellowish gray, smooth tumor 4 cm distal to the left main bronchial tree. On December, 1968, he was underwent to the left thoracotomy, and left pneumonectomy was performed. Intrabronchial tumor was measured as 2.5 ×1.5 ×1.4 cm. Microscopically the tumor was typical leiomyoma. On April, 1969, he was discharged in best conditions.
Case 2
A 35-years-old woman was admitted in the 2nd Tokyo National Hospital on January, 1964. She was discovered an isolated, small egg sized nodule in the left lung field in routine chest x-ray a year prior to the admission.
She had been completely asymptomatic. On February, 1964, under suggestion of benign tumor of the lung, she was underwent to the left thoracotomy, and lobectomy of left upper lobe was performed. The oval tumor was measured as 4×3×2 cm. On cut section, it was of gray white color. Microscopic examination revealed that the tumor was characterized by whorls of interlacing bundles of spindle like cells. On May, 1964, she was discharged and now getting along well.

View full abstract

A case of a gastric carcinoid is reported with a brief summary of reviewed literature.
A 60-years-old female underwent gastrectomy on preoperative diagnosis of gastric carcinoma. Histological examination of gastric specimen revealed carcinoid tumor of the stomach. One year after the operation, there is no sign of recurrence. This case is believed to be the tenth case of carcinoid of the stomach ever reported in this country.

View full abstract